scholarly journals Reliability of single-subject neural activation patterns in speech production tasks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul A. Frankford ◽  
Alfonso Nieto-Castañón ◽  
Jason A. Tourville ◽  
Frank H. Guenther
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Activation Patterns

AbstractSpeech neuroimaging research targeting individual speakers could help elucidate differences that may be crucial to understanding speech disorders. However, this research necessitates reliable brain activation across multiple speech production sessions. In the present study, we evaluated the reliability of speech-related brain activity measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging data from twenty neuro-typical subjects who participated in two experiments involving reading aloud simple speech stimuli. Using traditional methods like the Dice and intraclass correlation coefficients, we found that most individuals displayed moderate to high reliability. We also found that a novel machine-learning subject classifier could identify these individuals by their speech activation patterns with 97% accuracy from among a dataset of seventy-five subjects. These results suggest that single-subject speech research would yield valid results and that investigations into the reliability of speech activation in people with speech disorders are warranted.

scholarly journals Reliability of single-subject neural activation patterns in speech production tasks

2021 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 104881
Author(s):  
Saul A. Frankford ◽  
Alfonso Nieto-Castañón ◽  
Jason A. Tourville ◽  
Frank H. Guenther
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Activation Patterns

scholarly journals Is there a relationship between the overhead press and split jerk maximum performance? Influence of sex

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110204
Author(s):  
Marcos A Soriano ◽  
G Gregory Haff ◽  
Paul Comfort ◽  
Francisco J Amaro-Gahete ◽  
Antonio Torres-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Maximum Performance ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients

The aims of this study were to (I) determine the differences and relationship between the overhead press and split jerk performance in athletes involved in weightlifting training, and (II) explore the magnitude of these differences in one-repetition maximum (1RM) performances between sexes. Sixty-one men (age: 30.4 ± 6.7 years; height: 1.8 ± 0.5 m; body mass 82.5 ± 8.5 kg; weightlifting training experience: 3.7 ± 3.5 yrs) and 21 women (age: 29.5 ± 5.2 yrs; height: 1.7 ± 0.5 m; body mass: 62.6 ± 5.7 kg; weightlifting training experience: 3.0 ± 1.5 yrs) participated. The 1RM performance of the overhead press and split jerk were assessed for all participants, with the overhead press assessed on two occasions to determine between-session reliability. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and 95% confidence intervals showed a high reliability for the overhead press ICC = 0.98 (0.97 – 0.99). A very strong correlation and significant differences were found between the overhead press and split jerk 1RM performances for all participants (r = 0.90 [0.93 – 0.85], 60.2 ± 18.3 kg, 95.7 ± 29.3 kg, p ≤ 0.001). Men demonstrated stronger correlations between the overhead press and split jerk 1RM performances (r = 0.83 [0.73-0.90], p ≤ 0.001) compared with women (r = 0.56 [0.17-0.80], p = 0.008). These results provide evidence that 1RM performance of the overhead press and split jerk performance are highly related, highlighting the importance of upper-limb strength in the split jerk maximum performance.

Between-Day Reliability of a Cluster-Based Method for Multisegment Kinematic Analysis of the Foot-Ankle Complex

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 601-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thales R. Souza ◽  
Haroldo L. Fonseca ◽  
Ana Carolina A. Vaz ◽  
Juliana S. Antero ◽  
Cristiano S. Marinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subtalar Joint ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Multiple Correlation ◽  
Noninvasive Methods ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ankle Complex ◽  
Kinematic Evaluation

Background Detailed description of foot pronation-supination requires multisegment evaluation of the kinematics of the foot-ankle complex. There are noninvasive methods with independent (single) tracking markers attached directly to the skin. However, these methods are inconsistent with the usual rigid segments assumption. In contrast, using clustered markers is compatible with this assumption and is necessary for analyses that need tracking markers to be distant from the foot (eg, shod walking). This study investigated the between-day reliability of a cluster-based method for multisegment analysis of foot-ankle angles related to pronation-supination. Methods Ten healthy adults participated in the study. An anatomically based, three-dimensional model comprising the shank, calcaneus, and forefoot was created. Rigid clusters of tracking markers were used to determine the relative positions and motions of the segments. Mean positions were measured with the subtalar joint in neutral position during standing. Furthermore, mean angles, peaks, and timings of peaks were measured during the stance phase of walking. All of the variables were measured twice, with a 1-week interval. To evaluate reliability, intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for discrete variables and coefficients of multiple correlation for entire gait curves. Results Intraclass correlation coefficients varied from 0.8 to 0.93 for the angles obtained when the subtalar joint was in neutral and from 0.76 to 0.9 for walking variables. Coefficients of multiple correlation varied from 0.93 to 0.97 for walking curves. Conclusions The method described has good to high reliability and provides a systematic method for multisegment kinematic evaluation of foot-ankle pronation-supination.

Validity and Reliability of the Huet Questionnaire to Assess Maximal Oxygen Uptake

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Trivel ◽  
Paul Calmels ◽  
Luc Léger ◽  
Thierry Busso ◽  
Xavier Devillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Validity And Reliability

The usual fitness tests available to assess maximal oxygen uptake [Formula: see text] a key fitness component, are not particularly useful for epidemiological studies. Questionnaires to assess [Formula: see text] however, are simple, easy to use, and inexpensive. In 1986, Huet developed such a French general questionnaire, which now also has an English version. Its simplicity is interesting as it could be used to survey large populations. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of this Huet questionnaire in a sample of healthy French volunteers. A total of 108 subjects were included in this study, 88 males and 20 females. The validity of the questionnaire was checked using correlation coefficients and a Bland-Altman plot between questionnaire estimations and measures of [Formula: see text] obtained with a stress test on a cycle ergometer. An intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was also calculated to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. Significant correlation was obtained with the Huet questionnaire and measured [Formula: see text] (r2 = 0.77, p = 0.0001, SEE = 5.97 ml•kg−1•min−1, n = 108). The ICC showed very high reliability (ICC = 0.988, n = 21). The Huet questionnaire is an easy, rapidly administered tool that correlated highly with [Formula: see text] in this sample population. Key words: physical activity, epidemiology, evaluation

scholarly journals Distributed affective space represents multiple emotion categories across the brain

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heini Saarimäki ◽  
Lara Farzaneh Ejtehadian ◽  
Enrico Glerean ◽  
liro P. Jääskeläinen ◽  
Patrik Vuilleumier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Organization ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Subjective Feeling ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Discrete Emotion ◽  
Subcortical Regions ◽  
The Brain

The functional organization of human emotion systems as well as their neuroanatomical basis and segregation in the brain remains unresolved. Here we used pattern classification and hierarchical clustering to reveal and characterize the organization of discrete emotion categories in the human brain. We induced 14 emotions (6 “basic”, such as fear and anger; and 8 “non-basic”, such as shame and gratitude) and a neutral state in participants using guided mental imagery while their brain activity was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Twelve out of 14 emotions could be reliably classified from the fMRI signals. All emotions engaged a multitude of brain areas, primarily in midline cortices including anterior and posterior cingulate and precuneus, in subcortical regions, and in motor regions including cerebellum and premotor cortex. Similarity of subjective emotional experiences was associated with similarity of the corresponding neural activation patterns. We conclude that the emotions included in the study have discrete neural bases characterized by specific, distributed activation patterns in widespread cortical and subcortical circuits, and highlight both overlaps and differences in the locations of these for each emotion. Locally differentiated engagement of these globally shared circuits defines the unique neural fingerprint activity pattern and the corresponding subjective feeling associated with each emotion.

scholarly journals Methodology for tDCS integration with fMRI

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Esmaeilpour ◽  
A. Duke Shereen ◽  
Peyman Ghobadi-Azbari ◽  
Abhishek Datta ◽  
Adam J. Woods ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
State Level ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Imaging Data

AbstractIntegration of tDCS with fMRI holds promise for investigation the underlying mechanism of stimulation effect. There are 118 published tDCS studies (up to 1st Oct 2018) that used fMRI as a proxy measure of neural activation to answer mechanistic, predictive, and localization questions about how brain activity is modulated by tDCS. FMRI can potentially contribute as: a measure of cognitive state-level variance in baseline brain activation before tDCS; inform the design of stimulation montages that aim to target functional networks during specific tasks; and act as an outcome measure of functional response to tDCS. In this systematic review we explore methodological parameter space of tDCS integration with fMRI. Existing tDCS-fMRI literature shows little replication across these permutations; few studies used comparable study designs. Here, we use a case study with both task and resting state fMRI before and after tDCS in a cross-over design to discuss methodological confounds. We further outline how computational models of current flow should be combined with imaging data to understand sources of variability in responsiveness. Through the case study, we demonstrate how modeling and imaging methodology can be integrated for individualized analysis. Finally, we discuss the importance of conducting tDCS-fMRI with stimulation equipment certified as safe to use inside the MR scanner, and of correcting for image artifacts caused by tDCS. tDCS-fMRI can address important questions on the functional mechanisms of tDCS action (e.g. target engagement) and has the potential to support enhancement of behavioral interventions, provided studies are designed rationally.

Inter- and Intratester Reliability of Lower Extremity Circumference Measurements

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. Harrelson ◽  
Deidre Leaver-Dunn ◽  
A. Louise Fincher ◽  
James D. Leeper
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Joint Line ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Tape Measure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male High School

The purpose of this study was to examine the inter- and intratester reliability of lower extremity circumference measurements obtained by two testers using the same tape measure and two different tape measures. Twenty-one male high school student-athletes participated in this study. Two testers measured lower extremity circumference at three sites using a standard flexible tape measure and a Lufkin tape measure with a Gulick spring-loaded handle attachment. Measurement sites were medial joint line, 20 cm above medial joint line, and 15 cm below medial joint line. Intraclass correlation coefficients were computed for inter- and intratester comparisons for each measuring device and each measurement site. Results indicated high reliability but a significant difference between the two tape measures. These findings indicate that the reliability of lower extremity circumference measurements is not influenced by tester experience and that the Lufkin tape measure with the Gulick handle attachment is the more accurate of the two tape measures.

Evaluation of Stereo Acuity in Professional Baseball and LPGA Athletes Compared to Non-Athletes

2017 ◽  
pp. 34-42
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Professional Women ◽  
Professional Baseball ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Stereo Acuity

Purpose: To investigate stereo acuity of professional athletes in an open (baseball) and closed (golf) skilled sport compared to nonathletes using a new digitized version of the Titmus Stereo Test/Wirt Circles. Additionally, to examine the new test for reliability and validity. Methods: Participants included professional baseball players (PBP; n = 265) and professional women golfers (LPGA; n = 52), and nonathletes (n = 107). All participants were tested on the RightEye Fine Depth Perception (FDP) test and a subset (n = 20) was retested to determine reliability and internal consistency. A different subset (n = 81) was tested for validity comparing the Titmus Stereo Test/Wirt Circles to the RightEye FDP test. Cronbach’s Alpha, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were examined for reliability and ANOVA was conducted to determine convergent validity as well as differences in stereo acuity between groups. Results: Results: The test was revealed to have high reliability and validity, therefore being a good measure of stereo acuity. Furthermore, significant differences (p<.001) between athletes and non-athletes were found. Both PBP and LPGA athletes were significantly different from non-athletes (p<.05). No differences were found between athlete groups. Conclusions: The RightEye FDP test is both reliable and valid and can therefore be used confidently as a measure of static stereo acuity. Elite athletes in open and closed skills show significantly better stereo acuity than non-athletes.

The Development and Reliability of a Simple Field-Based Screening Tool to Assess for Scapular Dyskinesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan O'Connor ◽  
Noel McCaffrey ◽  
Enda Whyte ◽  
Kieran Moran
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scapular Dyskinesis ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Overhead Athletes ◽  
Lack Of Control

Context: Scapular dyskinesis has been identified as a possible risk factor for injury in overhead athletes. There is a need to develop a simple, inexpensive, time-efficient field-based test that can establish the presence and severity of both scapular dyskinesis and its individual components in a musculoskeletal preparticipation screening. To ensure confidence in the test results, high reliability must be displayed. Objective: To establish the intertester and intratester reliability of a simple field-based screening tool for scapular dyskinesis. Design: Reliability study. Setting: Athletic therapy facilities. Participants: 15 physically active men (19.46 ± 0.63 y) free from any orthopedic or neurological disorders, recruited from a convenience sample of college students. Intervention: Testers underwent 3 training sessions where the instructions and scoring system of the test were explained, demonstrations of the tests were given, and opportunities to practice the test were provided. Three testers independently rated 3 trials, and the process was repeated at the same time the following week. Main Outcome Measures: Scapular dyskinesis was assessed using the following components: winging, loss/lack of control when lifting, loss/lack of control when lowering, and scapular asymmetry. A 0-3 rating (0 = no issue, 1 = slight issue, 2 = moderate issue, 3 = severe issue) was provided by the tester independently on each side separately and on scapular asymmetry. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), 95% confidence intervals, and standard error of measurement (SEM) were computed to establish reliability. Results: Excellent ICC values were found for intertester reliability (ICCs .80-1.00) and good to excellent intratester reliability (ICCs .60-1.00 for tester A, .63-1.00 for tester B, and .75-1.00 for tester C) for all components of the test. The SEM was not found to be clinically significant. Conclusions: The simple field-based screening tool developed to assess scapular dyskinesis demonstrates high reliability and so is a reliable tool to use in preparticipation screenings. Future research should establish its validity.

scholarly journals Reliability of the Resonance Frequency Analysis Values in New Prototype Transepithelial Abutments: A Prospective Clinical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6733
Author(s):  
María Guerrero-González ◽  
Francesca Monticelli ◽  
David Saura García-Martín ◽  
Mariano Herrero-Climent ◽  
Blanca Ríos-Carrasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Implant Length

Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) requires abutment disconnection to monitor implant stability. To overcome this limitation, an experimental transepithelial abutment was designed to allow a SmartPeg to be screwed onto it, in order to determine the prototype abutments repeatability and reproducibility using Osstell ISQ and to assess whether implant length and diameter have an influence on the reliability of these measurements. RFA was conducted with a SmartPeg screwed directly into the implant and onto experimental abutments of different heights of 2, 3.5 and 5 mm. A total of 32 patients (116 implants) were tested. RFA measurements were taken twice for each group from mesial, distal, buccal and palatal/lingual surfaces. Mean values and SD were calculated and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) (p < 0.05, IC 95%). The implant stability quotient (ISQ) mean values were 72.581 measured directly to implant and 72.899 (2 mm), 72.391 (3.5 mm) and 71.458 (5 mm) measured from the prototypes. ICC between measurements made directly to implant and through 2-, 3.5- and 5-mm abutments were 0.908, 0.919 and 0.939, respectively. RFA values registered through the experimental transepithelial abutments achieved a high reliability. Neither the implant length nor the diameter had any influence on the measurements’ reliability.

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