scholarly journals Molecular identification of the Trypanosoma (Herpetosoma) lewisi clade in black rats (Rattus rattus) from Australia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhon L. Egan ◽  
Casey L. Taylor ◽  
Jill M. Austen ◽  
Peter B. Banks ◽  
Liisa A. Ahlstrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Trypanosoma Lewisi ◽  
Sydney Australia ◽  
Black Rats

AbstractInvasive rodent species are known hosts for a diverse range of infectious microorganisms and have long been associated with the spread of disease globally. The present study describes molecular evidence for the presence of a Trypanosoma sp. from black rats (Rattus rattus) in northern Sydney, Australia. Sequences of the 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) locus were obtained in two out of eleven (18%) blood samples with subsequent phylogenetic analysis confirming the identity within the Trypanosoma lewisi clade.

Ceriporia albomellea (Phanerochaetaceae, Basidiomycota), a new species from tropical China based on morphological and molecular evidences

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 298 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUAN YUAN ◽  
XIAO-HONG JI ◽  
FANG WU ◽  
JIA-JIA CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Tropical China ◽  
A New Species

A new polypore, Ceriporia albomellea, collected from tropical China, is described and illustrated based on morphological characteristics and molecular evidence. It is characterized by thin, resupinate basidiome with a white subiculum, cottony margin, white to cinnamon-buff pores, clavate cystidia and oblong-ellipsoid basidiospores measured as 3.1–3.8 × 1.7–2 µm. Phylogenetic analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and nuclear large subunit (nLSU) ribosomal RNA gene regions supported C. albomellea as a distinctive species belonging to Ceriporia.

Daedalea americana sp. nov. (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) evidenced by morphological characters and phylogenetic analysis

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 204 (4) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
MEI LING HAN ◽  
JOSEF VLASÁK ◽  
BAO KAI CUI
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Central America ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Pore Surface ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Brown Band

A new polypore, Daedalea americana, collected from North and Central America, is described and illustrated based on morphological characters and molecular evidence. It is characterized by annual and pileate basidiocarps, grayish brown with brown to cinnamon brown band and concentrically zonate pileal surface when fresh, cream to clay-pink pore surface, circular to angular pores (4–5 per mm) and ellipsoid basidiospores measured as 4.0–5.1 × 2.1–3.0 µm. Phylogenetic analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and nuclear large subunit (nLSU) ribosomal RNA gene regions support D. americana as a distinctive species belonging to Daedalea.

A new species of Skeletocutis (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) from Yunnan of China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 270 (4) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
LU-SEN BIAN ◽  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO ◽  
FANG WU
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Polyporales, named as Skeletocutis yunnanensis, was collected on angiosperm wood in northern Yunnan Province, southwestern China. It is described based on morphological characteristics and molecular evidence. The species belongs to the Skeletocutis subincarnata complex, but differs morphologically from all known species of the genus by white, cream to buff pores surface, angular pores mostly 5–6 per mm with entire mouths, a dimitic hyphal structure both in trama and subiculum, generative hyphae in whole basidiocarps covered by fine crystals, skeletal hyphae unchanged in KOH, not agglutinated, allantoid basidiospores measured as 3.5–4.5 × 1.0–1.2 µm, and growth on angiosperm wood. Phylogenetic analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and nuclear large subunit (nLSU) ribosomal RNA gene regions indicated that the new species grouped with Skeletocutis and nested in the tyromyces clade.

Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of Wuchereria bancrofti from human blood samples in Egypt

2017 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman R. Abdel-Shafi ◽  
Eman Y. Shoieb ◽  
Samar S. Attia ◽  
José M. Rubio ◽  
Thuy-Huong Ta-Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Wuchereria Bancrofti ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Human Blood Samples

scholarly journals Litomosoides sp. (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) Infection in Frugivorous Bats (Artibeus spp.): Pathological Features, Molecular Evidence, and Prevalence

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Emilio Rendón-Franco ◽  
Osvaldo López-Díaz ◽  
Fernando Martínez-Hernández ◽  
Guiehdani Villalobos ◽  
Claudia Irais Muñoz-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Related Species ◽  
New Record ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Artibeus Jamaicensis ◽  
Neotropical Bats ◽  
Artibeus Lituratus

Bats can host pathogenic organisms such as viruses and fungi, but little is known about the pathogenicity of their parasites. Hemoparasites are frequently recorded in Neotropical bats, particularly Litomosoides (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae), but their pathogenic effect on bats is scarcely known. In this work, Litomosoides microfilariae were identified in four (8%) out of 51 sampled frugivorous bats belonging to three different species: Artibeus aztecus, Artibeus jamaicensis, and Artibeus lituratus, which are located in Yautepec, Morelos, Mexico. Two infected animals showed weakness, tachypnoea, and ecchymosis on their wings. In these animals, histopathology revealed microfilariae in the blood vessels of the lung, liver, and spleen. Both animals presented exudative pneumonia with congestion and concomitant edema, in addition to moderate arterial hypertrophy. Parasitemia was quantified in blood samples of the infected animals (>3000 parasites/mL). Phylogenetic analysis placed the obtained sequence inside the Litomosoides genus, reaching over 98% identity to the related species. Due to the relevance of bats in ecosystems, any new record of their parasite repertoire offers noteworthy insights into our understanding of the ecology and impact of new parasite species in bats.

scholarly journals Molecular identification of the Trypanosoma (Herpetosoma) lewisi clade in black rats (Rattus rattus) from Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 1691-1696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhon L. Egan ◽  
Casey L. Taylor ◽  
Jill M. Austen ◽  
Peter B. Banks ◽  
Liisa A. Ahlstrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Black Rats

scholarly journals Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of Trypanosoma evansi in dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) from Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-305
Author(s):  
Somayeh Bahrami ◽  
◽  
Ali R. Alborzi ◽  
Saeid Rahimi Esfahsalari ◽  
Zahra Ziafati
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Smear Examination ◽  
The World ◽  
Pcr Method

Surra is of great concern to countries in the world such as Iran, which have a considerable camel population. The present study was aimed at determining the prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi in the camels of Iran. A total of 167 blood samples from farmed camels were examined for the presence of T. evansi infection using parasitological and molecular methods. Blood smear examination revealed 10 (6%) positive samples, while the PCR method 14 (8.4%) found positive samples. Age, sex, and region were not determined as risk factors for T. evansi infection in this study. The phylogenetic tree inferred from VSG gene sequences of T. evansi clearly separated the sequences of this study into two clades, A and B, which reflects the intrasequence heterogeneity among Iranian isolates. The phylogenetic tree showed that Iranian T. evansi strains are members of the T. brucei clade.

A review of the evidence for potential impacts of black rats (Rattus rattus) on wildlife and humans in Australia

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter B. Banks ◽  
Nelika K. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Ecological Role ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Island Ecosystems ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Black Rat ◽  
Global Evidence ◽  
Black Rats

The black rat (Rattus rattus) is among the world’s worst invasive species, having spread across the globe in close association with the spread of human settlement. It is the source of some of the worst diseases affecting humans and is thought to have had a devastating impact on native wildlife, especially in island ecosystems. Black rat is likely to have arrived in Australia with the first European settlers, making it among the first of many alien species to invade the continent, and it is now widespread. Yet, its impacts on local wildlife have largely been overlooked. Here, we review the potential for black rat impacts in Australia in terms of its role as a source of disease and threats to wildlife and humans. We first summarise the global evidence for black rat impacts as background to the potential threats it poses and then focus specifically on emerging evidence available for Australian systems. We found a significant gap in our understanding of the ecology of black rats and the ecological role that it plays in Australia. This is despite its role as a source of a diverse range of diseases affecting humans and wildlife and its actions as a predator and competitor of native wildlife in Australia and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host of Bartonella spp. in Chile

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucila Moreno Salas ◽  
Mario Espinoza-Carniglia ◽  
Nicol Lizama Schmeisser ◽  
L. Gonzalo Torres ◽  
María Carolina Silva-de la Fuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Black Rats

Background Rattus rattus is a widely distributed, invasive species that presents an important role in disease transmission, either directly or through vector arthropods such as fleas. These black rats can transmit a wide variety of pathogens, including bacteria of the genus Bartonella, which can cause diseases in humans and animals. In Chile, no data are available identifying fleas from synanthropic rodents as Bartonella vectors. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Bartonella spp. in the fleas of R. rattus in areas with different climate conditions and featuring different human population densities. Methods In all, 174 fleas collected from 261 R. rattus captured from 30 localities with different human densities (cities, villages, and wild areas) across five hydrographic zones of Chile (hyper-arid, arid, semi-arid, sub-humid, and hyper-humid) were examined. Bartonella spp. presence was determined through polymerase chain reaction, using gltA and rpoB genes, which were concatenated to perform a similarity analysis with BLAST and phylogenetic analysis. Results Overall, 15 fleas species were identified; Bartonella gltA and rpoB fragments were detected in 21.2% (37/174) and 19.5% (34/174) of fleas, respectively. A total of 10 of the 15 fleas species found were positive for Bartonella DNA. Leptopsylla segnis was the most commonly collected flea species (n = 55), and it also presented a high prevalence of Bartonella DNA (P% = 34.5%). The highest numbers of fleas of this species were collected in villages of the arid zone. There were no seasonal differences in the prevalence of Bartonella DNA. The presence of Bartonella DNA in fleas was recorded in all hydrographic areas, and the arid zone presented the highest prevalence of this species. Regarding areas with different human densities, the highest prevalence was noted in the villages (34.8% gltA and 31.8% rpoB), followed by cities (14.8% gltA and 11.1% rpoB) and wild areas (7.4% gltA and 14.8% rpoB). The BLAST analysis showed a high similitude (>96%) with four uncharacterized Bartonella genotypes and with two species with zoonotic potential: B. mastomydis and B. tribocorum. The phylogenetic analysis showed a close relationship with B. elizabethae and B. tribocorum. This is the first study to provide evidence of the presence of Bartonella in fleas of R. rattus in Chile, indicating that the villages and arid zone correspond to areas with higher infection risk.

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