Feeding status influences adult vine weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae) behaviour to conspecific volatiles

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe M. Roberts ◽  
Jhaman Kundun ◽  
Tom W. Pope
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Ecology ◽  
Aggregation Behavior ◽  
Strong Tendency ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Monitoring Tool ◽  
Otiorhynchus Sulcatus ◽  
Aggregation Behaviour ◽  
Soft Fruit ◽  
Ornamental Crops ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTVine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus F. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is widely considered to be one of the most economically important pests of soft-fruit and ornamental crops. The chemical ecology of vine weevil has been extensively studied in the pursuit of a semiochemical lure to improve monitoring tool sensitivity/reliability and develop novel control methods. Although vine weevil adults exhibit a strong tendency to aggregate, the mechanism underlying this behaviour has not, to date, been identified. It is notable, however, that previous studies have not considered the impact of feeding status on vine weevil aggregation behaviour. To investigate the importance of feeding status on aggregation behavior, this study recorded the responses of satiated and starved vine weevil adults to the odour of starved conspecifics. Satiated adults exhibited a preference for the odour of conspecifics while starved vine weevils exhibited no such preference. Therefore, this study provides evidence to support the hypothesis that feeding status is an important factor for vine weevil aggregation.

CONTROLLING SUFETULA SPP.: A COCONUT INSECT PEST ON PEAT SOILS

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. BONNEAU ◽  
M. HUSNI ◽  
L. BEAUDOIN-OLLIVIER ◽  
JOKO SUSILO
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Depressive Effect ◽  
Moss Cover ◽  
Adult Insect ◽  
The Impact

We demonstrated experimentally that Sufetula, a root-mining insect, has a depressive effect on coconut yields on peat soils. The impact of the pest resulted in a shortfall in earnings that warranted taking control measures. We considered control methods suitable for rehabilitating infested mature coconut plantings and for preserving young coconut plantings. Currently, cultural control is the only effective method. It involves eliminating all identified shelters for the adult insect, i.e. fern cover and heaps of coconut waste (dry fronds and husks). The aim is to achieve totally bare soil, with moss cover that does not attract the pest, or planted with an unattractive intercrop such as pineapple.

scholarly journals Household-Level Risk Factors for Aedes aegypti Pupal Density in Guayaquil, Ecuador

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thien-An Ha ◽  
Tomás M. León ◽  
Karina Lalangui ◽  
Patricio Ponce ◽  
John M. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression Model ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Level Model ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundVector-borne diseases are a major cause of disease burden in Guayaquil, Ecuador, especially arboviruses spread by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Understanding which household characteristics and risk factors lead to higher Ae. aegypti densities and consequent disease risk can help inform and optimize vector control programs.MethodsCross-sectional entomological surveys were conducted in Guayaquil between 2013 and 2016, covering household demographics, municipal services, potential breeding containers, presence of Ae. aegypti larvae and pupae, and history of using mosquito control methods. A zero-truncated negative binomial regression model was fitted to data for estimating the household pupal index. An additional model assessed the factors of the most productive breeding sites across all of the households.ResultsOf surveyed households, 610 satisfied inclusion criteria. The final household-level model found that collection of large solid items (e.g., furniture and tires) and rainfall the week of and 2 weeks before collection were negatively correlated with average pupae per container, while bed canopy use, unemployment, container water volume, and the interaction between large solid collection and rainfall 2 weeks before the sampling event were positively correlated. Selection of these variables across other top candidate models with ΔAICc < 1 was robust, with the strongest effects from large solid collection and bed canopy use. The final container-level model explaining the characteristics of breeding sites found that contaminated water is positively correlated with Ae. aegypti pupae counts while breeding sites composed of car parts, furniture, sewerage parts, vases, ceramic material, glass material, metal material, and plastic material were all negatively correlated.ConclusionHaving access to municipal services like bulky item pickup was effective at reducing mosquito proliferation in households. Association of bed canopy use with higher mosquito densities is unexpected, and may be a consequence of large local mosquito populations or due to limited use or effectiveness of other vector control methods. The impact of rainfall on mosquito density is multifaceted, as it may both create new habitat and “wash out” existing habitat. Providing services and social/technical interventions focused on monitoring and eliminating productive breeding sites is important for reducing aquatic-stage mosquito densities in households at risk for Ae. aegypti-transmitted diseases.

scholarly journals Statistical Disclosure Control Methods for Microdata from the Labour Force Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (348) ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Michał Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Labour Force Survey ◽  
Statistical Disclosure Control ◽  
Disclosure Control ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Statistical Disclosure ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this article is to analyse the possibility of applying selected perturbative masking methods of Statistical Disclosure Control to microdata, i.e. unit‑level data from the Labour Force Survey. In the first step, the author assessed to what extent the confidentiality of information was protected in the original dataset. In the second step, after applying selected methods implemented in the sdcMicro package in the R programme, the impact of those methods on the disclosure risk, the loss of information and the quality of estimation of population quantities was assessed. The conclusion highlights some problematic aspects of the use of Statistical Disclosure Control methods which were observed during the conducted analysis.

The National Shipbuilding Research Program Welding Fume Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Daniel O. Chute ◽  
Bradley W. Christ
Keyword(s):  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Welding Fume ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Exposure Control ◽  
Exposure Limits ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Worker Exposure ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the results of a study evaluating the impact of anticipated reductions in OSHA worker exposure limits for airborne contaminants, nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), and hexavalent chromium (Cr6) on the shipbuilding industry. As part of the study field evaluation, air monitoring and data analysis were conducted to measure the effectiveness of a series of exposure control methods including fume extractor guns, ixed fume extraction systems, portable fume extraction systems, low fume welding wires, downdraft/backdraft tables, and fume iltration devices. Six shipyards participated in this study. The study concluded that the cost of compliance increases greatly with lower exposure limits. It was recommended that the shipbuilding industry continue to develop and evaluate feasible control measures in anticipation of revised standards.

scholarly journals Searching for panacea to management ills: Trust models revisited

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Sheikh Shamim Hasnain
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Tool ◽  
Competitive Behaviour ◽  
Trust Models ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The Impact

This is a literature-based paper addressing a few trust models and studies. Trust is a multi-disciplinary subject occupying a pivotal position in the academic and corporate worlds. Many researchers have examined its impacts on various organisational issues. The impact of trust is much context specific. Some researchers have identified the factors of perceived trustworthiness as capability, benevolence and integrity. It reveals that competence, openness, concern and reliability are the dimensions of trust. Availability, competence, consistency, discreetness, fairness, integrity, loyalty, openness, promise fulfilment and receptivity are the ten conditions of trust, identified by the researchers. Some trust models find that high trust reduces competitive behaviour among the individuals and the organisations. Trust failure involves huge penalties to the organisations. Researchers agree that trust is a strong monitoring tool and it reduces expenditures, and leads to higher productivity. Future researchers may empirically examine various trust dimensions and models in various contexts. Keywords: Trust, trust models/studies, fairness

scholarly journals Optimising Vine Weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus F. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Monitoring Tool Design

Insects ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Eugenia Fezza ◽  
Joe M. Roberts ◽  
Toby J. A. Bruce ◽  
Lael E. Walsh ◽  
Michael T. Gaffney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Tool Design ◽  
Binary Choice ◽  
Group Choice ◽  
Monitoring Tool ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Otiorhynchus Sulcatus ◽  
Reliable Monitoring ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus F. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an economically important insect pest of horticultural crops. To identify an effective and reliable monitoring system for adult vine weevil, this study investigated the influence of colour, height and entrance position on the efficacy of a model monitoring tool using modified paper cups as refuges. Vine weevil preferences were determined by the number of individuals recorded within a refuge. When provided with a binary choice between black or white refuges, vine weevil adults showed a preference for black refuges. Vine weevils provided with a range of coloured refuges (blue, green, red and yellow) in addition to black and white refuges showed a preference for black and blue over the other colours and white refuges in group choice experiments. Refuge height and entrance position also influenced vine weevil behaviour with individuals exhibiting a preference for taller refuges and those with entrance openings around the refuge base. These results provide insights into refuge selection by adult vine weevils, which can be exploited to improve monitoring tool design. The importance of developing an effective monitoring tool for vine weevil adults as part of an integrated pest management programme is discussed.

scholarly journals The impact of white grub infestation on sengon plantation and traditional control by local communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 914 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
U W Darmawan ◽  
N E Lelana ◽  
I Anggraeni ◽  
F E Astanti
Keyword(s):  
Light Trapping ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
White Grub ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Local Farmer ◽  
Cultivation Practice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Local Farmers

Abstract White grub causes severe crop failure in some sengon plantation areas. However, study regarding this pest on sengon plantations is still limited. Therefore, a survey to observe cultivation practice by local farmers in controlling white grub has been carried out in the sengon plantation area. An interview regarding the impact of white grub infestation and its traditional control methods was also carried out with the forest farmers group and the management officer of Perum Perhutani, State-Owned Forest Corporation, to observe the farmer’s knowledge regarding white grubs and their impact on the plantation. In addition, we also carried out sampling to observe the white grub population. The result showed that the average white grub population in the soil was extremely high. The average population was at 20.9 individuals plot−1 (13.6 larvae m2 -1) and dominated by 6-8 cm in length larvae. Therefore, planting failure is expected due to its attack. The local farmer controls applying marang, a rice bowl made of plastic with a small hole on all sides when planting the tree, and collecting white grub larvae during soil tillage, using light trapping. Application of marang was considered to effectively increase the success in planting activity by about 80-90%.

scholarly journals Security Advanced Framework for the Robust Systems Monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1341-1347
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Networks ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Monitoring Tool ◽  
It Industry ◽  
System Protection ◽  
Rsa Algorithm ◽  
Distributed Framework ◽  
Security Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Robust Systems

In the present communication technology the distributed networks have a vibrant job, Whether it's statutory or non-governmental organisations. The significant worry of the present IT industry is that stability, adaptability and the complexities of the distributed systems are handled. Robust distributed system (RDS) are hubs in organized PCs, which changes itself as indicated by changes to conditions. A study framework or tool is utilized to distinguish the adjustments in the distributed frameworks and many of the activities of the whole system. The intruder could compromise this monitoring system while gathering the data from the distributed framework. The following task will discuss this paper, the framework of security approaches for studying RDS. Initially, work into current studying tools to assess the impact of monitoring practices in RDSs. Once security-sensitive information is collected by the monitoring tool, the risk of information being leaked to unauthorized users is high, Secondly, a safe corresponding channel was introduced using the RSA algorithm to track confidential information. Thirdly, A stable, personalized network monitoring tool was introduced to provide the necessary protection for each parameter in the system. Protection metrics are used to calculate the security levels of each constraint to be monitored.

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