scholarly journals Interactions between the neural correlates of dispositional internally directed thought and visual imagery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros Karapanagiotidis ◽  
Elizabeth Jefferies ◽  
Jonathan Smallwood
Keyword(s):  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data ◽  
Directed Attention ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Directed Thought ◽  
Visual Network

AbstractCognition is not always directed to the events in the here and now and we often self-generate thoughts and images in imagination. Important aspects of these self-generated experiences are associated with various dispositional traits. In this study, we explored whether these psychological associations relate to a common underlying neurocognitive mechanism. We acquired resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from a large cohort of participants and asked them to retrospectively report their experience during the scan. Participants also completed questionnaires reflecting a range of dispositional traits. We found thoughts emphasising visual imagery at rest were associated with dispositional tendency towards internally directed attention (self-consciousness and attentional problems) and linked to a stronger correlation between a posterior parietal network and a lateral fronto-temporal network. Furthermore, decoupling between the brainstem and a lateral visual network was associated with dispositional internally directed attention. Critically, these brain-cognition associations were related: the correlation between parietal-frontal regions and reports of visual imagery was stronger for individuals with increased connectivity between brainstem and visual cortex. Our results highlight neural mechanisms linked to the dispositional basis for patterns of self-generated thought, and suggest that accounting for dispositional traits is important when exploring the neural substrates of self-generated experience (and vice versa).

scholarly journals Interactions between the neural correlates of dispositional internally directed thought and visual imagery

2020 ◽  
Vol 376 (1817) ◽  
pp. 20190691
Author(s):  
Theodoros Karapanagiotidis ◽  
Elizabeth Jefferies ◽  
Jonathan Smallwood
Keyword(s):  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data ◽  
Directed Attention ◽  
External Stimulation ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Directed Thought ◽  
Visual Network

Cognition is not always directed to the events in the here and now and we often self-generate thoughts and images in imagination. Important aspects of these self-generated experiences are associated with various dispositional traits. In this study, we explored whether these psychological associations relate to a common underlying neurocognitive mechanism. We acquired resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from a large cohort of participants and asked them to retrospectively report their experience during the scan. Participants also completed questionnaires reflecting a range of dispositional traits. We found thoughts emphasizing visual imagery at rest were associated with dispositional tendency towards internally directed attention (self-consciousness and attentional problems) and linked to a stronger correlation between a posterior parietal network and a lateral fronto-temporal network. Furthermore, decoupling between the brainstem and a lateral visual network was associated with dispositional internally directed attention. Critically, these brain–cognition associations were related: the correlation between parietal–frontal regions and reports of visual imagery was stronger for individuals with increased connectivity between brainstem and visual cortex. Our results highlight neural mechanisms linked to the dispositional basis for patterns of self-generated thought, and suggest that accounting for dispositional traits is important when exploring the neural substrates of self-generated experience (and vice versa ). This article is part of the theme issue ‘Offline perception: voluntary and spontaneous perceptual experiences without matching external stimulation’.

Articulatory Synthesis Based on Real-Time Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asterios Toutios ◽  
Tanner Sorensen ◽  
Krishna Somandepalli ◽  
Rachel Alexander ◽  
Shrikanth S. Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data ◽  
Articulatory Synthesis

scholarly journals Neural correlates of memory recovery: Preliminary findings in children and adolescents with acquired brain injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Anne-Laure Mouthon ◽  
Andreas Meyer-Heim ◽  
Reto Huber ◽  
Hubertus J.A. Van Hedel
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Sleep Eeg ◽  
Brain Maturation ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Memory Recovery ◽  
Posterior Parietal

Background: After acquired brain injury (ABI), patients show various neurological impairments and outcome is difficult to predict. Identifying biomarkers of recovery could provide prognostic information about a patient’s neural potential for recovery and improve our understanding of neural reorganization. In healthy subjects, sleep slow wave activity (SWA, EEG spectral power 1–4.5 Hz) has been linked to neuroplastic processes such as learning and brain maturation. Therefore, we suggest that SWA might be a suitable measure to investigate neural reorganization underlying memory recovery. Objectives: In the present study, we used SWA to investigate neural correlates of recovery of function in ten paediatric patients with ABI (age range 7–15 years). Methods: We recorded high-density EEG (128 electrodes) during sleep at the beginning and end of rehabilitation. We used sleep EEG data of 52 typically developing children to calculate age-normalized values for individual patients. In patients, we also assessed every-day life memory impairment at the beginning and end of rehabilitation. Results: In the course of rehabilitation, memory recovery was paralleled by longitudinal changes in SWA over posterior parietal brain areas. SWA over left prefrontal and occipital brain areas at the beginning of rehabilitation predicted memory recovery. Conclusions: We show that longitudinal sleep-EEG measurements are feasible in the clinical setting. While posterior parietal and prefrontal brain areas are known to belong to the memory “core network”, occipital brain areas have never been related to memory. While we have to remain cautious in interpreting preliminary findings, we suggest that SWA is a promising measure to investigate neural reorganization.

scholarly journals LAB–QA2GO: A Free, Easy-to-Use Toolbox for the Quality Assessment of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Vogelbacher ◽  
Miriam H. A. Bopp ◽  
Verena Schuster ◽  
Peer Herholz ◽  
Andreas Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data
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