scholarly journals Cortical activity at different time scales: high-pass filtering separates motor planning and execution

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Eriksson ◽  
Mona Heiland ◽  
Artur Schneider ◽  
Ilka Diester
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Filter Approach ◽  
High Pass ◽  
Forelimb Movements

AbstractThe smooth conduction of movements requires simultaneous motor planning and execution according to internal goals. So far it is not known how such movement plans can be modified without being distorted by ongoing movements. Previous studies have isolated planning and execution related neuronal activity by separating behavioral planning and movement periods in time by sensory cues1–7. Here, we introduced two novel tasks in which motor planning developed intrinsically. We separated this continuous self-paced motor planning statistically from motor execution by experimentally minimizing the repetitiveness of the movements. Thereby, we found that in the rat sensorimotor cortex, neuronal motor planning processes evolved with slower dynamics than movement related responses both on a sorted unit and population level. The fast evolving neuronal activity preceded skilled forelimb movements while it coincided with movements in a locomotor task. We captured this fast evolving movement related activity via a high-pass filter approach and confirmed the results with optogenetic stimulations. As biological mechanism underlying such a high pass filtering we suggest neuronal adaption. The differences in dynamics combined with a high pass filtering mechanism represents a simple principle for concurrent motor planning and execution in which planning will result in relatively slow dynamics that will not produce movements.

scholarly journals Cortical activity at different time scales: high‐pass filtering separates motor planning and execution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Eriksson ◽  
Mona Heiland ◽  
Artur Schneider ◽  
Ilka Diester
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Filter Approach ◽  
High Pass ◽  
Forelimb Movements

Abstract The smooth conduction of movements requires simultaneous motor planning and execution according to internal goals. So far it is not known how such movement plans can be modified without being distorted by ongoing movements. Previous studies have isolated planning and execution related neuronal activity by separating behavioral planning and movement periods in time by sensory cues1–7. Here, we introduced two novel tasks in which motor planning developed intrinsically. We separated this continuous self-paced motor planning statistically from motor execution by experimentally minimizing the repetitiveness of the movements. Thereby, we found that in the rat sensorimotor cortex, neuronal motor planning processes evolved with slower dynamics than movement related responses both on a sorted unit and population level. The fast evolving neuronal activity preceded skilled forelimb movements while it coincided with movements in a locomotor task. We captured this fast evolving movement related activity via a high-pass filter approach and confirmed the results with optogenetic stimulations. As biological mechanism underlying such a high pass filtering we suggest neuronal adaption. The differences in dynamics combined with a high pass filtering mechanism represents a simple principle for concurrent motor planning and execution in which planning will result in relatively slow dynamics that will not produce movements.

scholarly journals Distinct dynamics of neuronal activity during concurrent motor planning and execution

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Eriksson ◽  
Mona Heiland ◽  
Artur Schneider ◽  
Ilka Diester
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Sensory Cues ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
High Pass ◽  
Forelimb Movements

AbstractThe smooth conduct of movements requires simultaneous motor planning and execution according to internal goals. So far it remains unknown how such movement plans are modified without interfering with ongoing movements. Previous studies have isolated planning and execution-related neuronal activity by separating behavioral planning and movement periods in time by sensory cues. Here, we separate continuous self-paced motor planning from motor execution statistically, by experimentally minimizing the repetitiveness of the movements. This approach shows that, in the rat sensorimotor cortex, neuronal motor planning processes evolve with slower dynamics than movement-related responses. Fast-evolving neuronal activity precees skilled forelimb movements and is nested within slower dynamics. We capture this effect via high-pass filtering and confirm the results with optogenetic stimulations. The various dynamics combined with adaptation-based high-pass filtering provide a simple principle for separating concurrent motor planning and execution.

Neuronal activity in the claustrum of the monkey during performance of multiple movements

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 2115-2119 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Shima ◽  
E. Hoshi ◽  
J. Tanji
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Arm Movements ◽  
Visual Signals ◽  
Visually Guided ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Histological Confirmation ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Way

1. We studied neuronal activity in the claustrum of monkeys during performance of three different arm movements. We verified recording sites of claustral neurons by histological confirmation of microlesions. For the sake of comparison, we also recorded from the arm area of the precentral motor cortex (MI). Selection of the movements was either visually guided or determined by memorized information. 2. A striking property of claustral neurons is their nonselective relation to the three movements (push, pull, and turn a manipulandum). A vast majority (70%) of movement-related neurons exhibited increase of discharge in relation to all three movements, whereas only 16% were active in relation to one of the three movements. By contrast, about one-half of neurons in the MI were active in relation to a single movement. In both areas, the movement-related activity was similar regardless of whether the movements were selected by visual signals or by memory. 3. The study is the first to reveal involvement of claustral neurons in motor execution, and their activity property suggests that the way they are involved is different from that of MI neurons.

A V-Band Two Pole High-Pass Filter for Frequency Quadrupler Design

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Maryam Abata ◽  
Mahmoud Mehdi ◽  
Said Mazer ◽  
Moulhime El Bekkali ◽  
Catherine Algani
Keyword(s):  
Pass Filter ◽  
High Pass Filter ◽  
V Band ◽  
High Pass

Baseline-free sensor fault detection for piezoelectric array

2021 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2110188
Author(s):  
Qibo Mao ◽  
Yuande Wang ◽  
Shizuo Huang
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Frequency Response Function ◽  
Sensor Array ◽  
Piezoelectric Element ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Sensor Fault ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Sensor Fault Detection ◽  
High Pass

In this study, a new methodology is presented to detect the sensor fault for piezoelectric array based on the filtered frequency response function (FRF) shapes. The proposed method does not require prior knowledge about healthy piezoelectric array. First, the imaginary parts of FRFs from the piezoelectric array during vibration are measured and normalized to obtain the FRF shapes in different frequencies. Then the irregularities in these FRF shapes are extracted by using high-pass filter with properly chosen cut-off frequency. These abnormal irregularities on the filtered FRF shape curves indicate the location of the faulty sensor, due to the irregularity of FRF shapes introduced by the faulty piezoelectric element. The proposed sensor fault method is experimentally demonstrated on a clamped-clamped steel beam mounted with piezoelectric buzzer array. Two common piezoelectric sensor fault types including sensor breakage and debonding are evaluated. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method has great potential in the detection of the sensor fault for piezoelectric array as it is simple and does not require the FRF data of the healthy sensor array as a baseline.

scholarly journals High-Bandpass Filters in Electrocardiography: Source of Error in the Interpretation of the ST Segment

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Buendía-Fuentes ◽  
M. A. Arnau-Vives ◽  
A. Arnau-Vives ◽  
Y. Jiménez-Jiménez ◽  
J. Rueda-Soriano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Discrete Fourier Transforms ◽  
Real Time Mode ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
High Pass

Introduction. Artifactual variations in the ST segment may lead to confusion with acute coronary syndromes. Objective. To evaluate how the technical characteristics of the recording mode may distort the ST segment. Material and Method. We made a series of electrocardiograms using different filter configurations in 45 asymptomatic patients. A spectral analysis of the electrocardiograms was made by discrete Fourier transforms, and an accurate recomposition of the ECG signal was obtained from the addition of successive harmonics. Digital high-pass filters of 0.05 and 0.5 Hz were used, and the resulting shapes were compared with the originals. Results. In 42 patients (93%) clinically significant alterations in ST segment level were detected. These changes were only seen in “real time mode” with high-pass filter of 0.5 Hz. Conclusions. Interpretation of the ST segment in “real time mode” should only be carried out using high-pass filters of 0.05 Hz.

A New Stripline High Pass Filter Layout

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bilotti ◽  
L. Vegni ◽  
A. Toscano
Keyword(s):  
Pass Filter ◽  
High Pass Filter ◽  
High Pass

Ripple FPN reduced algorithm based on temporal high-pass filter and hardware implementation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyang Li ◽  
Shuo Li ◽  
Zhipeng Zhang ◽  
Weiqi Jin ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hardware Implementation ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
High Pass Filter ◽  
High Pass
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