scholarly journals Broadband Signal Rather than Frequency-Specific Rhythms Underlies Prediction Error in the Primate Auditory Cortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Canales-Johnson ◽  
Ana Filipa Teixeira Borges ◽  
Misako Komatsu ◽  
Naotaka Fujii ◽  
Johannes Jacobus Fahrenfort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Error Response ◽  
Neuronal Populations ◽  
Broadband Signal ◽  
Spectral Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Oscillatory Rhythms

SummaryDetection of statistical irregularities, measured as a prediction error response, is fundamental to the perceptual monitoring of the environment. We studied whether prediction error response is generated by neural oscillations or asynchronous neuronal firing. Electrocorticography (ECoG) was carried out in three monkeys, who passively listened to the auditory roving oddball stimuli. Local field potentials (LFP) recorded over the auditory cortex underwent spectral principal component analysis, which decoupled broadband and rhythmic components of LFP signal. We found that broadband component generated prediction error response, whereas none of the rhythmic components encoded statistical irregularities of sounds. The broadband component displayed more stochastic, asymmetrical multifractal properties than the rhythmic components, which revealed more self-similar dynamics. We thus conclude that the prediction error response is encoded by asynchronous neuronal populations, defined by irregular dynamical states which, unlike oscillatory rhythms, appear to enable the neural representation of auditory prediction error response.

scholarly journals Disparity in interaural time difference improves the accuracy of neural representations of individual concurrent narrowband sounds in rat inferior colliculus and auditory cortex

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 695-706
Author(s):  
Lu Luo ◽  
Na Xu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liang Li
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Inferior Colliculus ◽  
Interaural Time Difference ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Time Difference ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Neural Segregation ◽  
Peripheral Auditory System

The central mechanisms underlying binaural unmasking for spectrally overlapping concurrent sounds, which are unresolved in the peripheral auditory system, remain largely unknown. In this study, frequency-following responses (FFRs) to two binaurally presented independent narrowband noises (NBNs) with overlapping spectra were recorded simultaneously in the inferior colliculus (IC) and auditory cortex (AC) in anesthetized rats. The results showed that for both IC FFRs and AC FFRs, introducing an interaural time difference (ITD) disparity between the two concurrent NBNs enhanced the representation fidelity, reflected by the increased coherence between the responses evoked by double-NBN stimulation and the responses evoked by single NBNs. The ITD disparity effect varied across frequency bands, being more marked for higher frequency bands in the IC and lower frequency bands in the AC. Moreover, the coherence between IC responses and AC responses was also enhanced by the ITD disparity, and the enhancement was most prominent for low-frequency bands and the IC and the AC on the same side. These results suggest a critical role of the ITD cue in the neural segregation of spectrotemporally overlapping sounds. NEW & NOTEWORTHY When two spectrally overlapped narrowband noises are presented at the same time with the same sound-pressure level, they mask each other. Introducing a disparity in interaural time difference between these two narrowband noises improves the accuracy of the neural representation of individual sounds in both the inferior colliculus and the auditory cortex. The lower frequency signal transformation from the inferior colliculus to the auditory cortex on the same side is also enhanced, showing the effect of binaural unmasking.

scholarly journals Broadband Dynamics Rather than Frequency-Specific Rhythms Underlie Prediction Error in the Primate Auditory Cortex

2021 ◽  
pp. JN-RM-0367-21
Author(s):  
Andrés Canales-Johnson ◽  
Ana Filipa Teixeira Borges ◽  
Misako Komatsu ◽  
Naotaka Fujii ◽  
Johannes J. Fahrenfort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Prediction Error

scholarly journals Cortical Representations of Speech in a Multi-talker Auditory Scene

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna C. Puvvada ◽  
Jonathan Z. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Auditory Scene ◽  
Global Representation ◽  
Stimulus Reconstruction ◽  
Background Object ◽  
Cortical Representations

AbstractThe ability to parse a complex auditory scene into perceptual objects is facilitated by a hierarchical auditory system. Successive stages in the hierarchy transform an auditory scene of multiple overlapping sources, from peripheral tonotopically-based representations in the auditory nerve, into perceptually distinct auditory-objects based representation in auditory cortex. Here, using magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings from human subjects, both men and women, we investigate how a complex acoustic scene consisting of multiple speech sources is represented in distinct hierarchical stages of auditory cortex. Using systems-theoretic methods of stimulus reconstruction, we show that the primary-like areas in auditory cortex contain dominantly spectro-temporal based representations of the entire auditory scene. Here, both attended and ignored speech streams are represented with almost equal fidelity, and a global representation of the full auditory scene with all its streams is a better candidate neural representation than that of individual streams being represented separately. In contrast, we also show that higher order auditory cortical areas represent the attended stream separately, and with significantly higher fidelity, than unattended streams. Furthermore, the unattended background streams are more faithfully represented as a single unsegregated background object rather than as separated objects. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the progression of the representations and processing of a complex acoustic scene up through the hierarchy of human auditory cortex.Significance StatementUsing magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings from human listeners in a simulated cocktail party environment, we investigate how a complex acoustic scene consisting of multiple speech sources is represented in separate hierarchical stages of auditory cortex. We show that the primary-like areas in auditory cortex use a dominantly spectro-temporal based representation of the entire auditory scene, with both attended and ignored speech streams represented with almost equal fidelity. In contrast, we show that higher order auditory cortical areas represent an attended speech stream separately from, and with significantly higher fidelity than, unattended speech streams. Furthermore, the unattended background streams are represented as a single undivided background object rather than as distinct background objects.

scholarly journals Neural Representation of Concurrent Vowels in Macaque Primary Auditory Cortex

eNeuro ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. ENEURO.0071-16.2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonatan I. Fishman ◽  
Christophe Micheyl ◽  
Mitchell Steinschneider
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Neural Representation

scholarly journals Demixed principal component analysis of neural population data

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Kobak ◽  
Wieland Brendel ◽  
Christos Constantinidis ◽  
Claudia E Feierstein ◽  
Adam Kepecs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Neural Population ◽  
Population Activity ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Dimensionality Reduction Technique ◽  
Single Figure

Neurons in higher cortical areas, such as the prefrontal cortex, are often tuned to a variety of sensory and motor variables, and are therefore said to display mixed selectivity. This complexity of single neuron responses can obscure what information these areas represent and how it is represented. Here we demonstrate the advantages of a new dimensionality reduction technique, demixed principal component analysis (dPCA), that decomposes population activity into a few components. In addition to systematically capturing the majority of the variance of the data, dPCA also exposes the dependence of the neural representation on task parameters such as stimuli, decisions, or rewards. To illustrate our method we reanalyze population data from four datasets comprising different species, different cortical areas and different experimental tasks. In each case, dPCA provides a concise way of visualizing the data that summarizes the task-dependent features of the population response in a single figure.

scholarly journals Evidence of absence: no relationship between behaviourally measured prediction error response and schizotypy

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara S. Humpston ◽  
Lisa H. Evans ◽  
Christoph Teufel ◽  
Niklas Ihssen ◽  
David E. J. Linden
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Error ◽  
Error Response ◽  
Evidence Of Absence

Increased neuronal firing in the rat auditory cortex associated with preparatory set

1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshikazu Shinba ◽  
Michihisa Sumi ◽  
Akira Iwanami ◽  
Nobuyuki Ozawa ◽  
Ken-Ichi Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Preparatory Set

scholarly journals Differential neural representation of oral ethanol by central taste-sensitive neurons in ethanol-preferring and genetically heterogeneous rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 3145-3156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian H. Lemon ◽  
David M. Wilson ◽  
Susan M. Brasser
Keyword(s):  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Ethanol Preference ◽  
Spike Density ◽  
Oral Responses ◽  
Electrophysiological Recordings ◽  
Oral Sensory ◽  
Line P

In randomly bred rats, orally applied ethanol stimulates neural substrates for appetitive sweet taste. To study associations between ethanol's oral sensory characteristics and genetically mediated ethanol preference, we made electrophysiological recordings of oral responses (spike density) by taste-sensitive nucleus tractus solitarii neurons in anesthetized selectively bred ethanol-preferring (P) rats and their genetically heterogeneous Wistar (W) control strain. Stimuli (25 total) included ethanol [3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 25%, and 40% (vol/vol)], a sucrose series (0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 1 M), and other sweet, salt, acidic, and bitter stimuli; 50 P and 39 W neurons were sampled. k-means clustering applied to the sucrose response series identified cells showing high (S1) or relatively low (S0) sensitivity to sucrose. A three-way factorial analysis revealed that activity to ethanol was influenced by a neuron's sensitivity to sucrose, ethanol concentration, and rat line ( P = 0.01). Ethanol produced concentration-dependent responses in S1 neurons that were larger than those in S0 cells. Although responses to ethanol by S1 cells did not differ between lines, neuronal firing rates to ethanol in S0 cells increased across concentration only in P rats. Correlation and multivariate analyses revealed that ethanol evoked responses in W neurons that were strongly and selectively associated with activity to sweet stimuli, whereas responses to ethanol by P neurons were not easily associated with activity to representative sweet, sodium salt, acidic, or bitter stimuli. These findings show differential central neural representation of oral ethanol between genetically heterogeneous rats and P rats genetically selected to prefer alcohol.

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