scholarly journals Left prefrontal impact links subthalamic stimulation with depressive symptoms

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike Irmen ◽  
Andreas Horn ◽  
Philip Mosley ◽  
Alistair Perry ◽  
Jan Niklas Petry-Schmelzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
Validation Dataset ◽  
Symptom Change ◽  
Test Set ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stn Dbs

AbstractObjectiveSubthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) not only stimulates focal target structures but also affects distributed brain networks. The impact this network modulation has on non-motor DBS effects is not well characterized. By focusing on the affective domain, we systematically investigate the impact of electrode placement and associated structural connectivity on changes in depressive symptoms following STN-DBS which have been reported to improve, worsen or remain unchanged.MethodsDepressive symptoms before and after STN-DBS surgery were documented in 116 PD patients from three DBS centers (Berlin, Queensland, Cologne). Based on individual electrode reconstructions, the volumes of tissue activated (VTA) were estimated and combined with normative connectome data to identify structural connections passing through VTAs. Berlin and Queensland cohorts formed a training and cross-validation dataset used to identify structural connectivity explaining change in depressive symptoms. The Cologne data served as test-set for which depressive symptom change was predicted.ResultsStructural connectivity was linked to depressive symptom change under STN-DBS. An optimal connectivity map trained on the Berlin cohort could predict changes in depressive symptoms in Queensland patients and vice versa. Furthermore, the joint training-set map predicted changes in depressive symptoms in the independent test-set. Worsening of depressive symptoms was associated with left prefrontal connectivity.InterpretationFibers linking the STN electrode with left prefrontal areas predicted worsening of depressive symptoms. Our results suggest that for the left STN-DBS lead, placement impacting fibers to left prefrontal areas should be avoided to maximize improvement of depressive symptoms.

The Impact of Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation on Depressive Symptoms in Hemodialysis Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 738-752
Author(s):  
Shirin Mohammadi-Kalaveh ◽  
Tahereh Toulabi ◽  
Shirin Hasanvand ◽  
Mohammad Gholami ◽  
Fatemeh Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Psychological Problem ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Depressive symptom is the most frequent psychological problem reported among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients being treated by hemodialysis. This article evaluates the effectiveness of multidisciplinary rehabilitation on depressive symptoms in hemodialysis patients and clarifies the role of nurses. This quasi-experimental study was done on 30 patients in the hemodialysis center (educational hospital) in 2013. Eight rehabilitation plans were conducted by nurses. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used before and after intervention. Our data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result of this study shows that there was a significant difference between mean depressive symptom score before (36.4 ± 10.9) and after (10.5 ± 3.1) rehabilitation ( p < .001). It is recommended that rehabilitation program be implemented in all hemodialysis centers with the participation of specialists in different fields.

scholarly journals The Impact of Academic Achievement and Parental Practices on Depressive Symptom Trajectories Among Chinese Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingna Qin ◽  
Tessa Kaufman ◽  
Lydia Laninga-Wijnen ◽  
Ping Ren ◽  
Yunyun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Autonomy Support ◽  
Psychological Control ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Parental Practices ◽  
Symptom Trajectories ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThough depressive symptoms tend to increase in early adolescence, the trajectories of these symptoms may vary strongly. This longitudinal study investigated the extent to which the distinct developmental trajectories of depressive symptoms were predicted by adolescents' academic achievement and perceived parental practices in a sample of Chinese young adolescents (N = 2,576). The results showed four trajectory profiles of depressive symptoms: low-stable (75%), low-increasing (11%), high-stable (9%), and high-decreasing (5%). Adolescents with high academic achievement were more likely to be classified into the low-stable, low-increasing, and high-decreasing profiles than into the high-stable depressive symptom profile. Moreover, students who perceived greater parental autonomy support were more likely to be in the low-stable and low-increasing profiles than the high-stable profile, whereas adolescents perceiving more parental psychological control had higher odds of being in the low-increasing rather than the low-stable profile. Parental educational involvement was unrelated to students' depressive symptom trajectories. In sum, Chinese adolescents with higher academic achievement and who perceived more parental autonomy support, and less psychological control, were at lower risk of experiencing depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Patient-reported outcomes before and after treatment of major depressive disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-183 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Burden Of Illness ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Depressive Symptom Severity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Level 2

Patient reported outcomes (PROs) of quality of life (QoL), functioning, and depressive symptom severity are important in assessing the burden of illness of major depressive disorder (MDD) and to evaluate the impact of treatment. We sought to provide a detailed analysis of PROs before and after treatment of MDD from the large Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study. This analysis examines PROs before and after treatment in the second level of STAR*D. The complete data on QoL, functioning, and depressive symptom severity, were analyzed for each STAR*D level 2 treatment. PROs of QoL, functioning, and depressive symptom severity showed substantial impairments after failing a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor trial using citalopram (level 1). The seven therapeutic options in level 2 had positive statistically (P values) and clinically (Cohen's standardized differences [Cohen's d]) significant impact on QoL, functioning, depressive symptom severity, and reduction in calculated burden of illness. There were no statistically significant differences between the interventions. However, a substantial proportion of patients still suffered from patient-reported QoL and functioning impairment after treatment, an effect that was more pronounced in nonremitters. PROs are crucial in understanding the impact of MDD and in examining the effects of treatment interventions, both in research and clinical settings.

Association between depression and hypertension using classic and revised blood pressure thresholds

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 616-622
Author(s):  
Dustin S DeMoss ◽  
Kari J Teigen ◽  
Cynthia A Claassen ◽  
Mandy J Fisk ◽  
Somer E Blair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Robust Regression ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
P Value ◽  
Symptom Change ◽  
Primary Care Population ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Guideline Group

Abstract Background In a primary care population, the relationship between treatment of depression and hypertension (HTN) under the recently revised American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association HTN thresholds for diagnosing HTN is unknown. Objective To compare the association between changes in severity of co-occurring depression and HTN over time using the newly revised versus previous HTN guidelines. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, outpatients ≥18 years (n = 3018) with clinically significant depressive symptoms and elevated blood pressure at baseline were divided into a ‘revised’ guideline group (baseline blood pressure ≥130/80 mmHg), a ‘classic’ guideline group (≥140/90 mmHg) and a ‘revised-minus-classic’ group (≥130/80 and &lt;140/90 mmHg). Depressive symptom change was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Correlations between changes in PHQ-9 scores and HTN levels by group over a 6- to 18-month observation period were assessed using robust regression analysis. Results There were demographic and clinical differences between groups. A total of 41% of study subjects (1252/3018) had a visit during the follow-up period where additional PHQ-9 and HTN results were available. Depressive symptom change was unrelated to change in blood pressure in the revised and revised-minus-classic groups. The classic HTN group demonstrated a clinically insignificant change in systolic blood pressure for each unit change in PHQ-9 score (β = 0.23, P-value =0.02). Conclusions Although a statistically significant association between reduced HTN levels and improvement in depressive symptoms was demonstrated under classic HTN guidelines, there was no clinically meaningful association between treatment of depression and improved HTN levels under either guideline.

scholarly journals Use of digital game therapy among elderly persons undergoing dialytic treatment: cognitive aspects and depressive symptoms

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-455
Author(s):  
Sirlei Ricarte Bento ◽  
Ana Carolina Ottaviani ◽  
Allan Gustavo Brigola ◽  
Vânia Paula de Almeida Neris ◽  
Fabiana de Souza Orlandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Therapeutic Game ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objective :to evaluate the presence of depressive symptoms and cognitive disorders before and after an intervention program with a digital therapeutic game among elderly persons undergoing hemodialysis. Method: a quasi-experimental study was carried out with 26 elderly patients on hemodialysis. For the data collection, a questionnaire relating to sociodemographic and health conditions, the Geriatric Depression Scale - 15 items and Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised were used. The intervention with the digital therapeutic game was performed over 5 sessions. Results: of the participants, 80.8% were male, with a mean age of 66.7 (± 5.8) years. The mean pre-intervention depressive symptom score was 3.9 (± 3.0) while post-intervention it was 2.8 (± 2.9), representing a statistically significant difference (p = 0.005). Regarding cognitive function, there was no statistically significant difference before and after the intervention. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean of the depressive symptom scores, which were lower after the intervention. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in the mean of the cognitive assessments. Conclusion: intervention studies with patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment are still scarce and this study describes the positive results of an intervention with a digital therapeutic game, demonstrating improvement in the depressive symptoms of the participants.

scholarly journals Brief Report: Preliminary evidence that co-rumination fosters adolescents’ depression risk by increasing rumination

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey B Stone ◽  
Brandon Gibb
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Interpersonal Process ◽  
Symptom Change ◽  
High School Freshmen ◽  
Depression Risk ◽  
Proposed Model

Mounting research shows that the tendency to co-ruminate with peers regarding ongoing problems increases adolescents’ depression risk; however, the means by which this interpersonal process fosters risk has not been identified. This said, theorists have proposed that co-rumination increases depression risk, in part, by increasing one’s tendency to ruminate when alone. We tested this hypothesis in a study of 201 high-school freshmen who completed two assessments, six months apart. Supporting the proposed model, co-rumination predicted prospective increases in rumination and rumination predicted increases in depressive symptoms. The direct effect of co-rumination on depressive symptom change was not significant. Results indicate that co-rumination with friends may serve to increase rumination, which in turn increases depression risk.

scholarly journals The Potential Influence of Group Membership on Outcomes in Indicated Cognitive-Behavioral Adolescent Depression Prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6553
Author(s):  
Paul Rohde ◽  
Frédéric N. Brière ◽  
Eric Stice
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Symptom Change ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Depression Prevention

Background: Adolescent depression prevention programs are typically delivered in groups in which adolescents share a common setting and interventionist, but the influence of the group is usually ignored or statistically controlled. We tested whether the primary outcomes of reductions in depressive symptoms and future onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) varied as a function of group membership. Methods: Data were available from two randomized trials in which 220 adolescents received the Blues Program indicated prevention intervention in 36 separate groups; participants were assessed at baseline, post intervention, and at 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-ups. Results: Ten percent of participants had developed MDD 2 years post intervention. Group-level effects for MDD onset over follow-up were nonsignificant (accounted for <1% of variance; ICC = 0.004, ns). Group-level effects for depressive symptom change across the follow-up period were also nonsignificant (ICC = 0.001, ns) but group effects accounted for 16% of depressive symptom change immediately post intervention (ICC = 0.159, p < 0.05). Group-level clustering of posttest depressive symptoms was not associated with size of group or gender composition. Conclusions: Membership in specific adolescent cognitive-behavioral depression prevention groups may have an impact in terms of immediate symptom reduction but does not appear to have significant prevention effects in terms of long-term symptom change or MDD onset.

scholarly journals Adolescents’ Depressive Symptom Experience Mediates the Impact of Long-Term Exposure to Maternal Depression Symptoms on Adolescents’ Body Mass Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 510-517
Author(s):  
Amber R Cordola Hsu ◽  
Zhongzheng Niu ◽  
Xiaomeng Lei ◽  
Emily Kiresich ◽  
Yawen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Maternal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Symptom Experience ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Obesity is a cardiovascular disease risk factor and affects approximately 13.7 million U.S. children and adolescents between the ages 2 and 19 years old in 2015–2016. Purpose To determine the relationship between children’s average long-term exposure to maternal depressive symptoms age 1 month to Grade 6 and adolescents’ body mass index (BMI) z-score at age 15 mediated by the adolescents’ depressive symptom experience. Methods A total of 1,364 infants and their families from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development were recruited. Results Mediation analyses revealed a significant relationship between children’s average long-term exposure to maternal depressive symptoms from age 1 month to Grade 6 and adolescents’ BMI z-score at age 15 (total effect = 0.015, p = .013, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.0032, 0.027). The adolescents’ experience of depressive symptoms significantly mediated this relationship (indirect effect = 0.0021, bias-corrected bootstrapped 95% CI: 0.0004, 0.0044), with this mediated relationship more pronounced in girls. Conclusions Findings indicate the possible existence of a mediating role of adolescents’ depressive symptoms experience in the pathway from average long-term exposure to maternal depressive symptoms during children’s early life to adolescents’ elevated BMI.

scholarly journals O030 Changes in sleep-wake patterns, circadian timing, and mood in Australian teens during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A13-A14
Author(s):  
J Stone ◽  
A Phillips ◽  
J Wiley ◽  
E Chachos ◽  
A Hand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Circadian Timing ◽  
Circadian Phase ◽  
Sleep Diaries ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
School Start Times ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Remote Learning

Abstract During the COVID-19 pandemic, schools rapidly transitioned from in-person to remote learning. We examined sleep- and mood-related changes in early adolescents, before and after this transition to assess the impact of in-person vs. remote learning. Sleep-wake timing was measured using wrist-actigraphy and sleep diaries over 1–2 weeks in Year 7 students (age M±SD =12.79±0.42 years) during in-person learning (n=28) and remote learning (n=58; n=27 were studied in both conditions). Circadian timing was measured under a single condition in each individual using salivary melatonin (Dim Light Melatonin Onset; DLMO). Online surveys assessed mood (PROMIS Pediatric Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms) and sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale – Child and Adolescent) in each condition. During remote vs. in-person learning: (i) on school days, students went to sleep 26 min later and woke 49 min later, resulting in 22 min longer sleep duration (all p&lt;0.0001); (ii) DLMO time did not differ significantly between conditions, although participants woke at a later relative circadian phase (43 minutes, p=0.03) during remote learning; (iii) participants reported significantly lower sleepiness (p=0.048) and lower anxiety symptoms (p=0.006). Depressive symptoms did not differ between conditions. Changes in mood symptoms were not mediated by changes in sleep timing. Although remote learning had the same school start times as in-person learning, removing morning commutes likely enabled adolescents to sleep longer, wake later, and to wake at a later circadian phase. These results indicate that remote learning, or later school start times, may extend sleep duration and improve some subjective symptoms in adolescents.

scholarly journals Does Validity Measure Response Affect CPT Group Outcomes in Veterans with PTSD?

2019 ◽  
Vol 185 (3-4) ◽  
pp. e370-e376
Author(s):  
M Wright Williams ◽  
David Graham ◽  
Nicole A Sciarrino ◽  
Matt Estey ◽  
Katherine L McCurry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Treatment Assessment ◽  
Effort Testing ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Symptom Exaggeration ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction There is a dearth of research on the impact of pre-treatment assessment effort and symptom exaggeration on the treatment outcomes of Veterans engaging in trauma-focused therapy, handicapping therapists providing these treatments. Research suggests a multi-method approach for assessing symptom exaggeration in Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which includes effort and symptom validity tests, is preferable. Symptom exaggeration has also been considered a “cry for help,” associated with increased PTSD and depressive symptoms. Recently, research has identified resilience as a moderator of PTSD and depressive symptom severity and an important predictor of treatment response among individuals with PTSD. Thus, it is important to examine the intersection of symptom exaggeration, resilience, and treatment outcome to determine whether assessment effort and symptom exaggeration compromise treatment response. Materials and Methods We recruited Veterans, aged 18–50 who served during the Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn (OEF/OIF/OND) era, from mental health clinics and fliers posted in a large Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Veterans met inclusion criteria if they were diagnosed with PTSD via a clinician-administered assessment. Sixty-one Veterans consented to participate and self-selected into a cognitive processing therapy (CPT) group or treatment-as-usual. We offered self-selection because low recruitment rates delayed treatment start dates and were consistent with a Veteran-centered care philosophy. Veterans were assessed before and after treatment to determine the impact of assessment effort and symptom exaggeration scores on measures of PTSD and depressive symptoms and resilience. This study examined whether assessment effort failure and symptom exaggeration were associated with compromised psychotherapy outcomes in Veterans with PTSD undergoing CPT group. We hypothesized that a pattern of responding consistent with both effort and symptom exaggeration would result in higher (ie, more severe) pre- and post-treatment scores on PTSD and depressive symptom outcome measures and lower resiliency when compared to Veterans providing good effort and genuine responding. Hypotheses were evaluated using bivariate correlation analyses, analysis of variance, and chi-square analyses. Results Pre-treatment scores on measures of PTSD and depressive symptoms were higher among Veterans whose pattern of responding was consistent with poor assessment effort and symptom exaggeration; these Veterans also scored lower on a measure of resiliency. At post-treatment, there were no differences between Veterans displaying good and failed effort testing on measures of PTSD and depressive symptoms or in whether they completed treatment. Post-treatment resiliency scores remained significantly lower in those with failed effort testing. Conclusion These results suggest that Veterans with PTSD whose validity testing scores are indicative of poor effort and symptom exaggeration may be less resilient but may still complete a CPT group treatment and benefit from treatment at a rate comparable to Veterans who evidence good assessment effort and genuine symptom reporting pre-treatment. These findings also challenge the assumption that pre-treatment assessment effort failure and symptom exaggeration accurately predict poor effort in trauma-focused psychotherapy.

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