scholarly journals Field decomposition of Bt-506 corn leaf and its effect on Collembola in the black soil region of Northeast China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baifeng Wang ◽  
Fengci Wu ◽  
Junqi Yin ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Xinyuan Song
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Litter Decomposition Rate ◽  
Bt Protein ◽  
Collembolan Community ◽  
Structural Carbohydrate ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

AbstractThe litters of Bt corn would go into the soil through straw returning and field ploughing after cultivation. To clarify whether the leaf litter decomposition rate and the non-target soil Collembola were influenced by the Bt protein or other litter properties in leaf litters of Bt corn in Northeast China, leaf litterbags of Bt-506, its near isoline Zheng 58 and a local type Zhengdan 958 were used in the field in Northeast China. The leaf decomposition rate, the leaf properties and the collembolan community in litterbags were investigated later. After seven months, only 43.5 ng/g Bt protein in Bt-506 leaf litter was left. All the investigated indices were not significantly different between Bt-506 and its near isoline Zheng 58. But when compared with local type Zhengdan 958, Bt-506 and its near isoline Zheng 58 contained lower non-structural carbohydrate content but higher total nitrogen content, and had lower litter decomposition rate and less abundance of Collembola. Collembolan abundance and litter decomposition rate were both significantly correlated with the non-structural carbohydrate and total nitrogen contents of the leaf litters. Field study results revealed Bt protein did not affect the leaf litter decomposition rate and the collembolan community in leaf litterbags in short term. The significant differences of these investigated indices among corn types were caused by the different non-structural carbohydrate and total nitrogen contents in leaf litter.

scholarly journals Estimation of biomass, carbon stocks and leaf litter decomposition rate in teak Tectona grandis Linn plantations in city forest of Hasanuddin University, Makassar

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slamet Santosa ◽  
Muhamad Ruslan Umar ◽  
Dody Priosambodo ◽  
Rizki Amalia Puji Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Leaf Litter Decomposition ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Litter Decomposition Rate ◽  
Teak Plantations

Teak Tectona grandis Linn is still used as the main product in the form of wood, while other products, especially environmental services have not received much attention. This study analyzed biomass, carbon stocks and decomposition rate of leaf litter in teak plantations in city forest of Hasanuudin University, Makassar. The individual biomass of teak plants is calculated using the allometric equation, Y=0.11x ρ x D2.62. Carbon stocks were analyzed using a formulation, C=0.47xB. The leaf litter decomposition rate is expressed as the ratio of the remaining litter dry weight, with the formulation, X= (A-B)/A. The number of teak plants in 5 sample plots were 239 trees with an average stem diameter of 20.6cm and an average height of 9.02m. Total biomass in 5 sample plots was 51,712.61g. Carbon stock in 5 sample plots was 24,304.92g. Decomposition rate average of leaf litter of 24.4g during 60 days incubation. The existence of teak plantations is able to reduce CO2 in the atmosphere by as much as 89,199.06gCO2 and resulting in a decomposition rate of teak leaf litter 0.4g per day

The Influence of Silviculture Treatments on the Leaf Litter Decomposition Rate of Triploid Populus tomentoza

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3783-3794
Author(s):  
Yue Qin Song ◽  
Zong Qiang Xie
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Leaf Litter Decomposition ◽  
Nutrient Cycle ◽  
Forest Belt ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Litter Decomposition Rate ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover

Leaf litter decomposition is a fundamental mechanism for self-fertilization in forest ecosystems. Decomposition rate is an important factor in this process. Understanding how silvicultural treatments affect leaf litter decomposition rate can aid in plantation management. In order to reveal the effects of silvicultural treatments on litter decomposition in triploid Populus tomentoza pulp plantations, a litterbag technique was employed in a range of experimental conditions: with/without tree canopy cover (inter or intra forest belts), intercropping, and embedment in the soil. The results showed treatments had varying affects on leaf litter decomposition. The micro-environment created by the forest belt had no significant impact on leaf litter decomposition. The rate of decomposition of embedded leaf litter was significantly higher than litter on the soil surface, indicating that litter buried by tillage or hoeing would promote faster decomposition. Leaf litter decomposition was also enhanced by mixing with cotton (Gossypium sp.) leaf, showing that intercropping sped up the nutrient cycle in triploid P. tomentoza pulp plantations, thereby maintaining and improving soil productivity.

scholarly journals Additive Effects of Sediment and Nutrient on Leaf Litter Decomposition and Macroinvertebrates in Hyporheic Zone

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1340
Author(s):  
Md. Khorshed Alam ◽  
Junjiro N. Negishi ◽  
Pongpet Pongsivapai ◽  
Shohei Yamashita ◽  
Tomohiro Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Hyporheic Zone ◽  
Fine Sediment ◽  
Leaf Litter Decomposition ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Litter Decomposition Rate

Despite the fact that leaf decomposition constitutes an important function in rivers, how multiple environmental stressors simultaneously affect it remains largely unknown. This study investigated the interactive effects of fine sediments (particle size: <2 mm; experimentally manipulated) and a specific nutrient (i.e., nitrate) on subsurface (hyporheic) leaf litter decomposition rate and macroinvertebrates in a gravel-bed river and its tributary in eastern Hokkaido, Japan. The experiment was conducted by measuring leaf litter decomposition of dried Alnus japonica leaves (3 ± 0.05 g) in benthic and hyporheic zones with and without sediment treatments at four sites that had a gradient of nitrate concentration. The decomposition rate was comparable between the two zones but was slowed down by sediment addition in the hyporheic zone. The functional responses were highly predictable for the individual stressors. Detritivore invertebrates were the main driving component of decomposition in the decreased leaf litter decomposition rate under a higher fine sediment condition, whereas higher nitrate accelerated the leaf litter decomposition rate by stimulated microbe-driven decomposition as well as detritivore feeding. Overall, the negative effect of fine sediment could be offset in the presence of nitrate while considering gross functional responses. We demonstrated the additive effects of fine sediment and nitrate on leaf litter decomposition in the hyporheic zone.

Effects of climate, forest type and light availability on litter decomposition rate in the forests of Northeast China

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
吴鹏 WU Peng ◽  
张新平 ZHANG Xinping ◽  
朱彪 ZHU Biao ◽  
周海城 ZHOU Haicheng ◽  
方精云 FANG Jingyun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Litter Decomposition Rate

scholarly journals Effects of Lime Application and Understory Removal on Soil Microbial Communities in Subtropical Eucalyptus L’Hér. Plantations

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songze Wan ◽  
Zhanfeng Liu ◽  
Yuanqi Chen ◽  
Jie Zhao ◽  
Qin Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Dissolved Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Litter Decomposition Rate ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations ◽  
Lime Application

Soil microorganisms play key roles in ecosystems and respond quickly to environmental changes. Liming and/or understory removal are important forest management practices and have been widely applied to planted forests in humid subtropical and tropical regions of the world. However, few studies have explored the impacts of lime application, understory removal, and their interactive effects on soil microbial communities. We conducted a lime application experiment combined with understory removal in a subtropical Eucalyptus L’Hér. plantation. Responses of soil microbial communities (indicated by phospholipid fatty acids, PLFAs), soil physico-chemical properties, and litter decomposition rate to lime and/or understory removal were measured. Lime application significantly decreased both fungal and bacterial PLFAs, causing declines in total PLFAs. Understory removal reduced the fungal PLFAs but had no effect on the bacterial PLFAs, leading to decreases in the total PLFAs and in the ratio of fungal to bacterial PLFAs. No interaction between lime application and understory removal on soil microbial community compositions was observed. Changes in soil microbial communities caused by lime application were mainly attributed to increases in soil pH and NO3–-N contents, while changes caused by understory removal were mainly due to the indirect effects on soil microclimate and the decreased soil dissolved carbon contents. Furthermore, both lime application and understory removal significantly reduced the litter decomposition rates, which indicates the lime application and understory removal may impact the microbe-mediated soil ecological process. Our results suggest that lime application may not be suitable for the management of subtropical Eucalyptus plantations. Likewise, understory vegetation helps to maintain soil microbial communities and litter decomposition rate; it should not be removed from Eucalyptus plantations.

Pengaruh Kerapatan Berbeda Terhadap Produksi Dan Laju Dekomposisi Serasah Mangrove Xylocarpus granatum Koenig, 1784 (Meliaceae:Rosids) dan Rhizophora apiculate Blume,1827 (Rhizophoraceae: Rosids) di Perairan Pulau Bintan

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-242
Author(s):  
Muslimin Muslimin ◽  
Susiana Susiana ◽  
Aditya Hikmat Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
A Value ◽  
Xylocarpus Granatum

Penelitian mengenai Produksi dan Laju Dekomposisi Serasah Mangrove Xylocarpus granatum dan Rhizophora apiculata di Perairan Busung dan Tanjung Unggat Pulau Bintan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan produksi dan laju dekomposisi serasah mangrove Xylocarpus granatum dan Rhizophora apiculata di perairan Busung dan Tanjung Unggat, Pulau Bintan. Penelitian ini di laksanakan pada bulan Februari – Mei 2020 mengenai produksi dan laju dekomposisi serasah mangrove X. granatum dan R. apiculata di perairan Busung dan Tanjung Unggat Pulau Bintan. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan produksi dan laju dekomposisi serasah mangrove X. granatum dan  R. apiculata. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan penentuan lokasi, kemudian persiapan alat dan bahan dan dilanjutkan dengan pengambilan data kerapatan mangrove dan pengambilan data serasah serta laju dekomposisi. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 2 jenis mangrove di 2 stasiun yaitu X. granatum dan R. apiculata. Kerapatan total di Desa Busung berjumlah 2267 pohon/ha tergolong sangat padat dan masih dalam kondisi baik sedangkan kerapatan total di Tanjung Unggat berjumlah 1200 pohon/ha tergolong sedang dan masih dalam kondisi baik. Produksi serasah tertinggi yaitu terjadi pada Stasiun Busung yaitu R. apiculata 1.47 g/m2/hari dan X. ganatum 0.83 g/m2/hari dengan kerapatan yang padat dan untuk hasil terendah terjadi pada stasiun Tanjung Unggat yaitu R. apiculata 1.09 g/m2/hari dan X. granatum 0.65 g/m2/hari dengan kerapatan sedang. Laju dekomposisi serasah daun spesies X. granatum menunjukkan nilai 0.0192 dan Laju dekomposisi serasah daun spesies R. apiculata menunjukkan nilai 0.0203. Laju dekomposisi sersah daun terjadi penurunan yang sangat signifikan pada hari ke 14 yaitu dengan kisaran 0.04 – 0.06 gr/hr. Sedangkan pada hari ke-14 sampai hari ke-28 relatif  konstan, dengan kisaran 0.01 – 0.03 gr/hr. Research on the Production and Decomposition Rate of Xylocarpus granatum and Rhizophora apiculata Mangrove Litter in Busung and Tanjung Unggat Waters, Bintan Island. The purpose of this study was to compare the production and decomposition rate of mangrove litter from Xylocarpus granatum and Rhizophora apiculata in the waters of Busung and Tanjung Unggat, Bintan Island. This research was conducted in February - May 2020 regarding the production and decomposition rate of mangrove litter X. granatum and R. apiculata in the waters of Busung and Tanjung Unggat Bintan Island. This study aims to compare the production and decomposition rate of mangrove litter X. granatum and R. apiculata. This research was conducted by determining the location, then preparing the tools and materials, followed by collecting data on mangrove density and data collection of litter and decomposition rate. The results found 2 types of mangroves at 2 stations, namely X. granatum and R. apiculata. The total density in Busung Village was 2267 trees / ha which was classified as very dense and still in good condition, while the total density in Tanjung Unggat was 1200 trees / ha which was classified as moderate and still in good condition. The highest litter production occurred at Busung Station, namely R. apiculata 1.47 g/M2/day and X. granatum 0.83 g/m2 /day with a dense density and for the lowest yield occurred at Tanjung Unggat station, namely R. apiculata 1.09 g/m2/day and X. granatum 0.65 g/m2/day with moderate density. The leaf litter decomposition rate of species X. granatum showed a value of 0.0192 and the rate of decomposition of leaf litter of species R. apiculata showed a value of 0.0203. The decomposition rate of leaf litter decreased significantly on day 14, in the range of 0.04 - 0.06 gr/day. Meanwhile, on day 14 to day 28 it is relatively constant, with a range of 0.01 - 0.03 g/day.

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