scholarly journals Linking alpha oscillations, attention and inhibitory control in adult ADHD with EEG neurofeedback

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Pierre Deiber ◽  
Roland Hasler ◽  
Julien Colin ◽  
Alexandre Dayer ◽  
Jean-Michel Aubry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Alpha Rhythm ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
List Type ◽  
Alpha Oscillations

AbstractAbnormal patterns of electrical oscillatory activity have been repeatedly described in adult ADHD. In particular, the alpha rhythm (8-12 Hz), known to be modulated during attention, has previously been considered as candidate biomarker for ADHD. In the present study, we asked adult ADHD patients to self-regulate their own alpha rhythm using neurofeedback (NFB), in order to examine the modulation of alpha oscillations on attentional performance and brain plasticity. Twenty-five adult ADHD patients and 22 healthy controls underwent a 64-channel EEG-recording at resting-state and during a Go/NoGo task, before and after a 30 min-NFB session designed to reduce (desynchronize) the power of the alpha rhythm. Alpha power was compared across conditions and groups, and the effects of NFB were statistically assessed by comparing behavioral and EEG measures pre-to-post NFB. Firstly, we found that relative alpha power was attenuated in our ADHD cohort compared to control subjects at baseline and across experimental conditions, suggesting a signature of cortical hyper-activation. Both groups demonstrated a significant and targeted reduction of alpha power during NFB. Interestingly, we observed a post-NFB increase in resting-state alpha (i.e. rebound) in the ADHD group, which restored alpha power towards levels of the normal population. Importantly, the degree of post-NFB alpha normalisation during the Go/NoGo task correlated with individual improvements in motor inhibition (i.e. reduced commission errors and slower reaction times in NoGo trials) only in the ADHD group. Overall, our findings offer novel supporting evidence implicating alpha oscillations in inhibitory control, as well as their potential role in the homeostatic regulation of cortical excitatory/inhibitory balance.HighlightsResting alpha power is reduced in adult ADHD suggesting cortical hyper-activationAdult ADHD patients successfully reduce alpha power during neurofeedbackA post-neurofeedback rebound normalizes alpha power in adult ADHDAlpha power rebound correlates with improvement of inhibitory control in adult ADHD

scholarly journals Intrinsic sensory disinhibition contributes to intrusive re-experiencing in combat veterans

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Clancy ◽  
Alejandro Albizu ◽  
Norman B. Schmidt ◽  
Wen Li
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Combat Veterans ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Cortical Inhibition ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
List Type ◽  
Trauma Memory ◽  
Novel Target ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTIntrusive re-experiencing of traumatic events is a hallmark symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In contrast to abstract, verbal intrusions in other affective disorders, intrusive re-experiencing in PTSD is characterized by vivid sensory details as “flashbacks”. While prevailing PTSD models largely focus on dysregulated emotional processes, we hypothesize that deficient sensory inhibition in PTSD could drive overactivation of sensory representations of trauma memories, precipitating sensory-rich intrusions of trauma. In 86 combat veterans, we examined resting-state alpha (8-12 Hz) oscillatory activity (in both power and posterior→frontal connectivity), given its key role in sensory cortical inhibition, in association with intrusive re-experiencing symptoms. A subset (N = 35) of veterans further participated in an odor task (including both combat and non-combat odors) to assess olfactory trauma memory and emotional response. We observed a strong association between intrusive re-experiencing symptoms and attenuated resting-state posterior→frontal alpha connectivity, which were both correlated with olfactory trauma memory (but not emotional response). Importantly, olfactory trauma memory was further identified as a full mediator of the relationship between alpha connectivity and intrusive re-experiencing in these veterans, suggesting that deficits in intrinsic sensory inhibition can contribute to intrusive re-experiencing of trauma via heightened trauma memory. Therefore, by permitting unfiltered sensory cues to enter information processing and spontaneously activating sensory representations of trauma, impaired sensory inhibition can constitute a sensory mechanism of intrusive re-experiencing in PTSD.HIGHLIGHTSAlpha oscillations (indexing sensory inhibition) measured in 86 combat veteransRe-experiencing symptom severity was associated with attenuated alpha connectivityTrauma memory for, not emotional response to, odors mediated this relationshipTrauma memories may arise via disinhibited activation of sensory representationsSensory systems may be novel target for intrusive re-experiencing symptom treatment

scholarly journals Linking alpha oscillations, attention and inhibitory control in adult ADHD with EEG neurofeedback

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 102145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Pierre Deiber ◽  
Roland Hasler ◽  
Julien Colin ◽  
Alexandre Dayer ◽  
Jean-Michel Aubry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Alpha Oscillations ◽  
Eeg Neurofeedback

scholarly journals Methylphenidate normalizes aberrant beta oscillations and reduces alpha power during retention in children with ADHD

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mazzetti ◽  
N. ter Huurne ◽  
J.K. Buitelaar ◽  
O. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Stimulant Medication ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Brain Oscillations ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Alpha 7

AbstractAttention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been intensively studied in neurodevelopmental research, with the aim to identify the neural substrates of the disorder. Prior studies have established that brain oscillations in specific frequency ranges associated with attention and motor tasks are altered in ADHD patients as compared to typically developing (TD) peers. We hypothesized that the behavioral improvement following medication in ADHD patients should be accompanied by a normalization in the modulation of such oscillations. We hence implemented a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover design, where boys diagnosed with ADHD underwent behavioral and MEG measurements during a spatial attention task while on and off stimulant medication (methylphenidate, MPH). Results were compared with an age/IQ-matched TD group performing the same task, to assess the effect of MPH on oscillatory activity in the alpha (7 – 13Hz) and beta (15 – 30Hz) bands. We observed that depression of beta band oscillation over motor cortex in preparation to the response in ADHD boys on placebo were significantly lower as compared to the TD group. Importantly MPH resulted in a normalization of the beta depression, which then reached the same levels as in the control subjects. Furthermore, alpha power increased during the preparation interval in the ADHD control group, supposedly reflecting working memory maintenance of the cue information. This increase was significantly reduced in the ADHD group on MPH, reflecting a reduced impact on working memory load. This is the first MEG study showing task related changes in brain oscillations with MPH in children with ADHD.Significance statementBrain oscillations in the alpha (7-13Hz) and beta (15-30Hz) frequency bands are thought to underly different aspects of attentional processing and their aberrant modulation has been reported in ADHD. Here, we used a child-friendly adaptation of a Posner cueing paradigm to investigate such oscillations in children with and without a diagnosis of ADHD, and further examined the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) in the latter group. We showed that MPH restores aberrant patterns of beta desynchronization and reduces alpha power during retention in the ADHD group, concomitant to an improvement in behavioural performance.

scholarly journals Prolonged Pain Reliably Slows Peak Alpha Frequency by Reducing Fast Alpha Power

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J Furman ◽  
Mariya Prohorenko ◽  
Michael L Keaser ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Shuo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alpha Rhythm ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Heat Pain ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Alpha Frequency ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Target ◽  
Prolonged Pain ◽  
Ongoing Pain ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the 8-12 Hz alpha rhythm, the predominant oscillatory activity of the brain, and pain remains unclear. In healthy individuals, acute, noxious stimuli suppress alpha power while patients with chronic pain demonstrate both enhanced alpha power and slowing of the peak alpha frequency (PAF). To investigate these apparent differences, EEG was recorded from healthy individuals while they completed two models of prolonged pain, Phasic Heat Pain and Capsaicin Heat Pain, at two testing visits occurring roughly 8 weeks apart. We report that PAF is reliably slowed and that alpha power is reliably decreased in response to prolonged pain. Furthermore, we show that alpha power changes, but not PAF changes, are fully reversed with stimulus removal suggesting that PAF slowing reflects pain associated states such as sensitization rather than the presence of ongoing pain. Finally, we provide evidence that changes to alpha power and PAF are due to power decreases in the fast (10-12 Hz) range of the alpha rhythm. This frequency dependent pain response aligns with the hypothesis that the alpha rhythm is composed of multiple, independent oscillators, and suggest that modulation of a putative fast oscillator may represent a promising therapeutic target for treating ongoing pain. In sum, we provide strong evidence that PAF is reliably slowed during prolonged pain and additionally identify a mechanism, fast alpha Power, which is responsible for these PAF changes.

scholarly journals The Noise-Resilient Brain: Resting-State Oscillatory Activity Predicts Words-In-Noise Recognition

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Houweling ◽  
Robert Becker ◽  
Alexis Hervais-Adelman
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Phonological Processing ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
List Type ◽  
Gamma Frequency ◽  
Human Connectome Project

AbstractThe role of neuronal oscillations in the processing of speech has recently come to prominence. Since resting-state (RS) brain activity has been shown to predict both task-related brain activation and behavioural performance, we set out to establish whether inter-individual differences in spectrally-resolved RS-MEG power are associated with variations in words-in-noise recognition in a sample of 88 participants made available by the Human Connectome Project. Positive associations with resilience to noise were observed with power in the range 21 and 29Hz in a number of areas along the left temporal gyrus and temporo-parietal association areas peaking in left posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG). Significant associations were also found in the right posterior superior temporal gyrus in the frequency range 30 to 40Hz. We propose that individual differences in words-in-noise performance are related to baseline excitability levels of the neural substrates of phonological processing.HighlightsPower of resting MEG activity predicts Words-In-Noise recognition performanceSignificant associations in higher beta and lower gamma frequency bandStrongest in left-lateralised perisylvian cluster peaking in posterior STGEffects are spectrally and spatially consistent with phoneme-level processing

scholarly journals Alpha Oscillations during Incidental Encoding Predict Subsequent Memory for New “Foil” Information

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Vogelsang ◽  
Matthias Gruber ◽  
Zara M. Bergström ◽  
Charan Ranganath ◽  
Jon S. Simons
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Alpha Oscillations ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Frontal Electrode

People can employ adaptive strategies to increase the likelihood that previously encoded information will be successfully retrieved. One such strategy is to constrain retrieval toward relevant information by reimplementing the neurocognitive processes that were engaged during encoding. Using EEG, we examined the temporal dynamics with which constraining retrieval toward semantic versus nonsemantic information affects the processing of new “foil” information encountered during a memory test. Time–frequency analysis of EEG data acquired during an initial study phase revealed that semantic compared with nonsemantic processing was associated with alpha decreases in a left frontal electrode cluster from around 600 msec after stimulus onset. Successful encoding of semantic versus nonsemantic foils during a subsequent memory test was related to decreases in alpha oscillatory activity in the same left frontal electrode cluster, which emerged relatively late in the trial at around 1000–1600 msec after stimulus onset. Across participants, left frontal alpha power elicited by semantic processing during the study phase correlated significantly with left frontal alpha power associated with semantic foil encoding during the memory test. Furthermore, larger left frontal alpha power decreases elicited by semantic foil encoding during the memory test predicted better subsequent semantic foil recognition in an additional surprise foil memory test, although this effect did not reach significance. These findings indicate that constraining retrieval toward semantic information involves reimplementing semantic encoding operations that are mediated by alpha oscillations and that such reimplementation occurs at a late stage of memory retrieval, perhaps reflecting additional monitoring processes.

scholarly journals Alpha oscillations are involved in localizing touch on hand-held tools

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecile Fabio ◽  
Romeo Salemme ◽  
Eric Koun ◽  
Alessandro Farne ◽  
Luke E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Alpha Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Alpha Oscillations ◽  
External Space ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Alpha 7 ◽  
Sense Of Touch

The sense of touch is not restricted to the body but can also extend to external objects. When we use a hand-held tool to contact an object, we feel the touch on the tool and not in the hand holding the tool. The ability to perceive touch on a tool actually extends along its entire surface, allowing the user to accurately localize where it is touched similarly as they would on their body. While the neural mechanisms underlying the ability to localize touch on the body have been largely investigated, those allowing to localize touch on a tool are still unknown. We aimed to fill this gap by recording the EEG signal of participants while they localized tactile stimuli on a hand-held rod. We focused on oscillatory activity in the alpha (7-14 Hz) and beta (15-30 Hz) range, as they have been previously linked to distinct spatial codes used to localize touch on the body. Beta activity reflects the mapping of touch in skin-based coordinates, whereas alpha activity reflects the mapping of touch in external space. We found that alpha activity was solely modulated by the location of tactile stimuli applied on a hand-held rod. Source reconstruction suggested that this alpha power modulation was localized in a network of fronto-parietal regions previously implicated in higher-order tactile and spatial processing. These findings are the first to implicate alpha oscillations in tool-extended sensing and suggest an important role for processing touch in external space when localizing touch on a tool.

scholarly journals Hemispheric differences in altered reactivity of brain oscillations at rest after posterior lesions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Gallina ◽  
Mattia Pietrelli ◽  
Marco Zanon ◽  
Caterina Bertini
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Alpha Oscillations ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Right ◽  
Theta Range

AbstractA variety of evidence supports the dominance of the right hemisphere in perceptual and visuo-spatial processing. Although growing evidence shows a strong link between alpha oscillations and the functionality of the visual system, asymmetries in alpha oscillatory patterns still need to be investigated. Converging findings indicate that the typical alpha desynchronization occurring in the transition from the eyes-closed to the eyes-open resting state might represent an index of reactivity of the visual system. Thus, investigating hemispheric asymmetries in EEG reactivity at the opening of the eyes in brain-lesioned patients may shed light on the contribution of specific cortical sites and each hemisphere in regulating the oscillatory patterns reflecting the functionality of the visual system. To this aim, EEG signal was recorded during eyes-closed and eyes-open resting state in hemianopic patients with posterior left or right lesions, patients without hemianopia with anterior lesions and healthy controls. Hemianopics with both left and right posterior lesions showed a reduced alpha reactivity at the opening of the eyes, suggesting that posterior cortices have a pivotal role in the functionality of alpha oscillations. However, right-lesioned hemianopics showed a greater dysfunction, demonstrated by a reactivity reduction more distributed over the scalp, compared to left-lesioned hemianopics. Moreover, they also revealed impaired reactivity in the theta range. This favors the hypothesis of a specialized role of the right hemisphere in orchestrating oscillatory patterns, both coordinating widespread alpha oscillatory activity and organizing focal processing in the theta range, to support visual processing at the opening of the eyes.

scholarly journals Alpha oscillations during incidental encoding predict subsequent memory for new “foil” information

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Vogelsang ◽  
Matthias Gruber ◽  
Zara M. Bergström ◽  
Charan Ranganath ◽  
Jon S. Simons
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Semantic Information ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Alpha Oscillations ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Frontal Electrode

AbstractPeople can employ adaptive strategies to increase the likelihood that previously encoded information will be successfully retrieved. One such strategy is to constrain retrieval towards relevant information by re-implementing the neurocognitive processes that were engaged during encoding. Using electroencephalography (EEG), we examined the temporal dynamics with which constraining retrieval towards semantic versus non-semantic information affects the processing of new “foil” information encountered during a memory test. Time-frequency analysis of EEG data acquired during an initial study phase revealed that semantic compared to non-semantic processing was associated with alpha decreases in a left frontal electrode cluster from around 600ms after stimulus onset. Successful encoding of semantic versus non-semantic foils during a subsequent memory test was related to decreases in alpha oscillatory activity in the same left frontal electrode cluster, which emerged relatively late in the trial at around 1000–1600ms after stimulus onset. Across subjects, left frontal alpha power elicited by semantic processing during the study phase correlated significantly with left frontal alpha power associated with semantic foil encoding during the memory test. Furthermore, larger left frontal alpha power decreases elicited by semantic foil encoding during the memory test predicted better subsequent semantic foil recognition in an additional surprise foil memory test. These findings indicate that constraining retrieval towards semantic information involves re-implementing semantic encoding operations that are mediated by alpha oscillations, and that such re-implementation occurs at a late stage of memory retrieval perhaps reflecting additional monitoring processes.

scholarly journals Impoverished Inhibitory Control Exacerbates Multisensory Impairments in Older Fallers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra N. Scurry ◽  
Zachary Lovelady ◽  
Daniela M. Lemus ◽  
Fang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Gamma Activity ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Impaired Performance ◽  
Perceptual Performance ◽  
Illusory Percept

Impaired temporal perception of multisensory cues is a common phenomenon observed in older adults that can lead to unreliable percepts of the external world. For instance, the sound induced flash illusion (SIFI) can induce an illusory percept of a second flash by presenting a beep close in time to an initial flash-beep pair. Older adults that have enhanced susceptibility to a fall demonstrate significantly stronger illusion percepts during the SIFI task compared to those older adults without any history of falling. We hypothesize that a global inhibitory deficit may be driving the impairments across both postural stability and multisensory function in older adults with a fall history (FH). We investigated oscillatory activity and perceptual performance during the SIFI task, to understand how active sensory processing, measured by gamma (30–80 Hz) power, was regulated by alpha activity (8–13 Hz), oscillations that reflect inhibitory control. Compared to young adults (YA), the FH and non-faller (NF) groups demonstrated enhanced susceptibility to the SIFI. Further, the FH group had significantly greater illusion strength compared to the NF group. The FH group also showed significantly impaired performance relative to YA during congruent trials (2 flash-beep pairs resulting in veridical perception of 2 flashes). In illusion compared to non-illusion trials, the NF group demonstrated reduced alpha power (or diminished inhibitory control). Relative to YA and NF, the FH group showed reduced phase-amplitude coupling between alpha and gamma activity in non-illusion trials. This loss of inhibitory capacity over sensory processing in FH compared to NF suggests a more severe change than that consequent of natural aging.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document