scholarly journals Laboratory culture of the California Sea Firefly Vargula tsujii (Ostracoda: Cypridinidae): Developing a model system for the evolution of marine bioluminescence

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A. Goodheart ◽  
Geetanjali Minsky ◽  
Mira N. Brynjegard-Bialik ◽  
Michael S. Drummond ◽  
J. David Munoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
The Family ◽  
Firefly Luciferin ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

AbstractBioluminescence, or the production of light by living organisms via chemical reaction, is widespread across Metazoa. Culture of bioluminescent organisms from diverse taxonomic groups is important for determining the biosynthetic pathways of bioluminescent substrates, which may lead to new tools for biotechnology and biomedicine. Some bioluminescent groups may be cultured, including some cnidarians, ctenophores, and brittle stars, but those use luminescent substrates (luciferins) obtained from their diets, and therefore are not informative for determination of the biosynthethic pathways of the luciferins. Other groups, including terrestrial fireflies, do synthesize their own luciferin, but culturing them is difficult, and the biosynthetic pathway for firefly luciferin remains unclear. An additional independent origin of endogenous bioluminescence is found within ostracods from the family Cypridinidae, which use their luminescence for defense and, in Caribbean species, for courtship displays. Here, we report the first complete life cycle of a luminous ostracod (Vargula tsujii Kornicker & Baker, 1977, the California Sea Firefly) in the laboratory. We also describe the late-stage embryogenesis of Vargula tsujii and discuss the size classes of instar development. We find embryogenesis in V. tsujii ranges from 25-38 days, and this species appears to have five instar stages, consistent with ontogeny in other cypridinid lineages. We estimate a complete life cycle at 3-4 months. We also present the first complete mitochondrial genome for Vargula tsujii. Bringing a luminous ostracod into laboratory culture sets the stage for many potential avenues of study, including learning the biosynthetic pathway of cypridinid luciferin and genomic manipulation of an autogenic bioluminescent system.

Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence Analysis and Phylogenetic Location Determination of Hydropsyche Fryeri (Insecta: Trichoptera)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimin Li ◽  
Honglin Qin ◽  
Xifa Zhong ◽  
Jingcai Huang ◽  
Yujun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree Analysis ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence ◽  
Location Determination ◽  
The Family

Abstract Hydropsyche fryeri belongs to the Trichopteridae family and builds nests in clean and unpolluted streams using stones. It also can be used as an indicator of water quality. Here, we describe the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Hydropsyche fryeri. The mitochondrial genome is 15,676 bp long and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs and an AT-rich control region. Phylogenetic tree analysis shows that Hydropsyche fryeri is more closely related to the family Hydroptera than other Trichoptera.

Study of the ecology of the Tephritidae family (Insecta: Diptera)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 047-080
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Academic Science ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
The Family ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
And Control

Fruit flies belong to the Tephritidae Family which is one of the largest within the Order Diptera. This family is among the pests with the greatest economic expression in the world's fruit industry, as they attack the reproductive organs of plants, fruits with pulp and flowers. These insects are an important group of pests in the fruit industry worldwide, as they have a life cycle in which their larval period develops especially inside the fruits, feeding, in general, on their pulp. The objective of this study is to report the Ecology and Biology of Tephitidae. The research was carried out in studies related to quantitative aspects of the Family, Subfamily and Species (taxonomic groups) and conceptual aspects such as: biology, geographical distribution, methodologies, and traps for collecting and their parasitoids and strategies for Drosophlidae with control, species, life cycle, damage, economic importance, medicinal importance, biological aspects, monitoring and control and reproduction. A literature search was carried out containing articles published from 1993 to 2021. The mini-review was prepared in Goiânia, Goiás, from September to October 2021, through the. The mini-review was prepared in Goiânia, Goiás, from September to October 2021, through the Online Scientific Library (Scielo), internet, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, Frontiers, Publons, Qeios, Portal of Scientific Journals in Health Sciences, Pubmed, Online Scientific Library (Scielo), internet, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, Frontiers, Biological Abstract, Publons, Qeios, Portal of Scientific Journals in Health Sciences, and Pubmed, Dialnet, World, Wide Science, Springer, RefSeek, Microsoft Academic, Science, ERIC, Science Research.com, SEEK education, Periódicos CAPES, Google Academic, Bioline International and VADLO.

Study of the bioecology of Chrysomya (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) (Diptera: Calliphoridae): Collections

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 042-055
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Forensic Entomology ◽  
Cycle Length ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Chrysomya Megacephala ◽  
The Family ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

The Chrysomya primary importance to the field of medico legal Forensic Entomology is due to the genus' predictable life cycle length, allowing researchers to accurately estimate a postmortem interval. The aim of this study was to carry out a bibliographical summary on the blowflies of the genus Chrysomya (Insecta: Calliphoridae) with emphasis on the species: Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), Chrysomya megacephala, (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann, 1830). The mini review consists of bibliographical research on the muscoid dipterans (Muscomorpha) (Order: Diptera). The research was carried out in studies related to quantitative aspects of the Family and Species (taxonomic groups) and in conceptual aspects such as origin, geographic distribution, biology, life cycle, as a secondary vector of enterobacteria, for causing secondary myiasis and importance in Forensic Emtomology. A literature search was carried out containing articles published from 1971 to 2021. The mini review was prepared in Goiânia, Goiás, from August to September 2021, through the Online Scientific Library (Scielo) and internet. This is a family of blowflies of great ecological and medical-sanitary importance, as they are decomposers of organic matter, with their larvae usually developing in decayed material of animal origin, decomposing it and quickly consuming the carcasses, thus removing possible sources of diseases and recycling nutrients.

Studies on Polystomella Lamarck (Foraminifera)

1942 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret W. Jepps
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
Laboratory Cultures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nuclear Changes ◽  
Opening Up

Part I. After a brief statement of the present unsatisfactory position regarding the life history of Polystomella crispa, an account is given of experiments with various fixatives on P. crispa, collected near Drake's Island, Plymouth. A method is described for the cultivation of Polystomella in diatom cultures, especially with Navicula mutica var., with which a flagellate (Bodo sp.) was constantly present. The identification of individual Foraminifera, and determination of growth, were often possible by some irregularity in the shell, or by noting the attachment of one or more stalked egg cocoons of an unknown turbellarian worm. The feeding of Polystomella on diatoms seized by the pseudopodia outside the shell is described; the structures previously taken for ingested algal cells inside the shell are shown to be foraminal plugs (‘bouchons’ of le Calvez) which are discarded from time to time and thrown out of the shell along with the excretory granules (xanthosomes), mostly via the canal system.Part II. Notes are given on the microspheric form and its reproduction, through the spring and summer, by schizogony. The rearing of two broods in laboratory cultures is described, with an account of the formation of a new chamber to the shell. It is concluded that a complete life cycle consisting of one microspheric and one megalospheric phase occupies a period of about two years.Part III. Sporulation of the megalospheric form is described as seen during life; and various factors are discussed which might affect the process. The relatively small size of the reproducing Polystomella with which Lister worked is ascribed to their having lived under less favourable conditions. From a study of stained preparations, certain details are added concerning the opening up of the shell, presumably to facilitate the eventual escape of the flagellate swarm spores; also concerning the accompanying cytoplasmic and nuclear changes. Some account is given of the form and structure of the swarm spores, both alive and in permanent preparations. Experiments are described which constitute an attempt to carry the life cycle beyond the stage of sporulation. They are so far unsuccessful, with one possible exception, under all the various experimental conditions which are briefly discussed in their turn.

scholarly journals The larval structures and bionomics of Idgia iriomoteana (Coleoptera: Prionoceridae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 427-434
Author(s):  
Makoto Asano
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
The Family ◽  
In Captivity

The life cycle, bionomics and mature larval structures of the Japanese prionocerid species, Idgia iriomoteana Nakane, 1980 were investigated in captivity. The results showed that I. iriomoteana has the following characteristics: (1) the larval morph is less advanced in terms of miniaturization, and larvae pass seven larval molts before they pupate; (2) the life cycle is univoltine with summer, not winter, dormancy; (3) the first instar larvae are larger than the size of the egg, but foetomorphic larval instar (which is observed in the Melyridae: Malachiinae) is not shown. Based on comparison with melyrid species, the degree of miniaturization, dormancy behaviour, adaptation to the tropical and subtropical climates and the adaptive significance of a large first instar larva are all discussed. This study is the first to report the complete life cycle of a member of the family Prionoceridae.

Study of the biology of the Tachinidae family

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 042-056
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
The Family ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Tachinids are muscoid caliptrate dipterans belonging to the Oestroid superfamily along with groups such as meat flies (Sarcophagidae), bottle flies (Calliphoridae) and bot flies (Oestridae) The objective of this collection consists of bibliographical research on the Muscoid dipterans of the Tachinidae Family. The research was carried out in studies related to quantitative aspects of the Family and Species (taxonomic groups) and conceptual aspects such as: geographical distribution, hosts, species, life cycle and reproduction. A literature search was carried out containing articles published from 1987 to 2021. The mini review was prepared in Goiânia, Goiás, from September to October 2021, through the Online Scientific Library (Scielo), internet, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, Frontiers, Publons, Qeios, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, Frontiers, Publons, Qeios and Portal of Scientific Journals in Health Sciences, https://goo.gl/gLTTTs and https://www.growkudos.com/register.

Biology of Sarcophagidae (Diptera): Mini review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 034-046
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Forensic Entomology ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
The Family ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

The aim of this study is to report the Biology of Sarcophagidae. The mini review consists of bibliographical research on the muscoid dipterans (Muscomorpha) (Order: Diptera). The research was carried out in studies related to quantitative aspects of the Family and Species (taxonomic groups) and in conceptual aspects such as: geographic distribution, biology, traps, life cycle, vector of bacteria and importance in Forensic Entomology. A literature search was carried out containing articles published from 1971 to 2021. The mini review was prepared in Goiânia, Goiás, from August to September 2021, through the Online Scientific Library (Scielo), internet, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, Frontiers, Publons, Qeios and Portal of Scientific Journals in Health Sciences, https://goo.gl/gLTTTs and https://www.growkudos.com/register.

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