scholarly journals Efficacy of chronic ultrasound neurostimulation on behaviors and distributed brain metabolism in depressive-like mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Legrand ◽  
Laurent Galineau ◽  
Anthony Novell ◽  
Barbara Planchez ◽  
Bruno Brizard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Transcranial Ultrasound ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method

AbstractMajor depression is one of the main factors contributing to the Global Burden of Disease. Current treatment strategies (e.g., antidepressants and neurostimulation techniques) of major depression show some limitations including inaccuracy and invasiveness. Ultrasound neurostimulation (USNS) has been recently introduced as a physical non-invasive method for brain tissue stimulation and has gained increasing interest. In this study, we sought to evaluate the efficacy of transcranial USNS in an unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mouse model. The results show that transcranial USNS of the infralimbic cortex reduced anxiety-related behaviors as well as some, but not all, depression-related parameters. [18F]-FDG microPET imaging and brain metabolomic analyses showed that USNS triggered the activation of targeted brain region in addition to brain areas at a distance from the targeted zone, alleviating anxiety and depression-related behaviors induced by the UCMS regimen. Transcranial ultrasound neurostimulation show therapeutic potential in some aspects of major depression.

S.27.03 Decreased VGLUT1 levels and long-term chronic mild stress: animal models addressing specific aspects of major depression

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. S214-S215
Author(s):  
R.M. Tordera ◽  
A.L. Garcia-Garcia ◽  
N. Elizalde ◽  
E. Vénzala ◽  
M.J. Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Mild Stress

scholarly journals Extracellular Vesicles as a Potential Therapy for Neonatal Conditions: State of the Art and Challenges in Clinical Translation

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea C. Matei ◽  
Lina Antounians ◽  
Augusto Zani
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Paracrine Signaling ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Different Sources

Despite advances in intensive care, several neonatal conditions typically due to prematurity affect vital organs and are associated with high mortality and long-term morbidities. Current treatment strategies for these babies are only partially successful or are effective only in selected patients. Regenerative medicine has been shown to be a promising option for these conditions at an experimental level, but still warrants further exploration for the development of optimal treatment. Although stem cell-based therapy has emerged as a treatment option, studies have shown that it is associated with potential risks and hazards, especially in the fragile population of babies. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as an attractive therapeutic alternative that holds great regenerative potential and is cell-free. EVs are nanosized particles endogenously produced by cells that mediate intercellular communication through the transfer of their cargo. Currently, EVs are garnering considerable attention as they are the key effectors of stem cell paracrine signaling and can epigenetically regulate target cell genes through the release of RNA species, such as microRNA. Herein, we review the emerging literature on the therapeutic potential of EVs derived from different sources for the treatment of neonatal conditions that affect the brain, retinas, spine, lungs, and intestines and discuss the challenges for the translation of EVs into clinical practice.

scholarly journals Liver Fibrosis: Causes and Methods of Assessment, A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Erfani Karimzadeh Toosi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Hepatic Dysfunction ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Past ◽  
Invasive Method

AbstractHepatic fibrogenesis is the final result of injury to the liver. Fibrosis could lead to hepatic dysfunction, important in the pathogenesis of other chronic problems. Therefore, understanding the mechanism, accurate diagnosis and staging of it in early stages accelerates the treatment and reduces the prevalence of chirrosis. Treatment strategies of liver problems and detction methods depend on the amount and progression of liver fibrosis and the rate of cirrhosis development. Traditionally the invasive method, liver biopsy, is reference standard to follow progression and stage of fibrosis. However, during the past decade, progressive development of novel non-invasive methodologies has challenged the invasive method. Non-invasive methods have been initially introduced for chronic hepatitis C with increasing use in other chronic liver diseases. The need for liver biopsy has nowadays decreased significantly as a result of these methodologies. Most of the new non-invasive methods depend on either ‘biological’ or ‘physical’ approaches.In this review, starting from the mechanism of fibrogenesis, the current knowledge about diagnosis, treatment strategies and different methods for its evaluation is discussed. This is followed by a conclusion on what is expected to be known in this field during the future research.

scholarly journals Sphenopalatine ganglion neuromodulation in migraine: What is the rationale?

Cephalalgia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Khan ◽  
Jean Schoenen ◽  
Messoud Ashina
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Sphenopalatine Ganglion ◽  
Conjunctival Injection ◽  
Autonomic Symptoms ◽  
Parasympathetic Ganglion

Objective The objective of this article is to review the prospect of treating migraine with sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) neurostimulation. Background Fuelled by preliminary studies showing a beneficial effect in cluster headache patients, the potential of treating migraine with neurostimulation has gained increasing interest within recent years, as current treatment strategies often fail to provide adequate relief from this debilitating headache. Common migraine symptoms include lacrimation, nasal congestion, and conjunctival injection, all parasympathetic manifestations. In addition, studies have suggested that parasympathetic activity may also contribute to the pain of migraineurs. The SPG is the largest extracranial parasympathetic ganglion of the head, innervating the meninges, lacrimal gland, nasal mucosa, and conjunctiva, all structures involved in migraine with cephalic autonomic symptoms. Conclusion We propose two possible mechanisms of action: 1) interrupting the post-ganglionic parasympathetic outflow to inhibit the pain and cephalic autonomic symptoms, and 2) modulating the sensory processing in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis. To further explore SPG stimulation in migraineurs as regards therapeutic potential and mode of action, randomized clinical trials are warranted.

Changes in Medial Knee Contact Force Through Gait Modification

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison L. Hall ◽  
Thor F. Besier ◽  
Amy Silder ◽  
Scott L. Delp ◽  
Darryl D. D’Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Force ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Medial Compartment ◽  
Knee Adduction Moment ◽  
Medial Knee ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Trunk Sway ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Gait Modification ◽  
External Knee Adduction Moment

The development of medial knee osteoarthritis (OA) has been attributed to overloading of the medial compartment articular cartilage [1]. Therefore, treatment strategies are often focused on reducing medial compartment loads. Gait modification represents a non-invasive method for achieving this goal. Previous studies have shown that a variety of gait modifications (e.g., toeing out, increased medial-lateral trunk sway, walking with medialized knees (i.e., medial thrust gait)) are effective in reducing the external knee adduction moment [e.g., 2–4]. Although the external knee adduction moment is often used as a surrogate measure of medial compartment force, a recent study showed that reductions in the external knee adduction moment do not guarantee reductions in medial compartment force [5]. Therefore, direct measurements of changes in medial contact force are important for determining the effectiveness of gait modifications.

Cardiac amyloidosis: non-invasive diagnosis and current treatment strategies

2010 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-231
Author(s):  
FM Lodge ◽  
SW Dubrey ◽  
J Collinson ◽  
SK Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Amyloidosis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive
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