scholarly journals Correlated structure of neuronal firing in macaque visual cortex limits information for binocular depth discrimination

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson E. T. Smith ◽  
Andrew J. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Temporal Scale ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Depth Discrimination ◽  
Binocular Stereo ◽  
Integrative Processing ◽  
Visual Cortical ◽  
Binocular Depth

ABSTRACTVariability in cortical neural activity potentially limits sensory discriminations. Theoretical work shows that information required to discriminate two similar stimuli is limited by the correlation structure of cortical variability. We investigated these information-limiting correlations by recording simultaneously from visual cortical areas V1 and V4 in macaque monkeys, performing a binocular, stereo-depth discrimination task. Within both areas, noise correlations on a rapid temporal scale (20-30ms) were stronger for neuron-pairs with similar selectivity for binocular depth, meaning that these correlations potentially limit information for making the discrimination. Between-area correlations (V1 to V4) were different, being weaker for neuron pairs with similar tuning, and having a slower temporal scale (100+ms). Fluctuations in these information-limiting correlations just prior to the detection event were associated with changes in behavioural accuracy. Although these correlations limit the recovery of information about sensory targets, their impact may be curtailed by integrative processing of signals across multiple brain areas.

scholarly journals Correlated structure of neuronal firing in macaque visual cortex limits information for binocular depth discrimination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson Earle Tulonen Smith ◽  
Andrew J Parker
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Temporal Scale ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Depth Discrimination ◽  
Binocular Stereo ◽  
Integrative Processing ◽  
Visual Cortical ◽  
Binocular Depth

Variability in cortical neural activity potentially limits sensory discriminations. Theoretical work shows that information required to discriminate two similar stimuli is limited by the correlation structure of cortical variability. We investigated these information-limiting correlations by recording simultaneously from visual cortical areas V1 and V4 in macaque monkeys, performing a binocular, stereo-depth discrimination task. Within both areas, noise correlations on a rapid temporal scale (20-30ms) were stronger for neuron-pairs with similar selectivity for binocular depth, meaning that these correlations potentially limit information for making the discrimination. Between-area correlations (V1 to V4) were different, being weaker for neuron pairs with similar tuning, and having a slower temporal scale (100+ms). Fluctuations in these information-limiting correlations just prior to the detection event were associated with changes in behavioral accuracy. Although these correlations limit the recovery of information about sensory targets, their impact may be curtailed by integrative processing of signals across multiple brain areas.

Natural binocular depth discrimination behavior In mice explained by visual cortical activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard C. Boone ◽  
Jason M. Samonds ◽  
Emily C. Crouse ◽  
Carrie Barr ◽  
Nicholas J. Priebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Activity ◽  
Depth Discrimination ◽  
Visual Cortical ◽  
Binocular Depth

Engaging regularly with fiction influences connectivity in cortical areas for language and mentalizing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roel M. Willems ◽  
Franziska Hartung
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Social Abilities ◽  
Behavioral Evidence ◽  
Amount Of Reading

Behavioral evidence suggests that engaging with fiction is positively correlated with social abilities. The rationale behind this link is that engaging with fictional narratives offers a ‘training modus’ for mentalizing and empathizing. We investigated the influence of the amount of reading that participants report doing in their daily lives, on connections between brain areas while they listened to literary narratives. Participants (N=57) listened to two literary narratives while brain activation was measured with fMRI. We computed time-course correlations between brain regions, and compared the correlation values from listening to narratives to listening to reversed speech. The between-region correlations were then related to the amount of fiction that participants read in their daily lives. Our results show that amount of fiction reading is related to functional connectivity in areas known to be involved in language and mentalizing. This suggests that reading fiction influences social cognition as well as language skills.

Subcortical structures projecting to visual cortical areas in squirrel monkey

1982 ◽  
Vol 209 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Tigges ◽  
M. Tigges ◽  
N. A. Cross ◽  
R. L. McBride ◽  
W. D. Letbetter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squirrel Monkey ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Visual Cortical

scholarly journals Functional Specialization of Seven Mouse Visual Cortical Areas

Neuron ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 1040-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Marshel ◽  
Marina E. Garrett ◽  
Ian Nauhaus ◽  
Edward M. Callaway
Keyword(s):  
Functional Specialization ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Visual Cortical

scholarly journals Binocular depth discrimination and estimation beyond interaction space

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Allison ◽  
B. J. Gillam ◽  
E. Vecellio
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Space ◽  
Depth Discrimination ◽  
Binocular Depth

Hedonic-Specific Activity in Piriform Cortex During Odor Imagery Mimics That During Odor Perception

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 3254-3262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moustafa Bensafi ◽  
Noam Sobel ◽  
Rehan M. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Piriform Cortex ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Odor Perception ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Visual Cortical ◽  
Left Insula

Although it is known that visual imagery is accompanied by activity in visual cortical areas, including primary visual cortex, whether olfactory imagery exists remains controversial. Here we asked whether cue-dependent olfactory imagery was similarly accompanied by activity in olfactory cortex, and in particular whether hedonic-specific patterns of activity evident in olfactory perception would also be present during olfactory imagery. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure activity in subjects who alternated between smelling and imagining pleasant and unpleasant odors. Activity induced by imagining odors mimicked that induced by perceiving real odorants, not only in the particular brain regions activated, but also in its hedonic-specific pattern. For both real and imagined odors, unpleasant stimuli induced greater activity than pleasant stimuli in the left frontal portion of piriform cortex and left insula. These findings combine with findings from other modalities to suggest activation of primary sensory cortical structures during mental imagery of sensory events.

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