scholarly journals Microtubule Nucleation by Single Human γTuRC in a Partly Open Asymmetric Conformation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Consolati ◽  
Julia Locke ◽  
Johanna Roostalu ◽  
Jayant Asthana ◽  
Wei Ming Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Microtubule Nucleation ◽  
Tirf Microscopy ◽  
Structural Asymmetry ◽  
Closed Conformation ◽  
The Core ◽  
Ring Complex ◽  
Kinetic Inhibition ◽  
Outer Perimeter

SUMMARYThe γ-tubulin ring complex (γTuRC) is the major microtubule nucleator in cells. However, the mechanism of its regulation is not understood. Here, we purified human γTuRC and quantitatively characterized its nucleation properties in a TIRF microscopy-based real-time nucleation assay. We find that microtubule nucleation by γTuRC is kinetically inhibited compared to microtubule elongation. Determining the cryo-EM structure of γTuRC at 4 Å resolution reveals an asymmetric conformation with only part of the complex in a ‘closed’ conformation matching the microtubule geometry. Several factors stabilise the closed conformation. One is actin in the core of the complex and others, likely MZT1 or MZT2, line the outer perimeter of the closed part of γTuRC. The opposed side of γTuRC is in an ‘open’, nucleation-incompetent conformation, leading to a structural asymmetry, explaining the kinetic inhibition of nucleation by human γTuRC. Our data suggest possible regulatory mechanisms for microtubule nucleation by γTuRC closure.

scholarly journals Microtubule nucleation without a ring?

2021 ◽  
Vol 220 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Merdes
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Microtubule Nucleation ◽  
Ring Complex

The native γ-tubulin ring complex is an asymmetric, imperfect template for microtubule nucleation. Wieczorek et al. (2021. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202009146) and Zimmermann et al. (2020. Sci. Adv.https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abe0894) have reconstituted a recombinant complex that allows study of structure–function relationships and regulatory mechanisms.

scholarly journals Combined Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Ovule Abortion Regulatory Mechanisms in the Female Sterile Line of Pinus tabuliformis Carr.

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3138
Author(s):  
Zaixin Gong ◽  
Rui Han ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Hailin Hu ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Ovule Development ◽  
Ovule Abortion ◽  
Pinus Tabuliformis ◽  
Wild Type Female ◽  
Fertile Line ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs

Ovule abortion is a common phenomenon in plants that has an impact on seed production. Previous studies of ovule and female gametophyte (FG) development have mainly focused on angiosperms, especially in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, because it is difficult to acquire information about ovule development in gymnosperms, this remains unclear. Here, we investigated the transcriptomic data of natural ovule abortion mutants (female sterile line, STE) and the wild type (female fertile line, FER) of Pinus tabuliformis Carr. to evaluate the mechanism of ovule abortion during the process of free nuclear mitosis (FNM). Using single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS), 18 cDNA libraries via Illumina and two normalized libraries via PacBio, with a total of almost 400,000 reads, were obtained. Our analysis showed that the numbers of isoforms and alternative splicing (AS) patterns were significantly variable between FER and STE. The functional annotation results demonstrate that genes involved in the auxin response, energy metabolism, signal transduction, cell division, and stress response were differentially expressed in different lines. In particular, AUX/IAA, ARF2, SUS, and CYCB had significantly lower expression in STE, showing that auxin might be insufficient in STE, thus hindering nuclear division and influencing metabolism. Apoptosis in STE might also have affected the expression levels of these genes. To confirm the transcriptomic analysis results, nine pairs were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. Taken together, these results provide new insights into ovule abortion in gymnosperms and further reveal the regulatory mechanisms of ovule development.

Malaria elimination in India requires additional surveillance mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Rahi ◽  
Payal Das ◽  
Amit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Malaria Elimination ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Malaria Surveillance ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Malaria Burden ◽  
The Core ◽  
Reporting Systems ◽  
Geographic Regions

Abstract Malaria surveillance is weak in high malaria burden countries. Surveillance is considered as one of the core interventions for malaria elimination. Impressive reductions in malaria-associated morbidity and mortality have been achieved across the globe, but sustained efforts need to be bolstered up to achieve malaria elimination in endemic countries like India. Poor surveillance data become a hindrance in assessing the progress achieved towards malaria elimination and in channelizing focused interventions to the hotspots. A major obstacle in strengthening India’s reporting systems is that the surveillance data are captured in a fragmented manner by multiple players, in silos, and is distributed across geographic regions. In addition, the data are not reported in near real-time. Furthermore, multiplicity of malaria data resources limits interoperability between them. Here, we deliberate on the acute need of updating India’s surveillance systems from the use of aggregated data to near real-time case-based surveillance. This will help in identifying the drivers of malaria transmission in any locale and therefore will facilitate formulation of appropriate interventional responses rapidly.

Transfusion Monitoring and Controlling System Based on Wireless Communication

2012 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 579-583
Author(s):  
Jiang Ma ◽  
Yu Qiao Wen ◽  
Ling Yan Du ◽  
Xiao Xiao Liang ◽  
Chong Gang Wei
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Wireless Transmission ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wireless Transceiver ◽  
Controlling System ◽  
Transceiver Module ◽  
Medical Accident

Transfusion monitoring and controlling system of wireless communication is designed for avoidance of medical accident due to inconsiderate care. This system is based on RS-485 bus protocol to build the communication network, consisting of master computer and slave computer. STM32F103R8T6 MCU is the core of the master computer, and MSP430F2132 MCU for slave computer. The wireless transmission of data between master computer and slave computer can be done by nRF905 wireless transceiver module. One new calculation of drop speed is used for better real-time displaying thereof. Provided that abnormal occurrence is during the transfusion, the transfusion tube will be closed by controlling order from system, in order to protect the patient.

The Design of ZigBee Wireless Network for the Detection Platform of the Cylinders

2012 ◽  
Vol 241-244 ◽  
pp. 2504-2509
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Qiao Xiang Gu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Wireless Network ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Protocol Stack ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Real Time Detection ◽  
Cable Connection

The equipment, called detection platform of the cylinders, is used for detecting cylinders so that cylinders can be at ease use. In order to transmit the real-time detection data to PC for further processing, the platform should be connected with PC. Cable connection, in some production and environmental conditions, is limited. Under the circumstance, building wireless network is the better choice. Through comparative studying, ZigBee is chosen to be the technology for building wireless network. ZigBee chip and ZigBee2006 protocol stack are the core components in the ZigBee nodes.

Design of Swimming Pool Temperature Dot Matrix Screen Display

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 2208-2211
Author(s):  
Xue Feng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Swimming Pool ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
The Core ◽  
Swimming Pool Water ◽  
Point Detection

According to the need of the real-time monitoring and displaying of the environment in many areas,to put forward a method of temperature monitoring and displaying, using STC11F32XE microcontroller as the core controller, DS18B20 as temperature acquisition chip, 32X64LED dot matrix screen as a display screen,using the mothod of multi point detection method,real-time monitoring of swimming pool water temperature and room temperature, real-time displaying of Multipoint collecting information, Real time processing the detected temperature, the page display to multipoint temperature display through the wireless remote control module,the system will alarm When the water temperature is too high or too low, to remind managers of real-time processing.To design a clear temperature display for the swimming pool,real time monitoring and controlling is very convenient,after the experimental verification, the system reaches the anticipative goal,the system is an ideal and effective.

Traffic Congestion Reduction and Accident Circumvention System via Incorporation of CAV and VANET

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-72
Author(s):  
Mohsin Khan ◽  
Bhavna Arora
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Discrete System ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
New Age ◽  
The Real ◽  
Automated Vehicle ◽  
The Core

Connected automated vehicle (CAV) technology is the core for the new age vehicles in research phase to communicate with one another and assimilation of vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) for the transference of data between vehicles at a quantified place and time. This manuscript is an enactment of the algorithms associated to the maintenance of secure distance amongst vehicles, lane shifting, and overtaking, which will diminish the occurrence of collisions and congestions especially phantom jams. Those implementations are centered over CAV and VANET technology for the interconnection of the vehicles and the data transmission. The data is associated to the aspects of a vehicle such as speed, position, acceleration, and acknowledgements, which acts as the fundamentals for the computation of variables. In accordance with the environment of a particular vehicle (i.e., its surrounding vehicles), real-time decisions are taken based on the real-time computation of the variables in a discrete system.

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