scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, selenium, sulfur, silica-gel and biochar reduce arsenic uptake in plant biomass and improve nutritional quality inPisum sativum

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zahangeer Alam ◽  
Md. Anamul Hoque ◽  
Golam Jalal Ahammed ◽  
Lynne Carpenter-Boggs
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Saw Dust

AbstractArsenic (As) is a carcinogenic substance. It increased in crop grown in field soil from ground water irrigation. Subsequently As transport into the human body through food chains. The reduction of As transport in root, shoot and grain of pea genotypes is significantly important to protect human health. This research is focused on the biomass growth and alleviation of As accumulation in root, shoot and grain of pea genotypes in high As soil (30mgkg−1) amended with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), biochar (BC) of rice husk and saw dust, selenium (Se), silica- gel (Si), and sulfur (S). Shoot length, root, shoot and pod mass were generally higher in pea crops grown in soil amended with AMF, Se, Si- gel and S. Rice husk and saw dust BC less consistently increased some growth parameters, particularly in genotype BARI Motor 2. However, the BC’s more often reduced growth and pod mass. All treatments significantly reduced As concentration in tissues; As in grains was reduced on average 60% by any of the soil amendments. AMF, Se and Si- gel all were found more effective than BC for the reduction of As uptake in pea crops. As in grains was reduced 77% by AMF, 71% by Se and 69% by Si- gel on average. As in root, shoot, and grain was also affected by variety; in control treatments, total As uptake in plants pot−1of BARI Motor 1 and 3 was found 60 to 70% higher than BARI Motor 2. Comparing the variety and treatment with most As in grains (BARI Motor 1 control, 0.35 mg As kg−1) and least As in grains (BARI motor 1, 2 & 3 with AMF with 0.07 mg As kg−1), the choice of variety and soil amendment could reduce human intake of As through pea by 80%. It is recommended that choice of pea variety and soil amendment with AMF and Se have great potential for improving the nutritional quality of pea grown in As contaminated soil, as well as reducing As transfer to human bodies through food chains in pea crops.

scholarly journals Influence of bioproducts and mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and yielding of sweet cherry trees

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Sławomir Głuszek ◽  
Edyta Derkowska ◽  
Lidia Sas Paszt ◽  
Mirosław Sitarek ◽  
Beata Sumorok
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Cherry Trees

The experiment assessed the influence of various biofertilizers and biostimulants on the growth characteristics of the root system, its colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the yielding of sweet cherry trees in field conditions. The experiment, conducted in Pomological Orchard of Research Institute of Horticulture located in Skierniewice during 2011–2014, involved the use of a mycorrhizal substrate, organic fertilizers and biostimulant in randomised block design. The control combination consisted of plants fertilized with mineral fertilizers (NPK). The use of the organic fertilizer BF Ekomix in dose 100 g per tree each year in the spring significantly increased the number of root tips in comparison with the control trees. There was also a tendency for the roots to lengthen and increase their surface area under the influence of this biofertilizer. In addition, the inoculation of roots with the mycorrhizal substrate in dose 200 g per tree per year stimulated the colonization of the roots of sweet cherry trees by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which in turn led to improved root growth parameters.

Induction of salt stress tolerance in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashem Abeer ◽  
E. F. Abd_Allah ◽  
A. A. Alqarawi ◽  
Dilfuza Egamberdieva
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Efficient Protection

The aim of present study was to examine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity and some key physio-biochemical attributes in cowpea (<italic>Vigna unguiculata</italic> [L.] Walp.) subjected to salt stress. Salt stress (200 mM NaCl) reduced growth, biomass, relative water content and chlorophyll pigment content in cowpea leaves. AMF ameliorated the negative impact of salinity on the growth parameters studied. The activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD) and glutathione reductase (GR) enhanced under salt stress and AMF inoculation further enhanced their activity, thus strengthening the plant’s defense system. Proline content increased in salt stressed plants as well as AMF-inoculated plants providing efficient protection against salt stress. Besides this AMF also increased uptake of mineral elements which have direct impact on the osmoregulation of the plants. The present study shows that AMF possesses the potential to enhance salt tolerance of cowpea.

scholarly journals Effet de l’inoculation mycorhizienne avec des souches des champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires sur la croissance de Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC en condition contrôlée

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1065-1073
Author(s):  
Hadou Haro ◽  
Kadidia Semde ◽  
Kadidiata Bahadio ◽  
Kadidia B. Sanon
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

Au Burkina Faso, l’élevage occupe plus de 80% des ménages ruraux et constitue le troisième produit d’exportation après l’or et le coton. De type extensif, cet élevage est basé essentiellement sur l’exploitation des ressources naturelles. Ainsi, il doit s’adapter aux grandes variations saisonnières et interannuelles des ressources en biomasse végétale et en eau. Or les aléas climatiques, l’étendue et la qualité des pâturages, de même que les contraintes rendent l’activité pastorale souvent précaire. C’est ainsi que cette étude a été initiée dans le but de contribuer à améliorer la production fourragère. Dans cette étude, Mucuna pruriens a été cultivé en serre et inoculé avec deux inocula de champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires. Les paramètres de croissance ont été mesurés à 30 et 60 jours après semis. La biomasse aérienne, racinaire et totale a été évaluée à 60 jours après semis. Les résultats montrent une amélioration de la croissance en hauteur du mucuna de 225,76%, de la biomasse aérienne de 56,79%, la biomasse racinaire de 70% et la biomasse totale de 61,16% par rapport au témoin non inoculé. Cette étude a montré des résultats intéressants et mérite d’être approfondie par des essais in situ tout en étendant l’étude sur les inoculations rhizobiennes.Mots clés : Mucuna, inoculation mycorhizienne, champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires.   English Title: Effect of mycorrhizal inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi strains on Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC growth under controlled conditionIn Burkina Faso, breeding occupies more than 80% of rural households and is the third export product after gold and cotton. Extensive type, this breeding is based essentially on the exploitation of natural resources. Thus, it must adapt to large seasonal and interannual variations in plant biomass and water resources. Climatic hazards, the extent and quality of pastures, as well as constraints make pastoral activity often precarious. Therefore, this study was initiated with the aim of helping to improve forage production. In this study, Mucuna pruriens was grown in a greenhouse and inoculated with two inocula of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The growth parameters were measured at 30 and 60 days after sowing. Shoot, root and total biomass was evaluated at 60 days after sowing. The results show an improvement in the height growth of mucuna by 225.76%, shoot biomass by 56.79%, root biomass by 70% and total biomass by 61.16% compared to the control. This study showed interesting results and deserves to be deepened by in situ tests while extending the study of rhizobial inoculations. Keywords: Mucuna, mycorrhizal inoculation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

scholarly journals Improvement of Nutritional Quality of Greenhouse-Grown Lettuce by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Is Conditioned by the Source of Phosphorus Nutrition

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (20) ◽  
pp. 11129-11140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marouane Baslam ◽  
Inmaculada Pascual ◽  
Manuel Sánchez-Díaz ◽  
Javier Erro ◽  
José María García-Mina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Phosphorus Nutrition

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Effectively Enhances the Growth of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. Seedlings under Greenhouse Conditions

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinping Wang ◽  
Huini Zhong ◽  
Lingjun Zhu ◽  
Yingdan Yuan ◽  
Linhao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
N Content ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Funneliformis Mosseae ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Gleditsia Sinensis

The Chinese honey locust tree Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (Fabaceae) is a precious ecological and economic tree species that has wide-ranging usage. However, knowledge regarding seedling cultivation (especially the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)) is scarce, which limits the developent of Gleditsia plantations. A pot experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions to estimate the effects of three AMF strains (Funneliformis mosseae 1, Funneliformis mosseae 2, and Diversispora tortuosa) on the growth, photosynthetic rate, and nutrient content of G. sinensis seedlings. Results showed that the growth parameters (seedling height, basal diameter, dry biomass) of the seedlings were significantly increased by each of the three AMF strains, associated with high root colonization rates (greater than 75%). Chlorophyll concentrations and photosynthetic rates were also increased by AMF, and phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) content in the three organs (leaf, stem, and root), and nitrogen (N) content in the leaf and stem of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) seedlings were significantly higher than in non-AM seedlings. Mycorrhizal dependency of the AM seedlings was greater than 350%, and significantly correlated with the increased P and K content in all three organs and increased N content in the leaf and stem. Positive effects of F. mosseae on growth and the nutrient content of seedlings were higher than those of D. tortuosa, but no significant different effects on G. sinensis seedlings were observed between the two strains of F. mosseae. Hence, growth of G. sinensis seedlings was effectively enhanced by AMF, with F. mosseae being more suitable for the inoculation of G. sinensis seedlings. These results indicate that arbuscular mycorrhization is beneficial for the growth of young G. sinensis plants. Further research is needed to determine whether the effects can be reproduced in a forest situation.

scholarly journals The Effects of Rice Husk Biochar Rate on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Growth of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1817
Author(s):  
Nur Saidahtul Nadiah Harun ◽  
Noraini Md. Jaafar ◽  
Siti Zaharah Sakimin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Rice Husk Biochar

Soursop (Annona muricata L.) is increasingly planted in Malaysia for its agronomical importance as a multipurpose plant with medicinal and health benefits. However, there is limited information on soursop cultivation in Malaysia. Soursop can be inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as a sustainable approach for successful seedlings growth before transplanting to field. As a beneficial symbiotic soil microorganism, AMF has been known as biofertilizer which can improve soil conditions and plant growth. Following the need to understand the soil management using soil beneficial microorganisms for soursop cultivation, this experiment aimed to determine the effects of AMF and biochar on the growth of soursop seedlings. The polybag experiment was conducted under glasshouse conditions at Farm 15, Faculty of Agriculture, UPM Serdang, Selangor. The study was arranged in Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments comprising different rates of rice husk biochar (RHB), with and without AMF and four replications. The treatments were; T1 (Control), T2 (AMF only), T3 (−AMF with 10 t/ha RHB), T4 (+AMF with 10 t/ha RHB), T5 (−AMF with 15 t/ha RHB), T6 (+AMF with 15 t/ha RHB), T7 (−AMF with 20 t/ha RHB) and T8 (+AMF with 20 t/ha RHB). Plant growth measurement were determined upon harvesting after four months of planting. Shoot and root biomass, leaf area meter, root surface area and root length were found significantly highest in soursop seedlings grown in soils amended with 10 t/ha RHB with or without AMF as compared to control. It was concluded that RHB, either individually or when in combination with AMF, had significantly improved the growth performance of soursop seedlings at nursery stage. Therefore, earliest inoculation of soursop seedlings with AMF at nursery stage could ensure successful mycorrhizal establishment and growth performance of soursop seedlings before transplanted under field condition.

scholarly journals The inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improved ecophysiological and growth parameters of Schinus terebinthifolius and Caesalpinia ferrea in degraded mining sites

2021 ◽  
pp. 100181
Author(s):  
Milton Marques Fernandes ◽  
Cassandra Medonça Oliveira ◽  
Ademilson Jesus Silva ◽  
Luiz Fernando Ganassali Oliveira Junior ◽  
Pryanka Thuyra Nascimento Fontes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Schinus Terebinthifolius ◽  
Mining Sites

scholarly journals Morpho-Physiological Responses of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation under Drought Stress

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Okon, Okon Godwin ◽  
Uyon, Peter Paul ◽  
Nyahette, Enobong Monday
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Experimental Soil

Aims: To assess the potential impacts of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (G. geosporum) inoculation on the survival of A. esculentus under drought stress. Study Design: This experiment was set up in a completely randomized design (CRD) with all treatments replicated thrice. This gave a total of 7 treatments, 21 replicates. Place and Duration of Study: The experimental soil used for this study was collected from the Botanical Garden of the Department of Biological Sciences, Ritman University (Latitude 5º11’44ºN and Longitude 7º42’12ºE), Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. All analysis was carried out in Soil Science Laboratory and Botany Laboratory, Akwa Ibom State University, between January and march 2019. Methodology: Soil samples were analyzed following the standard procedures outlined for wet acid digestions. Growth parameters were determined using standard methods. At Leaf chlorophyll meter was employed in the assessment of the photosynthetic pigments of the experimental plant. Biomass yield were calculated using standard formulas. Results: The physicochemical analysis of the experimental soil used in this study revealed the physical and chemical properties of the soil; pH (6.12), EC (0.06dS/m), organic matter (2.90%), Av. P (44.62 mg/kg) and textural class of the soil was described as loamy sandy soil. Shoot length, petiole length, internode length, number of leaves and leaf area as well as the total photosynthetic pigments (TPP) contents of A. esculentus were significantly (P =.05) reduced (from 38.77±3.01 mg/kg to 29.83±1.89 mg/kg) by drought stress. There was also significantly (P = .05) reduction in N, P, K, Ca and Mg composition of A. esculentus as well as its biomass yield. However, the inoculation of A. esculentus roots with AMF (G. geosporum) in this study through several morphological and physiological processes exhibited remarkable improvement in growth morphology, total photosynthetic pigments, macronutrients composition as well as biomass yield. Conclusion: The results of this work have shown that AMF can enhance the ability of A. esculentus to resist drought stress possibly through some morphological and physiological changes which improves water and nutrients uptake.

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