scholarly journals Structures of virus-like capsids formed by the Drosophila neuronal Arc proteins

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Erlendsson ◽  
Dustin R. Morado ◽  
Jason D. Shepherd ◽  
John A. G. Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Positive Selection ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Specificity ◽  
Positive Selection Pressure ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Neuronal Protein ◽  
Neuronal Signalling

AbstractThe neuronal protein Arc is a critical mediator of synaptic plasticity. Arc originated in tetrapods and flies through domestication of retrotransposon Gag genes. Recent studies have suggested that Arc mediates intercellular mRNA transfer and like Gag, can form capsid-like structures. Here we report that Drosophila proteins dArc1 and dArc2 assemble virus-like capsids. We determine the capsid structures to 2.8 Å and 3.7 Å resolution, respectively, finding similarity to capsids of retroviruses and retrotransposons. Differences between dArc1 and dArc2 capsids, including the presence of a structured zinc-finger pair in dArc1, are consistent with differential RNA-binding specificity. Our data support a model in which ancestral capsid-forming and RNA-binding properties of Arc remain under positive selection pressure and have been repurposed to function in neuronal signalling.

scholarly journals Diversity analysis of amp gene sequences in the ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma meliae’

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco D. Fernández ◽  
Luis R. Conci
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Positive Selection ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Extracellular Domain ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Positive Selection Pressure ◽  
Host Cytoplasm ◽  
A Cell ◽  
First Time

AbstractPhytoplasmas are plant pathogenic bacteria transmitted by insects. As endosymbiotic bacteria that lack a cell wall, their membrane proteins are in direct contact with host cytoplasm. In phytoplasmas the immunodominant membrane proteins (IDPs), are the most abundant proteins of the cell membrane. The antigenic membrane protein (Amp), one of the three types of IDPs, is characterized by a positive selection pressure acting in their extracellular domain. In South America, the ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma meliae’ has been associated to chinaberry yellows disease. In the present work, we describe for the first time the structure, phylogeny and selection pressure of amp gene in sixteen ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma meliae’ isolates. Our results indicate that amp gene sequences preserve the structure, large extracellular domain flanked by to hydrophobic domains in the N- (signal peptide) and C-termini (transmembrane), previously described in its orthologues and high divergence in the amino acids residues from extracellular domain. Moreover, a positive selection pressure was detected predominantly in this region confirming previous reports.

scholarly journals Change of Positive Selection Pressure on HIV-1 Envelope Gene Inferred by Early and Recent Samples

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. e18630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izumi Yoshida ◽  
Wataru Sugiura ◽  
Junko Shibata ◽  
Fengrong Ren ◽  
Ziheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Selection ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Envelope Gene ◽  
Positive Selection Pressure ◽  
Hiv 1

Positive selection pressure on the B/C domains of the E2-gene of classical swine fever virus in endemic areas under C-strain vaccination

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1405-1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lester Josué Pérez ◽  
Heidy Díaz de Arce ◽  
Carmen Laura Perera ◽  
Rosa Rosell ◽  
Maria T. Frías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Selection ◽  
Classical Swine Fever Virus ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Positive Selection Pressure ◽  
E2 Gene ◽  
Endemic Areas

scholarly journals Role of Positive Selection Pressure on the Evolution of H5N1 Hemagglutinin

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata R.S.K. Duvvuri ◽  
Bhargavi Duvvuri ◽  
Wilfred R. Cuff ◽  
Gillian E. Wu ◽  
Jianhong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Positive Selection ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Positive Selection Pressure
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