scholarly journals Lop-eared rabbits have more aural and dental problems than erect-eared rabbits: a rescue population study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jade C. Johnson ◽  
Charlotte C. Burn
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Dental Pathology ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Welfare Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ear Canals ◽  
Lop Ears

AbstractThis research aimed to assess whether rabbits having lop-ears is a welfare issue by investigating the occurrence of aural and dental pathology in lop-eared compared with erect-eared rabbits.Thirty rabbits (15 lop-eared and 15 erect-eared) from a rabbit-only rescue shelter were examined. An otoscope was used to visualise the ear canals and mouth. Samples were taken from each ear to examine for mites, bacteria and yeast. Medical records were also examined.Lop-eared rabbits showed statistically significantly more frequent ear canal stenosis, higher scores of cerumen and erythema, and more frequent potential pain response during ear examination, compared with erect-eared rabbits. We also found statistically significantly more frequent incisor pathology, molar overgrowth, molar sharpness, molar spurs and history of veterinary dental treatment in lop-eared compared with erect-eared rabbits. The effect sizes were often large. Age was not statistically significant between the lop- and erect-eared rabbit groups.Thus, lop-eared rabbits are at an increased risk of aural and dental pathology. This brings into debate the ethics of breeding and buying lop-eared rabbits, as they are more likely to suffer conditions that negatively impact welfare, such as pain, and potentially deafness and difficulty eating.

scholarly journals Lop-eared rabbits have more aural and dental problems than erect-eared rabbits: a rescue population study

2019 ◽  
Vol 185 (24) ◽  
pp. 758-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jade C Johnson ◽  
Charlotte C Burn
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Pain Response ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Dental Pathology ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ear Canals ◽  
Lop Ears

This research aimed to assess whether rabbits having lop ears, an artificially selected conformation, compromises welfare. We investigated the occurrence of aural and dental pathology in lop-eared compared with erect-eared rabbits. Thirty rabbits (15 lop-eared and 15 erect-eared) from a rabbit-only rescue shelter were examined. An otoscope was used to visualise the ear canals and mouth. Samples were taken from each ear to examine for mites, bacteria and yeast. Medical records were also examined. Lop-eared rabbits showed statistically significantly more frequent ear canal stenosis, higher scores of cerumen and erythema and more frequent potential pain response during ear examination, compared with erect-eared rabbits. We also found statistically significantly more frequent incisor pathology, molar overgrowth, molar sharpness, molar spurs and history of veterinary dental treatment in lop-eared compared with erect-eared rabbits. The effect sizes were often large. Age was not statistically significant between the lop-eared and erect-eared rabbit groups. Thus, lop-eared rabbits were at an increased risk of aural and dental pathology in this study. This brings into debate the ethics of breeding and buying lop-eared rabbits, as they are more likely to suffer conditions that negatively impact welfare, such as pain, and potentially deafness and difficulty eating.

Neurosurgical implications of achondroplasia

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. J. King ◽  
Shobhan Vachhrajani ◽  
James M. Drake ◽  
James T. Rutka
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Csf Shunts ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedure ◽  
Sleep Studies ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Csf Diversion ◽  
Sick Children ◽  
Cervicomedullary Compression

Object Achondroplasia is the most common form of human short-limbed dwarfism. The pediatric neurosurgeon is frequently required to treat children with achondroplasia who have hydrocephalus, cervicomedullary compression (CMD), and spinal canal stenosis. Accordingly, the authors have reviewed the experience of neurosurgery in children with achondroplasia at The Hospital for Sick Children. Methods The medical records and neurosurgery database at The Hospital for Sick Children were searched to identify all children with achondroplasia who underwent at least 1 neurosurgical procedure between 1956 and the present. Results Twenty-nine children with achondroplasia underwent 85 surgical procedures: 52 for CSF diversion in 12 patients, 20 for CMD in 18 patients, 8 for spinal disorders in 4 patients, and 5 for miscellaneous purposes in 4 patients. The CSF shunts were placed almost exclusively before 1990 and were associated with a significant number of complications. Patients undergoing CMD did very well, with only 1 patient failing to improve clinically. Conclusions This review provides a historical perspective on the evolution of treatment of pediatric patients with achondroplasia. The use of CSF diversion procedures, formerly fraught with complications, is now rare following the realization of the natural history of CSF space enlargement in these patients. Cervicomedullary compression is more commonly recognized due to better imaging. Central apnea is now better detected by routine sleep studies. Spine surgery, although rare, requires evaluation of both spinal stenosis and instability. These patients are best evaluated by a multidisciplinary team.

scholarly journals Risk factors for systemic thromboembolism after left chamber cardiac thrombi --- A retrospective multi-center study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
wei zhou ◽  
Shun-yi Shi ◽  
Yuan Ji ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multi Center Study ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background : We aimed to characterize the independent predictors of systemic thromboembolism (ST) after left chamber thrombi. Methods: A retrospective analysis on the medical records of 175 patients diagnosed with left chamber thrombi by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) at three centers were carried out. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine the relationship of each characteristic with ST. Multivariate Cox proportional survival analysis was conducted, with covariate adjustments, to identify predictors of all-cause mortality. Results: During a median 42 months of follow-up (25th–75th percentile: 20–62 months), 24 (13.7%) patients had ST, and 62 (35.4%) died. History of diabetes and thrombus mobility were independent predictors of ST (P = 0.003, P = 0.02, respectively). There was a significant association between abnormal ejection fraction (EF) and all-cause mortality (P = 0.003). Conclusions: The morbidity associated with ST and the increased risk for mortality associated with left chamber cardiac thrombi relates to medical history, thrombus state, and diminished heart function.

scholarly journals Identification of risk factors for recurrent febrile convulsion

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Nadirah Rasyid Ridha ◽  
P. Nara ◽  
Hadia Angriani ◽  
Dasril Daud
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Febrile Convulsion ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lower Temperature

Background Febrile convulsion (FC) occurs in about 2 to 4percent of all children, approximately one third of whom willthen develop recurrent febrile convulsion (RFC). Risk factorsfor RFC are family history of convulsions, an age of less than 18months, a relatively lower temperature and shorter duration offever preceeding the first FC.Objective The aim of the study was to determine the risk factorsfor RFC.Methods One hundred children aged 6 months to 5 years withFC or RFC were included in this case-controlled study, which wascarried out from July 2006 to June 2007. Data on the children'sfirst FC were collected from medical records and the family historywas taken directly from the parents.Results Fifty children with RFC and 50 children withoutrecurrence were included in this study. An age of less than 18months (P< 0.0001, COR= 71.37), a family history of FC(P< 0.0001, COR= 6.00), and a fever duration ofless than 12hours preceding the first FC (P< 0.0001, COR = 4.96) wereassociated with a risk of recurrence. A relatively lower degree oftemperature at first febrile convulsion did not increase the riskfor RFC (P = 1.21). Multivariate logistic regression showed thatyounger age and shorter duration of fever preceding the first FCwere associated with RFC.Conclusion Younger age and shorter duration of fever precedingthe first FC are associated with an increased risk ofRFC.

Cervical gonorrhea in a transgender man post hysterectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1232-1234
Author(s):  
Alan R Katz ◽  
Sharon A Hahn ◽  
Juval E Tomas ◽  
Alan Y Komeya
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Pelvic Examination ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Total Hysterectomy ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Transgender Men

A 40-year-old transgender man presented to the Hawaii Department of Health with a one-day history of vaginal discharge. Testing of all exposed sites revealed vaginal and rectal gonorrhea. While he reported a total hysterectomy, pelvic examination revealed a cervix. Review of medical records documented a subtotal hysterectomy; however, the patient had not been screened for cervical cancer or sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for several years after surgery. Transgender men who have sex with cisgender men are at increased risk for HIV and STIs and should be screened at least annually for HIV and STIs from all exposed sites. STI data on transgender men are extremely limited. This case report highlights unmet needs of this population.

scholarly journals Quality of Cancer Family History and Referral for Genetic Counseling and Testing Among Oncology Practices: A Pilot Test of Quality Measures As Part of the American Society of Clinical Oncology Quality Oncology Practice Initiative

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 824-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie E. Wood ◽  
Pamela Kadlubek ◽  
Trang H. Pham ◽  
Dana S. Wollins ◽  
Karen H. Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Counseling ◽  
Family History ◽  
Clinical Oncology ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
High Risk Patient ◽  
Counseling And Testing ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Society ◽  
Oncology Practice

Purpose Family history of cancer (CFH) is important for identifying individuals to receive genetic counseling/testing (GC/GT). Prior studies have demonstrated low rates of family history documentation and referral for GC/GT. Methods CFH quality and GC/GT practices for patients with breast (BC) or colon cancer (CRC) were assessed in 271 practices participating in the American Society of Clinical Oncology Quality Oncology Practice Initiative in fall 2011. Results A total of 212 practices completed measures regarding CFH and GC/GT practices for 10,466 patients; 77.4% of all medical records reviewed documented presence or absence of CFH in first-degree relatives, and 61.5% of medical records documented presence or absence of CFH in second-degree relatives, with significantly higher documentation for patients with BC compared with CRC. Age at diagnosis was documented for all relatives with cancer in 30.7% of medical records (BC, 45.2%; CRC, 35.4%; P ≤ .001). Referall for GC/GT occurred in 22.1% of all patients with BC or CRC. Of patients with increased risk for hereditary cancer, 52.2% of patients with BC and 26.4% of those with CRC were referred for GC/GT. When genetic testing was performed, consent was documented 77.7% of the time, and discussion of results was documented 78.8% of the time. Conclusion We identified low rates of complete CFH documentation and low rates of referral for those with BC or CRC meeting guidelines for referral among US oncologists. Documentation and referral were greater for patients with BC compared with CRC. Education and support regarding the importance of accurate CFH and the benefits of proactive high-risk patient management are clearly needed.

A meta-analytic review of the relation between impulsivity-related traits and family history of alcoholism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Angela Maria Haeny
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
History Of

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Extensive research provides evidence that people with a family history of alcoholism are at risk for developing alcohol use disorder (AUD). Similarly, people with impulsivity-related traits are at increased risk for developing alcohol problems. Importantly, research suggests that impulsivity mediates the relation between family history of alcoholism and the development of alcohol problems. However, impulsivity is a heterogenous construct and has been assessed with a myriad of measures. The present work is a quantitative synthesis of the literature on the relation between family history of alcoholism and impulsivity-related traits and that also examines various potential moderators of this association. Sixty-nine independent effect sizes from 65 studies (N = 11,127) qualified for the meta-analysis. The overall effect size was small-to-moderate (d = .32 [95% CI: 0.25, 0.39], k = 69), and was moderated by offspring age (Z = 3.73, p less than .001), with the effect size increasing with age. When examining specific facets of impulsivity, a small effect was found for harm avoidance (d = -.26 [95% CI: -.41, -.11], k = 10) and was moderated by family history density (Q (1) = 4.12, p = .04) such that the effect was much larger among those with more than one alcoholic family member (d = -.66 [95% CI: -1.10, -.22], k = 3). A small-to-moderate effect size was found for sensation seeking (d = .30 [95% CI: .21, .40], k = 29) and was moderated by age (Z = 3.09, p = .002), with the effect increasing with age. The effect sizes for all other facets of impulsivity were not significant. Notably, there were much fewer studies investigating other facets of impulsivity (e.g., reward dependence, lack of perseverance, lack of planning) compared to sensation seeking, limiting power to detect larger effect sizes. Findings from this review suggest the need for additional studies investigating the relation between specific facets of impulsivity (e.g., positive and negative urgency) and family history of alcoholism. In addition, this review suggests that, to some degree, we can identify phenotypic risk beyond mere family history status and, thus, inform the development of interventions for individuals with a family history of alcoholism, targeting the specific types of impulsivity manifested.

Pneumonitis als gravierende Nebenwirkung bei Asthmapatienten unter Immuntherapie

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
Susanne M. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Characteristic Imaging ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
The Common ◽  
Grade 3

Introduction: Predicting the factors that increase the risk of immune-related pneumonitis, a potentially life-threatening complication of treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer, is a clinical challenge. Baseline clinical factors such as asthma may portend the development of pneumonitis due to pre-existing airway inflammation prior to immunotherapy. Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate whether a prior diagnosis of asthma is associated with an increased risk of immune-related pneumonitis in patients undergoing cancer immunotherapy. Methods: Patients at the Moores Cancer Center at UC San Diego Health undergoing immunotherapy were identified on an IRB-approved protocol. Clinical charts were reviewed for asthma documented in the medical records and CT scans were reviewed during and after treatment. Pneumonitis was defined as the onset of new pulmonary symptoms with characteristic imaging findings during or after a patient’s first course of immunotherapy that could not be readily explained as infection or a progression of malignancy. It was graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Results: A total of 187 patients were included. A diagnosis of asthma was found in the records of 26 cases (13.9%). Pneumonitis was found in 10 cases (5.35%); 50% were grade 2 and 50% were grade 3–4. Two of the grade 3–4 cases (40%) occurred in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Three patients with asthma developed pneumonitis (11.5% of patients with asthma), all grade 3–4. Only 28.6% of the non-asthma-pneumonitis cases were grade 3–4. All (100%) of the asthma-pneumonitis patients were former smokers, while 71.4% of the non-asthma-pneumonitis patients were former smokers. Conclusion: A history of asthma may be associated with a higher grade of pneumonitis if it develops, and a history of smoking may augment this relationship.

Dental Implant Placement in Patients with a History of Medications Related to Osteonecrosis of the Jaws: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judd Sher ◽  
Kate Kirkham-Ali ◽  
Denny Luo ◽  
Catherine Miller ◽  
Dileep Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Bisphosphonate Treatment ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

The present systematic review evaluates the safety of placing dental implants in patients with a history of antiresorptive or antiangiogenic drug therapy. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Web of Science, and OpenGrey databases were used to search for clinical studies (English only) to July 16, 2019. Study quality was assessed regarding randomization, allocation sequence concealment, blinding, incomplete outcome data, selective outcome reporting, and other biases using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for case series. A broad search strategy resulted in the identification of 7542 studies. There were 28 studies reporting on bisphosphonates (5 cohort, 6 case control, and 17 case series) and one study reporting on denosumab (case series) that met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. The quality assessment revealed an overall moderate quality of evidence among the studies. Results demonstrated that patients with a history of bisphosphonate treatment for osteoporosis are not at increased risk of implant failure in terms of osseointegration. However, all patients with a history of bisphosphonate treatment, whether taken orally for osteoporosis or intravenously for malignancy, appear to be at risk of ‘implant surgery-triggered’ MRONJ. In contrast, the risk of MRONJ in patients treated with denosumab for osteoporosis was found to be negligible. In conclusion, general and specialist dentists should exercise caution when planning dental implant therapy in patients with a history of bisphosphonate and denosumab drug therapy. Importantly, all patients with a history of bisphosphonates are at risk of MRONJ, necessitating this to be included in the informed consent obtained prior to implant placement. The James Cook University College of Medicine and Dentistry Honours program and the Australian Dental Research Foundation Colin Cormie Grant were the primary sources of funding for this systematic review.

Family History of Diabetes Is Associated with Increased Risk of Recurrent DKA in Pediatric Patients in Rhode Island

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1378-P
Author(s):  
JANAKI D. VAKHARIA ◽  
SUNGEETA AGRAWAL ◽  
JANINE BACIC ◽  
LISA S. TOPOR
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document