scholarly journals Novel patterns of complex structural variation revealed across thousands of cancer genome graphs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Hadi ◽  
Xiaotong Yao ◽  
Julie M. Behr ◽  
Aditya Deshpande ◽  
Charalampos Xanthopoulakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Variation ◽  
Fragile Sites ◽  
Dna Rearrangement ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Cancer Genomes ◽  
Complex Structural Variation ◽  
Computational Paradigm ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Genome Graph ◽  
Mutational Process

SummaryCancer genomes often harbor hundreds of somatic DNA rearrangement junctions, many of which cannot be easily classified into simple (e.g. deletion, translocation) or complex (e.g. chromothripsis, chromoplexy) structural variant classes. Applying a novel genome graph computational paradigm to analyze the topology of junction copy number (JCN) across 2,833 tumor whole genome sequences (WGS), we introduce three complex rearrangement phenomena: pyrgo, rigma, and tyfonas. Pyrgo are “towers” of low-JCN duplications associated with early replicating regions and superenhancers, and are enriched in breast and ovarian cancers. Rigma comprise “chasms” of low-JCN deletions at late-replicating fragile sites in esophageal and other gastrointestinal (GI) adenocarcinomas. Tyfonas are “typhoons” of high-JCN junctions and fold back inversions that are enriched in acral but not cutaneous melanoma and associated with a previously uncharacterized mutational process of non-APOBEC kataegis. Clustering of tumors according to genome graph-derived features identifies subgroups associated with DNA repair defects and poor prognosis.

scholarly journals A Complex Structural Variation on Chromosome 27 Leads to the Ectopic Expression of HOXB8 and the Muffs and Beard Phenotype in Chickens

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. e1006071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Guo ◽  
Xiaorong Gu ◽  
Zheya Sheng ◽  
Yanqiang Wang ◽  
Chenglong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Variation ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Complex Structural Variation ◽  
Complex Structural

scholarly journals Distinct Classes of Complex Structural Variation Uncovered across Thousands of Cancer Genome Graphs

Cell ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-210.e32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Hadi ◽  
Xiaotong Yao ◽  
Julie M. Behr ◽  
Aditya Deshpande ◽  
Charalampos Xanthopoulakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Variation ◽  
Cancer Genome ◽  
Complex Structural Variation ◽  
Complex Structural

DFT study of metal-complex structural variation on tensile force profiles

2012 ◽  
Vol 554 ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Christopher Rinderspacher ◽  
Jan W. Andzelm ◽  
Robert H. Lambeth
Keyword(s):  
Metal Complex ◽  
Structural Variation ◽  
Tensile Force ◽  
Dft Study ◽  
Complex Structural Variation ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Force Profiles

scholarly journals Defining the diverse spectrum of inversions, complex structural variation, and chromothripsis in the morbid human genome

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan L. Collins ◽  
Harrison Brand ◽  
Claire E. Redin ◽  
Carrie Hanscom ◽  
Caroline Antolik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Genome ◽  
Structural Variation ◽  
Complex Structural Variation ◽  
Complex Structural

scholarly journals Patterns of structural variation in human cancer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilong Li ◽  
Nicola D Roberts ◽  
Joachim Weischenfeldt ◽  
Jeremiah A Wala ◽  
Ofer Shapira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Structural Variation ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Structural Variants ◽  
Oncogenic Potential ◽  
Cancer Genomes ◽  
Rearrangement Processes ◽  
Tandem Duplications ◽  
Mutational Process

ABSTRACTA key mutational process in cancer is structural variation, in which rearrangements delete, amplify or reorder genomic segments ranging in size from kilobases to whole chromosomes. We developed methods to group, classify and describe structural variants, applied to >2,500 cancer genomes. Nine signatures of structural variation emerged. Deletions have trimodal size distribution; assort unevenly across tumour types and patients; enrich in late-replicating regions; and correlate with inversions. Tandem duplications also have trimodal size distribution, but enrich in early-replicating regions, as do unbalanced translocations. Replication-based mechanisms of rearrangement generate varied chromosomal structures with low-level copy number gains and frequent inverted rearrangements. One prominent structure consists of 1-7 templates copied from distinct regions of the genome strung together within one locus. Such ‘cycles of templated insertions’ correlate with tandem duplications, frequently activating the telomerase gene, TERT, in liver cancer. Cancers access many rearrangement processes, flexibly sculpting the genome to maximise oncogenic potential.

scholarly journals Paired-Duplication Signatures Mark Cryptic Inversions and Other Complex Structural Variation

2015 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrison Brand ◽  
Ryan L. Collins ◽  
Carrie Hanscom ◽  
Jill A. Rosenfeld ◽  
Vamsee Pillalamarri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Variation ◽  
Complex Structural Variation ◽  
Complex Structural

scholarly journals Genotyping complex structural variation at the malaria-associated human glycophorin locus using a PCR-based strategy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walid Algady ◽  
Eleanor Weyell ◽  
Daria Mateja ◽  
André Garcia ◽  
David Courtin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Structural Variation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Complex Structural Variation ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Human Glycophorin

AbstractStructural variation in the human genome can affect risk of disease. An example is a complex structural variant of the human glycophorin gene cluster, called DUP4, which is associated with a clinically-significant level of protection against severe malaria. The human glycophorin gene cluster harbours at least 23 distinct structural variants and accurate genotyping of this complex structural variation remains a challenge. Here, we use a PCR-based strategy to genotype structural variation at the human glycophorin gene cluster. We validate our approach, based on a triplex paralogue ratio test (PRT) combined with junction-fragment specific PCR, on publically-available samples from the 1000 Genomes project. We then genotype a longitudinal birth cohort using small amounts of DNA at low cost. Our approach readily identifies known deletions and duplications, and can potentially identify novel variants for further analysis. It will allow exploration of genetic variation at the glycophorin locus, and investigation of its relationship with malaria, in large sample sets at minimal cost, using standard molecular biology equipment.

scholarly journals Genotyping complex structural variation at the malaria‐associated human glycophorin locus using a PCR‐based strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Walid Algady ◽  
Eleanor Weyell ◽  
Daria Mateja ◽  
André Garcia ◽  
David Courtin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Variation ◽  
Complex Structural Variation ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Human Glycophorin

scholarly journals Detection of complex structural variation from paired-end sequencing data

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph G. Arthur ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
Alexander E. Urban ◽  
Wing Hung Wong
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Structural Variation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Structural Variants ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Complex Structural Variation ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Paired End Sequencing

AbstractDetecting structural variants (SVs) from sequencing data is key to genome analysis, but methods using standard whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data are typically incapable of resolving complex SVs with multiple co-located breakpoints. We introduce the ARC-SV method, which uses a probabilistic model to detect arbitrary local rearrangements from WGS data. Our method performs well on simple SVs while surpassing state-of-the-art methods in complex SV detection.

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