Theta power and theta-gamma coupling support spatial memory retrieval

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh Vivekananda ◽  
Daniel Bush ◽  
James A Bisby ◽  
Sallie Baxendale ◽  
Roman Rodionov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Theta Oscillations ◽  
Theta Power ◽  
Human Epilepsy ◽  
Phase Amplitude ◽  
Hippocampal Theta

AbstractHippocampal theta oscillations have been implicated in spatial memory function in both rodents and humans. What is less clear is how hippocampal theta interacts with higher frequency oscillations during spatial memory function, and how this relates to subsequent behaviour. Here we asked ten human epilepsy patients undergoing intracranial EEG recording to perform a desk-top virtual reality spatial memory task, and found that increased theta power in two discrete bands (‘low’ 2-5Hz and ‘high’ 6-9Hz) during cued retrieval was associated with improved task performance. Similarly, increased coupling between ‘low’ theta phase and gamma amplitude during the same period was associated with improved task performance. These results support a role of theta oscillations and theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling in human spatial memory function.

scholarly journals Modulation of hippocampal theta oscillations and spatial memory by relaxin-3 neurons of the nucleus incertus

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 730-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ma ◽  
F. E. Olucha-Bordonau ◽  
M. A. Hossain ◽  
F. Lin ◽  
C. Kuei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Theta Oscillations ◽  
Nucleus Incertus ◽  
Hippocampal Theta

scholarly journals Effects of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Administration on Human Encoding and Recall Memory Function: A Pharmacological fMRI Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthijs G. Bossong ◽  
Gerry Jager ◽  
Hendrika H. van Hell ◽  
Lineke Zuurman ◽  
J. Martijn Jansma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Associative Memory ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Novel Target ◽  
The Right

Deficits in memory function are an incapacitating aspect of various psychiatric and neurological disorders. Animal studies have recently provided strong evidence for involvement of the endocannabinoid (eCB) system in memory function. Neuropsychological studies in humans have shown less convincing evidence but suggest that administration of cannabinoid substances affects encoding rather than recall of information. In this study, we examined the effects of perturbation of the eCB system on memory function during both encoding and recall. We performed a pharmacological MRI study with a placebo-controlled, crossover design, investigating the effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) inhalation on associative memory-related brain function in 13 healthy volunteers. Performance and brain activation during associative memory were assessed using a pictorial memory task, consisting of separate encoding and recall conditions. Administration of THC caused reductions in activity during encoding in the right insula, the right inferior frontal gyrus, and the left middle occipital gyrus and a network-wide increase in activity during recall, which was most prominent in bilateral cuneus and precuneus. THC administration did not affect task performance, but while during placebo recall activity significantly explained variance in performance, this effect disappeared after THC. These findings suggest eCB involvement in encoding of pictorial information. Increased precuneus activity could reflect impaired recall function, but the absence of THC effects on task performance suggests a compensatory mechanism. These results further emphasize the eCB system as a potential novel target for treatment of memory disorders and a promising target for development of new therapies to reduce memory deficits in humans.

scholarly journals Direct brain recordings reveal hippocampal rhythm underpinnings of language processing

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (40) ◽  
pp. 11366-11371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitória Piai ◽  
Kristopher L. Anderson ◽  
Jack J. Lin ◽  
Callum Dewar ◽  
Josef Parvizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Theta Oscillations ◽  
Linguistic Processing ◽  
Picture Presentation ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Hippocampal Theta ◽  
Hippocampal Complex

Language is classically thought to be supported by perisylvian cortical regions. Here we provide intracranial evidence linking the hippocampal complex to linguistic processing. We used direct recordings from the hippocampal structures to investigate whether theta oscillations, pivotal in memory function, track the amount of contextual linguistic information provided in sentences. Twelve participants heard sentences that were either constrained (“She locked the door with the”) or unconstrained (“She walked in here with the”) before presentation of the final word (“key”), shown as a picture that participants had to name. Hippocampal theta power increased for constrained relative to unconstrained contexts during sentence processing, preceding picture presentation. Our study implicates hippocampal theta oscillations in a language task using natural language associations that do not require memorization. These findings reveal that the hippocampal complex contributes to language in an active fashion, relating incoming words to stored semantic knowledge, a necessary process in the generation of sentence meaning.

Behavioral correlates of human hippocampal delta and theta oscillations during navigation

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 1747-1755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Watrous ◽  
Itzhak Fried ◽  
Arne D. Ekstrom
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Theta Activity ◽  
Theta Oscillations ◽  
Spatial Updating ◽  
Behavioral Correlates ◽  
Theta Power ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Spatial View ◽  
Intracranial Electrodes

Previous rodent studies demonstrate movement-related increases in theta oscillations, and recent evidence suggests that multiple navigationally relevant variables are reflected in this activity. Human invasive recordings have revealed movement-related modulations in delta and theta activity, although it is unclear whether additional behavioral variables are responsible for modulating this neural activity during navigation. We tested the role of delta and theta oscillations during navigation by addressing whether spatial-related processing, in addition to speed and task variables, modulates delta and theta activity. Recording from 317 hippocampal intracranial electrodes in 10 patients undergoing seizure monitoring, we observed increasing delta and theta power with increasing virtual speed at significantly more electrodes than would be expected by chance, replicating previous findings in nonhuman mammals. Delta and theta power were more consistently modulated, however, as a function of spatial view, including when subjects looked at stores in the virtual environment both to find a relevant goal or for spatial updating. A significantly larger proportion of electrodes showed view-related effects than speed-related modulations. Although speed, task, and spatial view affected delta and theta activity, individual electrodes were most frequently modulated by only one variable, rather than a combination of variables. These electrodes likely sampled independent delta and theta generators, which reflected movement-related and allocentric processing, respectively. These results extend previous findings in nonhuman mammals and humans, expanding our knowledge of the role of human hippocampal low-frequency oscillations in navigation.

scholarly journals Landmark Discrimination Learning in the Dog

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norton W. Milgram ◽  
Beth Adams ◽  
Heather Callahan ◽  
Elizabeth Head ◽  
Bill Mackay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Discrimination Learning ◽  
Spatial Learning ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Spatial Cues ◽  
Spatial Memory Task ◽  
Visual Landmark ◽  
Spatial Tasks

Allocentric spatial memory was studied in dogs of varying ages and sources using a landmark discrimination task. The primary goal of this study was to develop a protocol to test landmark discrimination learning in the dog. Using a modified version of a landmark test developed for use in monkeys, we successfully trained dogs to make a spatial discrimination on the basis of the position of a visual landmark relative to two identical discriminanda. Task performance decreased, however, as the distance between the landmark and the “discriminandum” was increased. A subgroup of these dogs was also tested on a delayed nonmatching to position spatial memory task (DNMP), which relies on egocentric spatial cues. These findings suggest that dogs can acquire both allocentric and egocentric spatial tasks. These data provide a useful tool for evaluating the ability of canines to use allocentric cues in spatial learning.

Distinct Patterns of Brain Oscillations Underlie Two Basic Parameters of Human Maze Learning

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 368-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy B. Caplan ◽  
Joseph R. Madsen ◽  
Sridhar Raghavachari ◽  
Michael J. Kahana
Keyword(s):  
Memory Function ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Rhythmic Activity ◽  
Maze Learning ◽  
Theta Oscillations ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
High Signal ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Theta Band ◽  
Virtual Maze

We examine how oscillations in the intracranial electroencephalogram (iEEG) relate to human maze learning. Theta- band activity (4–12 Hz in rodents; 4–8 Hz in humans) plays a significant role in memory function in rodents and in humans. Recording intracranially in humans, we have reported task-related, theta-band rhythmic activity in the raw trace during virtual maze learning and during a nonspatial working memory task. Here we analyze oscillations during virtual maze learning across a much broader range of frequencies and analyze their relationship to two task variables relevant to learning. We describe a new algorithm for detecting oscillatory episodes that takes advantage of the high signal-to-noise ratio and high temporal resolution of the iEEG. Accounting for the background power spectrum of the iEEG, the algorithm allows us to directly compare levels of oscillatory activity across frequencies within the 2- to 45-Hz band. We report that while episodes of oscillatory activity are found at various frequencies, most of the rhythmic activity during virtual maze learning occurs within the theta band. Theta oscillations are more prevalent when the task is made more difficult (manipulation of maze length). However, these oscillations do not tend to covary significantly with decision time, a good index of encoding and retrieval operations. In contrast, lower- and higher-frequency oscillations do covary with this variable. These results suggest that while human cortically recorded theta might play a role in encoding, the overall levels of theta oscillations tell us little about the immediate demands on encoding or retrieval. Finally, different patterns of oscillations may reflect distinct underlying aspects of memory function.

scholarly journals Theta Oscillations in Human Cortex During a Working-Memory Task: Evidence for Local Generators

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 1630-1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Raghavachari ◽  
J. E. Lisman ◽  
M. Tully ◽  
J. R. Madsen ◽  
E. B. Bromfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Theta Oscillations ◽  
Resolution Method ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Human Cortex ◽  
Coordinate Regulation

Cortical theta appears important in sensory processing and memory. Intracanial electrode recordings provide a high spatial resolution method for studying such oscillations during cognitive tasks. Recent work revealed sites at which oscillations in the theta range (4–12 Hz) could be gated by a working-memory task: theta power was increased at task onset and continued until task offset. Using a large data set that has now been collected (10 participants/619 recording sites), we have sufficient sampling to determine how these gated sites are distributed in the cortex and how they are synchronized. A substantial fraction of sites in occipital/parietal (45/157) and temporal (23/280) cortices were gated by the task. Surprisingly, this aspect of working-memory function was virtually absent in frontal cortex (2/182). Coherence measures were used to analyze the synchronization of oscillations. We suspected that because of their coordinate regulation by the working-memory task, gated sites would have synchronized theta oscillations. We found that, whereas nearby gated sites (<20 mm) were often but not always coherent, distant gated sites were almost never coherent. Our results imply that there are local mechanisms for the generation of cortical theta.

NOGO-66 receptor deficient mice show slow acquisition of spatial memory task performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 510 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel M. van Gaalen ◽  
Ana L. Relo ◽  
Bernhard K. Mueller ◽  
Gerhard Gross ◽  
Mario Mezler
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Spatial Memory Task ◽  
Deficient Mice
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