scholarly journals Analyzing effect of altitudinal variation in Enzymatic antioxidants of Coleus forskohlii from Uttarakhand, India

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Singh Rana ◽  
Pooja Saklani
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Coleus Forskohlii ◽  
Altitudinal Variation ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
High Oxidative Stress

AbstractEnzymatic antioxidant activity of the five populations of the medicinal plant Coleus forskohlii from five locations of varied altitudes was assayed to analyze the effect of altitude on the enzymatic antioxidant potential. The various enzymes assayed were SOD, CAT, POD, PPO, APX and GR. Highest activity for all the enzymes was observed at higher altitudes. Strong positive correlation was observed between the protein content, enzyme activities and altitude. CAT, POD and GR activity increases significantly with the altitude while SOD was least affected. APX and PPO shows positive correlation. High activity of all these enzymes seems to be to combat the high oxidative stress at higher altitudes. Results of the present study suggest that Coleus forskohlii population growing at a higher altitude has higher antioxidant potential than those at lower altitude. Thus, the population of Coleus forskohlii from a higher altitude can be used as a source of antioxidants and for commercial propagation.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Risk Markers (Fibrinogen & Gamma Glutamyl Transferase) in Obese Males

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3312-3314
Author(s):  
Shagufta Khaliq ◽  
Mudassar Ali Roomi ◽  
Shaheena Naz ◽  
Komal Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Imran Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Aim: To determine and compare gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and fibrinogen among obese males with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Second objective was to investigate correlation between blood pressure and GGT. Methodology: Sixty-four obese males aged 20-45 years with BMI > 25kg/m2 were included by convenience sampling. The study was conducted, after obtaining ethical approval from IRB, at the Department of Physiology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore from August 2014 to May 2015. Participants having acute or chronic inflammatory conditions were excluded. Participants were screened for OSA by Berlin and STOP BANG questionnaires. Diagnosis of OSA was made by overnight portable pulse oximetry. The participants were divided into two groups. Group I had 32 obese males with OSA. Group II contained 32 obese males without OSA. After an overnight fasting of 10-12 hours blood samples were drawn. Serum fibrinogen and GGT were measured by spectrophotometer. The data was analyzed using SPSS-22. Quantitative variables were compared between the two groups by Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman correlation was used to correlate blood pressure and GGT among the participants. Results: Fibrinogen was significantly raised (p=0.015) in obese males with OSA. Systolic blood pressure (p=0.003), diastolic blood pressure (p=0.001) and mean arterial blood pressure (p<0.001) showed strong positive correlation with GGT in obese males with OSA. Conclusion: Proinflammatory, procoagulant and proatherogenic marker fibrinogen levels were significantly raised in obese otherwise healthy males with OSA. Oxidative stress marker GGT showed strong positive correlation with blood pressure in obese males with OSA. Keywords: Fibrinogen, gamma glutamyl transferase, inflammation, obstructive sleep apnea, oxidative stress

239 POSSIBLE MECHANISMS OF SPERM DAMAGE CAUSED BY HEAT STRESS IN EUROPEAN BULLS RAISED IN TROPICAL ENVIRONMENTS

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
M. Nichi ◽  
R. P. Bertolla ◽  
T. B. Soler ◽  
C. N. M. Cortada ◽  
R. M. Zuge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Tropical Environments

Previous studies have indicated that semen of heat-stressed bulls shows impaired mitochondrial activity and high levels of oxidative stress, which may cause structural damage to biomolecules, DNA, lipids, carbohydrates and proteins, as well as other cellular components (Nichi et al. 2006 Theriogenology 66, 822–828). Disruption of the sperm mitochondria could have a potential damaging effect not only on an individual sperm cell but also on the surrounding cells, especially regarding the sperm membrane, possibly due to the release of a high amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in this environment (rich in electrons) that would then lead to oxidative stress. To test this hypothesis, semen samples of 11 Simmental bulls kept in tropical environments were collected during the summer months. Semen was evaluated as follows: the 3-3′ diaminobenzidine stain (DAB) as an index of mitochondrial activity, the hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) as an index of membrane integrity, measurement of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as an index of lipid peroxidation, and measurement of the enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities. For correlation analysis, the Pearson test was used (variables were transformed when necessary), and for nonparametric variables, the Spearman rank test was used. A high positive correlation was found between sperm cells with highly active mitochondria (DAB class I) and the percentage of cells with intact membrane by HOST (r = 0.93; P < 0.05), and a negative correlation between the latter and the percentage of inactive mitochondria (r = –0.91; P < 0.05), indicating that the higher the percentage of cells showing impaired mitochondrial activity, the higher the percentage of cells with damaged membrane. There was also a positive correlation between TBARS and the percentage of cells with disrupted mitochondria (r = 0.86; P < 0.05), indicating that the higher the percentage of sperm with impaired mitochondrial activity, the higher the oxidative stress. No correlation existed between the enzymatic antioxidants and any of the variables studied. The results indicate that heat stress may lead to an increase in testicular ROS levels, overcoming the seminal antioxidant protection. This, in turn, may cause damage of the mitochondria and a subsequent release of more pro-oxidative substances, and an exponential increase of oxidative stress. Understanding these mechanisms may lead to more tailored antioxidant therapies in the future. The authors thank FAPESP for the scholarship and financial support.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Capacity of Preterm Neonates Assessed by Hydrogen Donor Value

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Matyas ◽  
Monica G. Hasmasanu ◽  
Gabriela Zaharie
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Hydrogen Donor ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Premature Newborns ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Hydrogen Donors

Background and objectives: Premature newborns have a number of oxidative stress-inducing disorders. Antioxidant defense is deficient in premature newborns. Hydrogen donors can be used to evaluate the non-enzymatic antioxidant defense. By measuring hydrogen donors, a group of antioxidants can be assessed: tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and glutathione. These represent the most relevant group of non-enzymatic antioxidants. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the non-enzymatic antioxidant defense capacity of premature newborns by measuring hydrogen donors. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity by hydrogen donor measurement in 24 premature newborns with various oxidative stress-inducing disorders and in 14 premature newborns without oxidative stress-inducing conditions. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica program (v. 8, StatSoft, Round Rock, TX, USA). Differences between groups were tested with Wilcoxon matched test for quantitative paired data or Mann–Whitney test for quantitative independent data. The Z test for proportions was used to compare qualitative data among subgroups. Results: Hydrogen donors in the study group had a significantly lower value on the first day of life compared to the value of the control group. Also, the hydrogen donor value in the study group was significantly lower on the first day compared to the third day of life (p < 0.05). Neonates with mild respiratory distress (14 cases) had increased hydrogen donor values on their third day of life compared to the first day of life. Conclusions: The antioxidant capacity is influenced by oxidative stress-inducing disorders. Respiratory distress influenced the hydrogen donor value and antioxidant defense. Antioxidant defense gradually improves after birth according to gestational age.

scholarly journals The positive correlation between serum malondialdehyde levels with vitiligo severity and activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Agung Praharsini ◽  
Anak Agung Gde Putra Wiraguna ◽  
Putu Nila Wardhani Batan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Theory ◽  
Positive Correlation

Background: There are several theories that suggest melanocyte death in vitiligo, one example is oxidative stress theory. Oxidative stress primarily manifested by lipid peroxidation ultimately produce malondialdehyde. Malondialdehyde is a stable marker to assess an oxidative stress event. The correlation between serum malondialdehyde levels and vitiligo severity and activity remained controversial in previous studies.Objective: This study aimed to verify whether or not the serum MDA levels are positively correlated with vitiligo severity and activity.Methods: This study was an analytical cross-sectional study. which involved 64 subjects with vitiligo and 20 subjects without vitiligo. Serum MDA levels were measured to mark an oxidative stress event, whereas the severity and activity of vitiligo were clinically assessed with vitiligo area severity index (VASI) and vitiligo disease activity (VIDA) scoring system.Results: Total 64 subjects with vitiligo and 20 subjects without vitiligo participated in this study. Serum MDA mean levels of vitiligo subjects were significantly higher compared to subjects without vitiligo (p<0.05). Serum MDA levels had a strong positive correlation with VASI score (r=0.761; p<0.01). The strong positive correlation found between serum MDA levels with vitiligo activity assessed by VASI score in vitiligo subjects (r=0.609; p<0.01), and high serum MDA levels increased the risk for developing vitiligo (PR=7.62; 95% CI: 2.49-23.30; p<0.01). Serum MDA levels influenced vitiligo as much as 10.1%, meanwhile the remaining 89.9% were influenced by other variables apart from high serum MDA levels out of this study (R2=0.101; p<0.05).Conclusion: Serum MDA levels were positively correlated with vitiligo severity and activity, and high serum MDA levels increased the risk of developing vitiligo.

scholarly journals The Effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract on Mouse Dermal Fibroblasts

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Nadia Lobo ◽  
Yu Qing Qi ◽  
Quan Zhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Viable Cell ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Cell Aging ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Gynostemma Pentaphyllum ◽  
Positive Correlation

Background. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract on mouse dermal fibroblasts. Recent studies have shown that this plant may possess great antioxidant properties, which can be very beneficial in combating oxidative stress. Methods. Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract was prepared and mouse dermal fibroblasts were obtained and cultured as per our laboratory protocols. Twelve samples of cells were cultured under the same conditions and both negative and positive controls were established. Induction of oxidative stress was carried out using ultraviolet C (UVC) light. Viable cell count was carried out, using microscopy. The analysis of the overall results was processed using SPSS version 16.0. Results. Statistical analysis showed strong positive correlation between the concentration of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and the mean duration of cell viability (rs = 1), with a high level of statistical significance (P < 0.01). Likewise, strong positive correlation existed between trials of cell viability (rs = 0.988–1), with statistical significance (P < 0.01). Conclusion. Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract prolongs viability of mouse dermal fibroblasts damaged by UVC light-induced oxidative stress. The results show the potential benefits of this extract on dermal cell aging.

scholarly journals Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activity of Pergularia tomentosa against carbon tetra chloride induced hepatic damage in Wistar albino rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Vinoth Kumar ◽  
Malliga Elangovan ◽  
Raja Sekar Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ascorbate Oxidase ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Many oxidative stress related disease are due to accumulation of free radicals in the body which causes cell injury. In this study, the enzymatic antioxidants (Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Glutathione-s-transferase, Glutathione peroxidase, Ascorbate oxidase and Polyphenoloxidase) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (Total reduced glutathione and Vitamin C) activities were determined using Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) rat liver as experimental model. The ethanol and chloroform extract showed noticeable increases in enzymatic antioxidant and non- enzymatic antioxidant and thus capability to scavenge the free radicals and protect against oxidative stress causing diseases. Thus, the present study indicates that the plant may be clinically valuable agent in the prevention of hepatic failure caused by CCl4 intoxication. 

scholarly journals Is Oxidative Stress Associated with Activation and Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmut Yuksel ◽  
Ihsan Ates ◽  
Mustafa Kaplan ◽  
Mehmet Fettah Arikan ◽  
Yasemin Ozderin Ozin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

SummaryBackground: We aimed to determine the levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI) and paraoxonase1/arylesterase levels in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and the relation be - tween these molecules and the activity index of the disease. Methods: Eighty IBD patients (ulcerative colitis (UC)/Crohn disease (CD) 40/40) and 80 control group participants were included in the study. Oxidative stress parameters were measured using the colorimetric method. As disease activity indexes, the endoscopic activity index (EAI) was used for UC and the CD activity index (CDAI) was used for CD. Results: In IBD patients, mean TAS (1.3±0.2 vs 1.9±0.2, respectively; p<0.001) and arylesterase (963.9±232.2 vs 1252.9±275, respectively; p<0.001) levels were found to be lower and TOS level (5.6±1.6 vs 4.0±1.0, respectively; p<0.001) and OSI rate (4.5±1.6 vs 2.2±0.8, respectively; p<0.001) were found to be higher compared to the control group. A strong positive correlation was found between EAI and TOS levels (r=0.948, p<0.001) and OSI rate (r=0.894, p<0.001) for UC patients. A very strong positive correlation was found between EAI and TOS levels (r=0.964, p<0.001) and OSI rate (r=0.917, p<0.001) for CD patients. It was found in a stepwise regression model that C-reactive protein, OSI and arylesterase risk factors were predictors of IBD compared to the control group. Conclusion: Increased oxidative stress level in IBD patients and the detection of OSI rate as an independent predictor for disease activity indexes lead to the idea that oxidative stress might be related to the pathogenesis of IBD.

Copper-dependent ATP7B up-regulation drives the resistance of TMEM16A-overexpressing head-and-neck cancer models to platinum toxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 476 (24) ◽  
pp. 3705-3719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avani Vyas ◽  
Umamaheswar Duvvuri ◽  
Kirill Kiselyov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Platinum Resistance ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Platinum Compounds ◽  
Copper Chelation ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Cancer Models

Platinum-containing drugs such as cisplatin and carboplatin are routinely used for the treatment of many solid tumors including squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). However, SCCHN resistance to platinum compounds is well documented. The resistance to platinum has been linked to the activity of divalent transporter ATP7B, which pumps platinum from the cytoplasm into lysosomes, decreasing its concentration in the cytoplasm. Several cancer models show increased expression of ATP7B; however, the reason for such an increase is not known. Here we show a strong positive correlation between mRNA levels of TMEM16A and ATP7B in human SCCHN tumors. TMEM16A overexpression and depletion in SCCHN cell lines caused parallel changes in the ATP7B mRNA levels. The ATP7B increase in TMEM16A-overexpressing cells was reversed by suppression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), by the antioxidant N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) and by copper chelation using cuprizone and bathocuproine sulphonate (BCS). Pretreatment with either chelator significantly increased cisplatin's sensitivity, particularly in the context of TMEM16A overexpression. We propose that increased oxidative stress in TMEM16A-overexpressing cells liberates the chelated copper in the cytoplasm, leading to the transcriptional activation of ATP7B expression. This, in turn, decreases the efficacy of platinum compounds by promoting their vesicular sequestration. We think that such a new explanation of the mechanism of SCCHN tumors’ platinum resistance identifies novel approach to treating these tumors.

The Strong Positive Correlation between Factor VII Clotting Activity Using Bovine Thromboplastin and the Activated Factor VII Level

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (03) ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuomi Kario ◽  
Takefumi Matsuo ◽  
Reiko Asada ◽  
Toshiyuki Sakata ◽  
Hisao Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Bovine Brain ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Rabbit Brain ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Chromogenic Substrate ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Activated Factor Vii

SummaryWe compared factor VII clotting activity (FVIIc) assays using different thromboplastins to determine which is the most sensitive for activated FVII (FVIIa) or for FVII antigen (FVIIag). FVIIc levels were measured using thromboplastins derived from bovine brain (FVIIc Bov), human placenta (FVIIc Hum), and rabbit brain (FVIIc Rab). FVIIa levels were measured by fluorogenic assays using human soluble tissue factor (rsTF) or bovine rsTF. We also measured FVII activity by an amidolytic assay (FVIIc:am Hum) using human thromboplastin and a chromogenic substrate for thrombin. FVIIag levels were determined by ELISA. In the FVIIa assay, the reaction time obtained from using bovine rsTF was shorter than that with human rsTF, suggesting that the interaction of plasma FVIIa with bovine rsTF was stronger than with human rsTF. The plasma FVIIa levels measured using human rsTF and bovine rsTF were almost the same (r=0.947, p<0.0001). Among the three FVIIc assays, FVIIc Bov had the strongest positive correlation with the plasma FVIIa level (r=0.886, p<0.000l), but had no correlation with FVIIag. An increase of 1 ng/ml in the plasma FVIIa level yielded a 27.9% increase of FVIIc Bov. Plasma FVIIc Hum and FVIIc:am Hum showed moderate correlations with both FVIIa (r=0.520, p<0.02 and r=0.569, p<0.01, respectively) and FVIIag (r=0.438, p<0.05 and r=0.468, p<0.05, respectively). FVIIc Rab had the lowest correlation with FVIIa (r=0.367, p<0.1), but had a moderate correlation with FVIIag (r=0.436, p<0.05). After in vitro cold activation, FVIIc Bov levels increased the most and FVIIc:am levels showed the least change. These findings indicate that consideration of the thromboplastin used for assay is necessary when assessing the clinical significance of FVII activity as a cardiovascular risk factor.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Is Increased in Combined Oral Contraceptives Users and Is Positively Associated with High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1070
Author(s):  
Sabina Cauci ◽  
Serena Xodo ◽  
Cinzia Buligan ◽  
Chiara Colaninno ◽  
Mattia Barbina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Free Oxygen Radical ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Healthy Women

Information concerning the mechanisms underlying oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation in young healthy women predisposing eventually to future diseases is scarce. We investigated the relationship of oxidative stress and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in fertile-age women by oral combined contraceptive (OC) use. Caucasian Italian healthy non-obese women (n = 290; 100 OC-users; 190 non-OC-users; mean age 23.2 ± 4.7 years) were analyzed. Blood hydroperoxides, as oxidative stress biomarkers, were assessed by Free Oxygen Radical Test (FORT). Serum hsCRP was determined by an ultra-sensitive method (hsCRP). Markedly elevated oxidative stress (≥400 FORT Units) was found in 77.0% of OC-users and 1.6% of non-OC-users, odds ratio (OR) = 209, 95% CI = 60.9–715.4, p < 0.001. Elevated hsCRP levels ≥ 2.0 mg/L, considered risky for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), were found in 41.0% of OC-users and 9.5% of non-OC-users, OR = 6.6, 95%CI 3.5–12.4, p < 0.001. Hydroperoxides were strongly positively correlated to hsCRP in all women (rs = 0.622, p < 0.001), in OC-users (rs = 0.442, p < 0.001), and in non-OC-users (rs = 0.426, p < 0.001). Women with hydroperoxides ≥ 400 FORT Units were eight times as likely to have hsCRP ≥ 2 mg/L. In non-OC-users only, hydroperoxides values were positively correlated with weight and body mass index, but negatively correlated with red meat, fish and chocolate consumption. Our research is the first finding a strong positive correlation of serum hydroperoxides with hsCRP, a marker of low-grade chronic inflammation, in young healthy women. Further research is needed to elucidate the potential role of these two biomarkers in OC-use associated side-effects, like thromboembolism and other CVDs.

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