scholarly journals Inoculation with a microbe isolated from the Negev Desert enhances corn growth

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Khan ◽  
Pilar Martínez-Hidalgo ◽  
Ethan A. Humm ◽  
Maskit Maymon ◽  
Drora Kaplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Negev Desert ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

AbstractCorn (Zea mays L.) is not only an important food source, but also has numerous uses, including for biofuels, fillers for cosmetics, glues, and so on. The amount of corn grown in the U.S. has significantly increased since the 1960s and with it, the demand for synthetic fertilizers and pesticides/fungicides to enhance its production. However, the downside of the continuous use of these products, especially N and P fertilizers, has been an increase in N2O emissions and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as well as run-off into waterways that fuel pollution and algal blooms. These approaches to agriculture, especially if exacerbated by climate change, will result in decreased soil health as well as human health. We searched for microbes from arid, native environments that are not being used for agriculture because we reasoned that indigenous microbes from such soils could promote plant growth and help restore degraded soils. Employing cultivation-dependent methods to isolate bacteria from the Negev Desert in Israel, we tested the effects of several microbial isolates on corn in both greenhouse and small field studies. One strain, Dietzia cinnamea 55, originally identified as Planomicrobium chinensis, significantly enhanced corn growth over the uninoculated control in both greenhouse and outside garden experiments. We sequenced and analyzed the genome of this bacterial species to elucidate some of the mechanisms whereby D. cinnamea 55 promoted plant growth. In addition, to ensure the biosafety of this previously unknown plant growth promoting bacterial (PGPB) strain as a potential bioinoculant, we tested the survival and growth of Caenorhabditis elegans (a test for virulence) in response to D. cinnamea 55. We also looked for genes for potential virulence determinants as well as for growth promotion.

scholarly journals 653 Use of Beneficial Rhizobacteria to Enhance Growth and Induce Systemic Disease Protection in Transplants

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 560C-560
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Kloepper ◽  
M.S. Reddy ◽  
Choon-min Ryu ◽  
John F. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Soil Effects

Use of beneficial rhizobacteria to enhance growth and induce systemic disease protection in transplants. Plant associated bacteria have been studied for the capacity to provide plant growth enhancement and biological disease control. “Rhizobacteria” are bacteria from the rhizosphere that have the capacity to colonize plant roots following introduction onto seeds or into soil. Effects of rhizobacteria on plants may be deleterious, neutral, or beneficial. Beneficial rhizobacteria are termed “PGPR—plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria.” In developmental studies aimed at reducing to practice the concept of induced systemic disease protection mediated by PGPR, we discovered that mixtures of PGPR and an organic amendment into the soilless media used to prepare tomato transplants resulted in highly significant and reproducible plant growth promotion. Time for development of transplants was typically reduced from 6 weeks for controls receiving industry standard fertility and growth regimes to 4 weeks for seedlings grown in soilless mix into which the PGPR had been incorporated. This marked growth promotion was also associated with systemic protection against pathogens. When transplants were inoculated with the tomato spot pathogen, significantly fewer lesions developed on plants grown in the biological system than on control plants. Similar effects on plant growth and systemic disease protection were seen with cucumber, bell pepper, and tobacco, suggesting that the benefits are not highly crop or cultivar specific. Results of recent field studies will be presented. We conclude that incorporation of PGPR into soilless mixes is a technologically useful and feasible way to deliver benefits to transplants.

scholarly journals Effects of two rhizobacteria inoculants on maize growth performance at different concentrations of glyphosate

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37
Author(s):  
P.O. Akintokun ◽  
E. Ezaka ◽  
A.K. Akintokun ◽  
O.A. Oyedele
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Screen House

The use of Rhizobacteria as biofertilizer is on the increase due to the ability of some of the bacteria to solubilize some insoluble essential nutrients in the soil and produce phytohormones necessary for plant growth. The effectiveness of two plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) in plant growth promotion at different concentrations of glyphosate were evaluated. Some agronomic parameters such as plant height, size of girth, number of leaves on the screen house and field were measured and recorded. The results of the effects of P. aeruginosa on the height of maize at different concentrations showed that the plants inoculated with the isolates and planted on the soil without glyphosate (control) recorded the highest height on the 2nd (34.9 cm), 4th (52.45 cm), 6th (61.17 cm) and 8th (66.25 cm) weeks after planting, when compared to those planted on the soil spiked with different concentrations of glyphosate. The effects of the isolates on the size of girth of maize on the soil spiked with different concentrations of glyphosate showed the highest girth size on the soil inoculated with P. aeruginosa eight weeks after planting (8 WAP) with a girth size of 2.0cm and least at 14.4 mg/ml of glyphosate with a girth size of 1.2 cm at 8 weeks after planting. Similar trend was observed on the soil inoculated with B. cereus (without glyphosate) with the highest girth in the 2nd and 4th WAP (1.02 and 1.42 cm, respectively). The results of our field studies showed no significant difference (P≤0.05) in the height and number of leaves of the maize at different treatments and time (weeks after planting). Similar trend was observed i n the yield of maize. This study has shown that these isolates can be useful as biofertilizers especially in the absence or at low concentration of glyphosate. Keywords: Rhizobacteria, maize, Inoculants, Plant-growth-promotion.

scholarly journals Bacterial community richness shifts the balance between volatile organic compound-mediated microbe–pathogen and microbe–plant interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1925) ◽  
pp. 20200403
Author(s):  
Waseem Raza ◽  
Jianing Wang ◽  
Alexandre Jousset ◽  
Ville-Petri Friman ◽  
Xinlan Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Pathogen Suppression

Even though bacteria are important in determining plant growth and health via volatile organic compounds (VOCs), it is unclear how these beneficial effects emerge in multi-species microbiomes. Here we studied this using a model plant–bacteria system, where we manipulated bacterial community richness and composition and determined the subsequent effects on VOC production and VOC-mediated pathogen suppression and plant growth-promotion. We assembled VOC-producing bacterial communities in different richness levels ranging from one to 12 strains using three soil-dwelling bacterial genera ( Bacillus , Paenibacillus and Pseudomonas ) and investigated how the composition and richness of bacterial community affect the production and functioning of VOCs. We found that VOC production correlated positively with pathogen suppression and plant growth promotion and that all bacteria produced a diverse set of VOCs. However, while pathogen suppression was maximized at intermediate community richness levels when the relative amount and the number of VOCs were the highest, plant growth promotion was maximized at low richness levels and was only affected by the relative amount of plant growth-promoting VOCs. The contrasting effects of richness could be explained by differences in the amount and number of produced VOCs and by opposing effects of community productivity and evenness on pathogen suppression and plant-growth promotion along the richness gradient. Together, these results suggest that the number of interacting bacterial species and the structure of the rhizosphere microbiome drive the balance between VOC-mediated microbe–pathogen and microbe–plant interactions potentially affecting plant disease outcomes in natural and agricultural ecosystems.

scholarly journals C4 Bacterial Volatiles Improve Plant Health

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Bruno Henrique Silva Dias ◽  
Sung-Hee Jung ◽  
Juliana Velasco de Castro Oliveira ◽  
Choong-Min Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Bacterial Volatiles

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) associated with plant roots can trigger plant growth promotion and induced systemic resistance. Several bacterial determinants including cell-wall components and secreted compounds have been identified to date. Here, we review a group of low-molecular-weight volatile compounds released by PGPR, which improve plant health, mostly by protecting plants against pathogen attack under greenhouse and field conditions. We particularly focus on C4 bacterial volatile compounds (BVCs), such as 2,3-butanediol and acetoin, which have been shown to activate the plant immune response and to promote plant growth at the molecular level as well as in large-scale field applications. We also disc/ uss the potential applications, metabolic engineering, and large-scale fermentation of C4 BVCs. The C4 bacterial volatiles act as airborne signals and therefore represent a new type of biocontrol agent. Further advances in the encapsulation procedure, together with the development of standards and guidelines, will promote the application of C4 volatiles in the field.

scholarly journals The Root Microbiome of Salicornia ramosissima as a Seedbank for Plant-Growth Promoting Halotolerant Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2233
Author(s):  
Maria J. Ferreira ◽  
Angela Cunha ◽  
Sandro Figueiredo ◽  
Pedro Faustino ◽  
Carla Patinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Crop Cultivation ◽  
Halotolerant Bacteria ◽  
Salicornia Ramosissima ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Root−associated microbial communities play important roles in the process of adaptation of plant hosts to environment stressors, and in this perspective, the microbiome of halophytes represents a valuable model for understanding the contribution of microorganisms to plant tolerance to salt. Although considered as the most promising halophyte candidate to crop cultivation, Salicornia ramosissima is one of the least-studied species in terms of microbiome composition and the effect of sediment properties on the diversity of plant-growth promoting bacteria associated with the roots. In this work, we aimed at isolating and characterizing halotolerant bacteria associated with the rhizosphere and root tissues of S. ramosissima, envisaging their application in saline agriculture. Endophytic and rhizosphere bacteria were isolated from wild and crop cultivated plants, growing in different estuarine conditions. Isolates were identified based on 16S rRNA sequences and screened for plant-growth promotion traits. The subsets of isolates from different sampling sites were very different in terms of composition but consistent in terms of the plant-growth promoting traits represented. Bacillus was the most represented genus and expressed the wider range of extracellular enzymatic activities. Halotolerant strains of Salinicola, Pseudomonas, Oceanobacillus, Halomonas, Providencia, Bacillus, Psychrobacter and Brevibacterium also exhibited several plant-growth promotion traits (e.g., 3-indole acetic acid (IAA), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, siderophores, phosphate solubilization). Considering the taxonomic diversity and the plant-growth promotion potential of the isolates, the collection represents a valuable resource that can be used to optimize the crop cultivation of Salicornia under different environmental conditions and for the attenuation of salt stress in non-halophytes, considering the global threat of arable soil salinization.

scholarly journals The Effects of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria with Biostimulant Features on the Growth of a Local Onion Cultivar and a Commercial Zucchini Variety

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 888
Author(s):  
Giorgia Novello ◽  
Patrizia Cesaro ◽  
Elisa Bona ◽  
Nadia Massa ◽  
Fabio Gosetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Onion Cultivar ◽  
Growth Promoting

The reduction of chemical inputs due to fertilizer and pesticide applications is a target shared both by farmers and consumers in order to minimize the side effects for human and environmental health. Among the possible strategies, the use of biostimulants has become increasingly important as demonstrated by the fast growth of their global market and by the increased rate of registration of new products. In this work, we assessed the effects of five bacterial strains (Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf4, P. putida S1Pf1, P. protegens Pf7, P. migulae 8R6, and Pseudomonas sp. 5Vm1K), which were chosen according to their previously reported plant growth promotion traits and their positive effects on fruit/seed nutrient contents, on a local onion cultivar and on zucchini. The possible variations induced by the inoculation with the bacterial strains on the onion nutritional components were also evaluated. Inoculation resulted in significant growth stimulation and improvement of the mineral concentration of the onion bulb, induced particularly by 5Vm1K and S1Pf1, and in different effects on the flowering of the zucchini plants according to the bacterial strain. The present study provides new information regarding the activity of the five plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) strains on onion and zucchini, two plant species rarely considered by the scientific literature despite their economic relevance.

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