scholarly journals Animals exhibit personality traits in their movement: a case study on location trajectories of primates

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Morita ◽  
Aru Toyoda ◽  
Seitaro Aisu ◽  
Akihisa Kaneko ◽  
Naoko Suda-Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Individual Recognition ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Japanese Macaques ◽  
Group Cage ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Social Animals ◽  
Specific Trait

AbstractResearching individual recognition (IR) is essential to understand the life history and adaptive behavior of social animals. Investigation of personality traits may also provide insights into how social animals distinguish between different individuals. This study investigates IR behavior in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata), focusing on one specific trait, which is movement. Using a recently developed tracking system based on Bluetooth® Low Energy beacons, we collected three-dimensional (3D) location data from five Japanese macaques living in a group cage. A non-parametric, neural network-based analysis of the data revealed the existence of personality traits in extremely limited aspects of the movement data (2-min trajectory of 3D location). Our results support the validity of multimodal approaches in studying IR, beyond the typical single-frame face recognition method, both for researchers and animal agents.

scholarly journals Towards Tracking of Deep Brain Stimulation Electrodes Using an Integrated Magnetometer

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2670
Author(s):  
Thomas Quirin ◽  
Corentin Féry ◽  
Dorian Vogel ◽  
Céline Vergne ◽  
Mathieu Sarracanie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Mean Absolute Error ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Magnetic Tracking ◽  
Magnetic Camera ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Deep Brain

This paper presents a tracking system using magnetometers, possibly integrable in a deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode. DBS is a treatment for movement disorders where the position of the implant is of prime importance. Positioning challenges during the surgery could be addressed thanks to a magnetic tracking. The system proposed in this paper, complementary to existing procedures, has been designed to bridge preoperative clinical imaging with DBS surgery, allowing the surgeon to increase his/her control on the implantation trajectory. Here the magnetic source required for tracking consists of three coils, and is experimentally mapped. This mapping has been performed with an in-house three-dimensional magnetic camera. The system demonstrates how magnetometers integrated directly at the tip of a DBS electrode, might improve treatment by monitoring the position during and after the surgery. The three-dimensional operation without line of sight has been demonstrated using a reference obtained with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of a simplified brain model. We observed experimentally a mean absolute error of 1.35 mm and an Euclidean error of 3.07 mm. Several areas of improvement to target errors below 1 mm are also discussed.

scholarly journals Tracking eye-gaze in smart home systems (SHS): first insights from eye-tracking and self-report measures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Cassioli ◽  
Laura Angioletti ◽  
Michela Balconi
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Visual Exploration ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Psychological Traits

AbstractHuman–computer interaction (HCI) is particularly interesting because full-immersive technology may be approached differently by users, depending on the complexity of the interaction, users’ personality traits, and their motivational systems inclination. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between psychological factors and attention towards specific tech-interactions in a smart home system (SHS). The relation between personal psychological traits and eye-tracking metrics is investigated through self-report measures [locus of control (LoC), user experience (UX), behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation system (BAS)] and a wearable and wireless near-infrared illumination based eye-tracking system applied to an Italian sample (n = 19). Participants were asked to activate and interact with five different tech-interaction areas with different levels of complexity (entrance, kitchen, living room, bathroom, and bedroom) in a smart home system (SHS), while their eye-gaze behavior was recorded. Data showed significant differences between a simpler interaction (entrance) and a more complex one (living room), in terms of number of fixation. Moreover, slower time to first fixation in a multifaceted interaction (bathroom), compared to simpler ones (kitchen and living room) was found. Additionally, in two interaction conditions (living room and bathroom), negative correlations were found between external LoC and fixation count, and between BAS reward responsiveness scores and fixation duration. Findings led to the identification of a two-way process, where both the complexity of the tech-interaction and subjects’ personality traits are important impacting factors on the user’s visual exploration behavior. This research contributes to understand the user responsiveness adding first insights that may help to create more human-centered technology.

scholarly journals Multi-sensor three-dimensional Monte Carlo localization for long-term aerial robot navigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 172988141773275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J Perez-Grau ◽  
Fernando Caballero ◽  
Antidio Viguria ◽  
Anibal Ollero
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Motion Tracking ◽  
Robot Navigation ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Localization Algorithm ◽  
Monte Carlo Localization ◽  
Motion Tracking System

This article presents an enhanced version of the Monte Carlo localization algorithm, commonly used for robot navigation in indoor environments, which is suitable for aerial robots moving in a three-dimentional environment and makes use of a combination of measurements from an Red,Green,Blue-Depth (RGB-D) sensor, distances to several radio-tags placed in the environment, and an inertial measurement unit. The approach is demonstrated with an unmanned aerial vehicle flying for 10 min indoors and validated with a very precise motion tracking system. The approach has been implemented using the robot operating system framework and works smoothly on a regular i7 computer, leaving plenty of computational capacity for other navigation tasks such as motion planning or control.

Pointing to Remembered Targets in 3-D Space in Parkinson's Disease

Motor Control ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Poizner ◽  
Olga I. Fookson ◽  
Michail B. Berkinblit ◽  
Wayne Hening ◽  
Gregory Feldman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Performance Deficits ◽  
Normal Speed ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
Variable Errors ◽  
Target Locations

A three-dimensional tracking system was used to examine whether subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD) would show characteristic performance deficits in an unconstrained pointing task. Five targets were presented in a pyramidal array in space to 11 individuals with mild to moderate PD and 8 age-matched controls. After the target was indicated, subjects closed their eyes and pointed to the remembered target locations without vision. Despite the absence of visual feedback during movement, PD subjects were as accurate overall as controls. However, PD subjects showed greater variable errors, more irregular trajectories, and a vertical endpoint bias in which their endpoints were significantly lower than controls. They also showed deficiencies in the compensatory organization of joint rotations to ensure consistency in azimuthal (horizontal) positioning of the arm endpoint. We concluded that, under appropriate task conditions, PD subjects may not show overall deficits in accuracy even when making targeted movements at normal speed without visual feedback. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that there are certain dimensions of performance which are selectively altered in Parkinson's disease even when overall performance is normal.

scholarly journals Parallel, linear, and subnanometric 3D tracking of microparticles with Stereo Darkfield Interferometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. eabe3902
Author(s):  
Martin Rieu ◽  
Thibault Vieille ◽  
Gaël Radou ◽  
Raphaël Jeanneret ◽  
Nadia Ruiz-Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Particle Tracking ◽  
Focal Plane ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Tracking ◽  
Single Molecule Force Spectroscopy ◽  
A New Technique

While crucial for force spectroscopists and microbiologists, three-dimensional (3D) particle tracking suffers from either poor precision, complex calibration, or the need of expensive hardware, preventing its massive adoption. We introduce a new technique, based on a simple piece of cardboard inserted in the objective focal plane, that enables simple 3D tracking of dilute microparticles while offering subnanometer frame-to-frame precision in all directions. Its linearity alleviates calibration procedures, while the interferometric pattern enhances precision. We illustrate its utility in single-molecule force spectroscopy and single-algae motility analysis. As with any technique based on back focal plane engineering, it may be directly embedded in a commercial objective, providing a means to convert any preexisting optical setup in a 3D tracking system. Thanks to its precision, its simplicity, and its versatility, we envision that the technique has the potential to enhance the spreading of high-precision and high-throughput 3D tracking.

scholarly journals What you see is where you go: visibility influences movement decisions of a forest bird navigating a three-dimensional-structured matrix

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 20200478
Author(s):  
Job Aben ◽  
Johannes Signer ◽  
Janne Heiskanen ◽  
Petri Pellikka ◽  
Justin M. J. Travis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Forest Birds ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Perceptual Range ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Structured Matrix ◽  
Viewshed Analysis ◽  
Step Selection

Animal spatial behaviour is often presumed to reflect responses to visual cues. However, inference of behaviour in relation to the environment is challenged by the lack of objective methods to identify the information that effectively is available to an animal from a given location. In general, animals are assumed to have unconstrained information on the environment within a detection circle of a certain radius (the perceptual range; PR). However, visual cues are only available up to the first physical obstruction within an animal's PR, making information availability a function of an animal's location within the physical environment (the effective visual perceptual range; EVPR). By using LiDAR data and viewshed analysis, we modelled forest birds' EVPRs at each step along a movement path. We found that the EVPR was on average 0.063% that of an unconstrained PR and, by applying a step-selection analysis, that individuals are 1.55 times more likely to move to a tree within their EVPR than to an equivalent tree outside it. This demonstrates that behavioural choices can be substantially impacted by the characteristics of an individual's EVPR and highlights that inferences made from movement data may be improved by accounting for the EVPR.

scholarly journals Calibration of Kinematic Parameters of Robot Arm Using Laser Tracking System: Compensation for Non-Geometric Errors by Neural Networks and Selection of Optimal Measuring Points by Genetic Algorithm

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiji Aoyagi ◽  
◽  
Masato Suzuki ◽  
Tomokazu Takahashi ◽  
Jun Fujioka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Geometric Errors ◽  
Robot Arm ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Laser Tracking

Offline teaching based on high positioning accuracy of a robot arm is desired to take the place of manual teaching. In offline teaching, joint angles are calculated using a kinematic model of the robot arm. However, a nominal kinematic model does not consider the errors arising in manufacturing or assembly, not to mention the non-geometric errors arising in gear transmission, arm compliance, etc. Therefore, a method of precisely calibrating the parameters in a kinematic model is required. For this purpose, it is necessary to measure the three-dimensional (3-D) absolute position of the tip of a robot arm. In this paper, a laser tracking system is employed as the measurement apparatus. The geometric parameters in the robot kinematic model are calibrated by minimizing errors between the measured positions and the predicted ones based on the model. The residual errors caused by non-geometric parameters are further reduced by using neural networks, realizing high positioning accuracy of sub-millimeter order. To speed up the calibration process, a smaller number of measuring points is preferable. Optimal measuring points, which realize high positioning accuracy while remaining small in number, are selected using Genetic Algorithm (GA).

scholarly journals STEREOTYPED LANGUAGE ABOUT WOMEN ON INTERNET MEMES OF MEME COMIC INDONESIA (A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayu Lestari Siregar ◽  
Busmin Gurning ◽  
Didik Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Internet

This study examined 21 (twenty one) Internet memes taken from instagram wall of Meme Comic Indonesia (MCI). This studies applied Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis promoted by Van Leeuwen which particularly in this study was the merger between Three Dimensional of Fairclough and Visual Grammatical of Kress and Van Leeuwen. The results of this study revealed five kinds of stereotyped language about women which are women’s personality traits, women’s cooking domestics behaviour, women’s physical appearances, women’s teaching occupation and women’s driving motorcycle behaviour which considered as new kind of stereotype about women. It is also revealed that the process of realization of stereotyped language about women is by seeing the context of the features used by the creator of the internet memes. The reasons of using stereotyped language about women as humour can be seen as critics and warning attemptions by the creator of the internet memes.Key words: Stereotyped Language about Women, internet memes, Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis

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