scholarly journals MACS: Rapid aqueous clearing system for three-dimensional mapping of intact organs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingtan Zhu ◽  
Tingting Yu ◽  
Yusha Li ◽  
Jianyi Xu ◽  
Yisong Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Volume Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional Mapping ◽  
Clearing System ◽  
Vascular Structures ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Tissue Optical Clearing ◽  
Clearing Method ◽  
Dimensional Mapping

Tissue optical clearing techniques have provided important tools for large-volume imaging. Aqueous-based clearing methods are known for good fluorescence preservation and scalable size maintenance, but are limited by either long incubation time, or insufficient clearing performance, or requirements for specialized devices. Additionally, due to the use of high concentration organic solvents or detergents, few clearing methods are compatible with lipophilic dyes while maintaining high clearing performance. To address these issues, we developed a rapid, highly efficient aqueous clearing method with robust compatibility, termed m-xylylenediamine (MXDA)-based Aqueous Clearing System (MACS). MACS can render intact organs highly transparent in a fairly short time and possesses ideal compatibility with multiple probes, especially for lipophilic dyes. Using MACS, we cleared the adult mouse brains within only 2.5 days for three-dimensional (3D) imaging of the neural structures labelled by various techniques. Combining MACS with DiI labelling, we visualized the vascular structures of various organs. MACS provides a useful tool for 3D mapping of intact tissues and is expected to facilitate morphological, physiological and pathological studies of various organs.

scholarly journals FDISCO: Advanced solvent-based clearing method for imaging whole organs

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. eaau8355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yisong Qi ◽  
Tingting Yu ◽  
Jianyi Xu ◽  
Peng Wan ◽  
Yilin Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rapid Quenching ◽  
Fluorescence Labeling ◽  
Vascular Networks ◽  
Three Dimensional Mapping ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Endogenous Fluorescence ◽  
Clearing Method ◽  
Dimensional Mapping

Various optical clearing methods have emerged as powerful tools for deep biological imaging. Organic solvent–based clearing methods, such as three-dimensional imaging of solvent-cleared organs (3DISCO), present the advantages of high clearing efficiency and size reduction for panoptic imaging of large samples such as whole organs and even whole bodies. However, 3DISCO results in a rapid quenching of endogenous fluorescence, which has impeded its application. Here, we propose an advanced method named FDISCO to overcome this limitation. FDISCO can effectively preserve the fluorescence of various fluorescent probes and can achieve a long storage time of months while retaining potent clearing capability. We used FDISCO for high-resolution imaging and reconstruction of neuronal and vascular networks. Moreover, FDISCO is compatible with labeling by multiple viruses and enables fine visualization of neurons with weak fluorescence labeling in the whole brain. FDISCO represents an effective alternative to the three-dimensional mapping of whole organs and can be extensively used in biomedical studies.

The Research of Virtual Assembly of Cotton Picker Roller Based on Virtual Reality

2010 ◽  
Vol 156-157 ◽  
pp. 496-499
Author(s):  
Wen Lei Sun ◽  
Yu Shan Cao ◽  
Wei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Virtual Assembly ◽  
Assembly Process ◽  
Software Environment ◽  
Virtual Scene ◽  
Mapping Software ◽  
Three Dimensional Mapping ◽  
Cotton Picker ◽  
Dimensional Mapping

This paper took the roller of a new cotton picker as the example, drew its various parts and assemblyed overally in the three-dimensional mapping software environment of UG, imported the models into the virtual reality assembly platform by the interface between UG and VAPlatform, added the virtual hand and carried through the virtual assembly in the virtual scene based on the certain assembly restriction in UG. The paper realized the visualization of the assembly path, offered the foundation for the feasible assembly path, and finally obtained the reasonable assembly process, provided a set of reasonable operation guide for the workers to assemble the cotton pickers.

scholarly journals Analysis of Te Inclusion Striations in (Cd,Zn)Te Crystals Grown by Traveling Heater Method

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 649
Author(s):  
Jiaona Zou ◽  
Alex Fauler ◽  
Alexander S. Senchenkov ◽  
Nikolai N. Kolesnikov ◽  
Michael Fiederle
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Mapping ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Te Inclusions ◽  
Rich Solution ◽  
Traveling Heater Method ◽  
Periodic Temperature ◽  
Dimensional Mapping

The growth of (Cd,Zn)Te (CZT) crystals and the improvement of the crystal quality are part of a research project towards experiments under microgravity using the Traveling Heater Method (THM). In order to determine the experimental parameters, we performed a detailed ground-based program. Three CZT crystals with a nominal Zn content of 10% were grown using THM from a Te-rich solution. The size and distribution of the Te inclusions were evaluated by transmission infrared microscopy (IR). From the three-dimensional mapping of the inclusions, we observed striation-like patterns in all of the crystals. The correlation between the growth parameters and the formation of these striations was explored and discussed. We found that the inclusion striations are related to periodic temperature variations.

scholarly journals Prospects of the WSR-88D Radar for Cloud Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 859-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery M. Melnikov ◽  
Dusan S. Zrnić ◽  
Richard J. Doviak ◽  
Phillip B. Chilson ◽  
David B. Mechem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Doppler Velocity ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Three Dimensional Mapping ◽  
Spectrum Width ◽  
Differential Reflectivity ◽  
Dimensional Mapping

AbstractSounding of nonprecipitating clouds with the 10-cm wavelength Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) is discussed. Readily available enhancements to signal processing and volume coverage patterns of the WSR-88D allow observations of a variety of clouds with reflectivities as low as −25 dBZ (at a range of 10 km). The high sensitivity of the WSR-88D, its wide velocity and unambiguous range intervals, and the absence of attenuation allow accurate measurements of the reflectivity factor, Doppler velocity, and spectrum width fields in clouds to ranges of about 50 km. Fields of polarimetric variables in clouds, observed with a research polarimetric WSR-88D, demonstrate an abundance of information and help to resolve Bragg and particulate scatter. The scanning, Doppler, and polarimetric capabilities of the WSR-88D allow real-time, three-dimensional mapping of cloud processes, such as transformations of hydrometeors between liquid and ice phases. The presence of ice particles is revealed by high differential reflectivities and the lack of correlation between reflectivity and differential reflectivity in clouds in contrast to that found for rain. Pockets of high differential reflectivities are frequently observed in clouds; maximal values of differential reflectivity exceed 8 dB, far above the level observed in rain. The establishment of the WSR-88D network consisting of 157 polarimetric radars can be used to collect cloud data at any radar site, making the network a potentially powerful tool for climatic studies.

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