scholarly journals Transfer of CRISPR-like activity of MIMIVIRE into Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azza Said ◽  
La Scola Bernard ◽  
Levasseur Anthony ◽  
Perrin Pierre ◽  
Chabrière Eric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Unknown Function ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Gene ◽  
Chloramphenicol Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Defence System

AbstractMIMIVIRE is a defence system utilized by lineage A Mimiviruses against Zamilon virophages. It is composed of a helicase, a nuclease and a gene of unknown function here named trcg (for Target Repeat-Containing gene), which contains four 15-bp repeats identical to the Zamilon sequence. Their silencing restored susceptibility to Zamilon, and the CRISPR-Cas4-like activity of the nuclease was recently characterised. We expressed these 3 genes after transformation of a modified strain of Escherichia coli made resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline. The virophage repeats were replaced with four repeats of 15 nucleotides identical to a sequence in the tetracycline resistance gene. The induction of the MIMIVIRE genes restored E. coli sensitivity to tetracycline; the tetracycline operon and its supporting plasmid harbouring the chloramphenicol resistance gene vanished. We therefore efficiently transferred the defence system MIMIVIRE from giant Mimivirus against virophage to E. coli to clear it from a plasmid.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance and Transfer of Tetracycline Resistance Genes in Escherichia coli Isolates from Beef Cattle

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (16) ◽  
pp. 5560-5566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Won Shin ◽  
Min Kyoung Shin ◽  
Myunghwan Jung ◽  
Kuastros Mekonnen Belaynehe ◽  
Han Sang Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Genes

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and transferability of resistance in tetracycline-resistantEscherichia coliisolates recovered from beef cattle in South Korea. A total of 155E. coliisolates were collected from feces in South Korea, and 146 were confirmed to be resistant to tetracycline. The tetracycline resistance genetet(A) (46.5%) was the most prevalent, followed bytet(B) (45.1%) andtet(C) (5.8%). Strains carryingtet(A) plustet(B) andtet(B) plustet(C) were detected in two isolates each. In terms of phylogenetic grouping, 101 (65.2%) isolates were classified as phylogenetic group B1, followed in decreasing order by D (17.4%), A (14.2%), and B2 (3.2%). Ninety-one (62.3%) isolates were determined to be multidrug resistant by the disk diffusion method. MIC testing using the principal tetracyclines, namely, tetracycline, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, and minocycline, revealed that isolates carryingtet(B) had higher MIC values than isolates carryingtet(A). Conjugation assays showed that 121 (82.9%) isolates could transfer a tetracycline resistance gene to a recipient via the IncFIB replicon (65.1%). This study suggests that the high prevalence of tetracycline-resistantE. coliisolates in beef cattle is due to the transferability of tetracycline resistance genes betweenE. colipopulations which have survived the selective pressure caused by the use of antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance features in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli strains isolated from hospital and community acquired urinary tract infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 2244-2248
Author(s):  
AL SHAIKHLI NAWFAL HAITHAM ◽  
VIOLETA CORINA CRISTEA ◽  
IRINA GHEORGHE ◽  
SAJJAD MOHSIN IRRAYIF ◽  
HAMZAH BASIL MOHAMMED ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Gene ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Maldi Biotyper ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Automated Methods

A total number of 35 strains (n=23 of K. pneumoniae and n=12 of E.coli) were isolated in May 2017 from patients with UTI, hospitalized in the National Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu and from community infections (CA) diagnosed in Central Reference Synevo-Medicover Laboratory from Bucharest. The hospital strains were identified by BD Phoenix and the CA ones by mass spectrometry using MALDI Biotyper. The antibiotic susceptibility was determined by agar disk diffusion (CLSI, 2017) and automated methods (BD Phoenix and Vitek II system). For molecular characterization, all strains were analyzed be using PCR amplification. The investigated strains revealed the presence of tetracycline resistance gene, i.e. tet(A) (67% in E. coli and 45% of K. pneumoniae strains), tet(D) (8% of E. coli and 5% of K. pneumoniae strains), carbapenemase genes (blaOXA-48 in 40% of the K. pneumoniae strains); blaTEM (25% of E. coli strains and 10% of K. pneumoniae strains).

Stable maintenance in chemostat-grown Escherichia coli of pBR322 and pACYC184 by disruption of the tetracycline resistance gene*

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Vernet ◽  
Ian J. McDonald ◽  
Dave R. Cameron ◽  
Louis P. Visentin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Plasmid Stability ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Cloning Vector ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Gene ◽  
Plasmid Maintenance ◽  
Stable Maintenance ◽  
Vector Pbr322

Plasmid stability was studied in antibiotic-free chemo-stat cultures. Disruption, either by deletion or insertion, of the tetracycline resistance gene in the EcoRl/EcoRV region of the cloning vector pBR322 or in the HindIII]BamHl region of pACYCI84 yields plasmids markedly more stable than the parent plasmids. Thus, at least for these two instances, cloning of a partitioning (par) locus is not prerequisite for plasmid maintenance.

scholarly journals Effects of pulsed in-feed antimicrobials on chicken fecal resistome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyuan Chen ◽  
Jintao Yang ◽  
Jiaxiong Zeng ◽  
Jie Hao ◽  
Ruonan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance Gene ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Gene ◽  
Chloramphenicol Resistance ◽  
Fecal Microbiome

Abstract Background: Antimicrobial resistance has become a global problem that poses great threats to human health. Antimicrobials are widely used in broiler chicken production and consequently affect the fecal resistome. Here we used metagenomic approach to investigate the effects of pulsed antimicrobial administration on chicken fecal resistome. Chickens received three 5-day-course of alone/combined antimicrobials at therapeutic dose, including amoxicillin, chlortetracycline and florfenicol. Chicken feces was collected on T0 (before treatment), T5 (after first treatment), T10 (after second treatment), T15 (after third treatment) at the chicken age of 40 days that are ready for slaughter. Results: Tetracycline resistance gene and polymyxin resistance gene only responded to chlortetracycline and amoxicillin, respectively. The tetracycline resistance gene tetC significantly increased from T0 to T15 in chlortetracycline group. The multidrug resistance gene acrB, acrF, mdtA, mdtK and CRP only occurred significant increase in amoxicillin group (P<0.05). Klebsiella significantly decreased from T0 to T10 in florfenicol group, while significantly increased from T0 to T15 in chlortetracycline group (P<0.05). Amoxicillin did not lead significant change to Klebsiella. Escherichia was always the major host for multidrug resistance genes. ARG-harboring Escherichia increased mainly due to the antimicrobial selection for β-lactam, tetracycline, chloramphenicol resistance genes they harbored. Conclusions: The results indicated that the effects induced by amoxicillin, chlortetracycline and florfenicol significantly shaped the fecal microbiome and resistome. We provided a comprehensive insight into antimicrobial-mediated alteration of chicken fecal microbiome and resistome. These findings will give suggests to veterinarian for combating antimicrobial resistance in broiler chicken production.

Whole-genome analysis of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) MDR ST73 and ST127 isolated from endangered southern resident killer whales (Orcinus orca)

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 2176-2180
Author(s):  
Daira Melendez ◽  
Marilyn C Roberts ◽  
Alexander L Greninger ◽  
Scott Weissman ◽  
David No ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Orcinus Orca ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
Whole Genome Analysis ◽  
E Coli

Abstract Background Limited studies have investigated the microbial diversity of wild marine mammals. Objectives This study characterized Escherichia coli isolates collected from fresh faecal samples of endangered southern resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) located by detection dogs. Methods WGS of each strain was done to determine ST (using MLST), clonotype (C:H), antimicrobial resistance and virulence profile. Conjugation experiments were done to determine the mobility of the tet(B) tetracycline resistance gene. Results All isolates belonged to extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) clonal lineages ST73 (8/9) and ST127 (1/9), often associated with human community-acquired urinary tract disease. Clonotyping using fumC and fimH alleles showed divergence in clonal lineages, with ST73 isolates belonging to the C24:H10 clade and the ST127 isolate belonging to C14:H2. The eight ST73 isolates carried multiple acquired antibiotic resistance genes, including aadA1, sul1 and tet(B), encoding aminoglycoside, sulphonamide and tetracycline resistance, respectively. Conjugative transfer of the resistance gene tet(B) was observed for three of the eight isolates. ST127 did not carry any of these acquired resistance genes. Virulence-associated genes identified included those encoding adhesins (iha, papC, sfaS), toxins (sat, vat, pic, hlyA, cnf1), siderophores (iutA, fyuA, iroN, ireA), serum survival/protectins (iss, ompT), capsule (kpsM) and pathogenicity island marker (malX). Conclusions Orca whales can carry antibiotic-resistant potentially pathogenic strains of E. coli. Possible sources include contamination of the whale’s environment and/or food. It is unknown whether these isolates cause disease in southern resident killer whales, which could contribute to the ongoing decline of this critically endangered population.

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