scholarly journals Paraoxonase and acylated homoserine lactones in urine from patients with urinary tract infections

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lafleur ◽  
Richard L. Amdur
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Western Blot Assay ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Homoserine Lactones ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Acylated Homoserine Lactones

AbstractParaoxonases are mammalian enzymes that have a number of roles including the inhibition of bacterial virulence and biofilm formation by microorganisms that quorum sense with acylated homoserine lactones. Paraoxonases have previously been reported to inhibit P. aeruginosa biofilm formation in mammalian airways and skin. An innate immune role for paraoxonases in urinary tract infection has not previously been reported. We performed western blots for paraoxonase1 in urine from patients with urinary tract infection; we also tested urinary tract infection urine for the presence of acylated homoserine lactones using a cellular reporter system. We report here that paraoxonase1 was not found with our western blot assay in the urine of normal control patients; in those with urinary tract infection, paraoxonase1 was associated with E. coli UTI. Acylated homoserine lactones, but not paraoxonases, were found in the bulk urine of those with P. aeruginosa urinary tract infection. We hypothesize that paraoxonase may play a similar innate immune role in infected urine as has previously described in skin and airways.

scholarly journals Paraoxonase and acylated homoserine lactones in urine from patients with urinary tract infections--relationship to microbial diversity by 16S rRNA gene sequencing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E Lafleur ◽  
Jacquelyn S Meisel ◽  
Seth Commichaux ◽  
Richard L. E Amdur ◽  
Mihai Pop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Homoserine Lactones ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Acylated Homoserine Lactones

Paraoxonase (PON) comprises a trio of mammalian enzymes that have been reported to have a number of roles including the inhibition of bacterial virulence and biofilm formation by microorganisms that quorum sense with acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs). PON have previously been reported to inhibit P. aeruginosa biofilm formation in mammalian airways and skin. An innate immune role for PON in urinary tract infection has not previously been reported. We performed western blots for PON1 in urine from patients with urinary tract infection (UTI), and also tested UTI urine for the presence of AHLs using a cellular reporter system. Urine sample microbiota was assessed through sequencing of the 16S rRNA marker gene. We report here that PON1 was not found in the urine of control subjects, however, in patients with UTI, PON1 was associated with the presence of E. coli in urine. AHLs, but not PON, were found in the bulk urine of those with P. aeruginosa UTI. Microbial consortia of PON positive UTI urine was found to be distinct from PON negative UTI urine; differentially over-represented bacteria in PON positive samples included a number of environmental opportunists. We hypothesize that PON may inhibit the quorum sensing activity of AHLs in UTI, as has previously described in skin and airways.

scholarly journals Spread of Enterococcal Surface Protein in Antibiotic Resistant Entero-coccus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis isolates from Urinary Tract Infections

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Samadi Kafil ◽  
Ashraf Mohabati Mobarez
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Tract Infections

Enterococci rank among leading cause of nosocomial bacteremia and urinary tract infection in hospital and community acquired infections. Several traits that may contribute to enhanced virulence have been identified in Enterococci. Extracellular surface protein (Esp) is a virulence factor that contributes in biofilm formation and resistance to environmental stresses. In this study we aimed to determine occurrence ofespinE. faeciumandE. faecalisisolates isolated from urinary tract infections and to investigate whether there is any correlation between presence ofespand antibiotic resistance. One hundred and sixty six isolates were collected from patients with UTI and after identification by biochemical and PCR, antibiotic resistances were examined. The presence ofespwas investigated by primer-specific PCR. 43.3% of isolates identified asE. faeciumand 56.7% asE. faecalis. Theespgene was found in 76.1% ofE. faeciumisolates and 77.9% ofE. faecalisisolate. There were significant correlation betweenesppositiveE. faeciumand resistance to Vancomycin (p<0.01), also inE.faecaliswe found correlation betweenesppositive and resistance to Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline (p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.01 respectively). Occurrence ofespin our isolates from urinary tract infection was high that indicates importance of this gene in urinary tract infections and shows importance of ability to forming biofilm and hydrophobicity of surface of Enterococci for causing urinary infection by Enterococci. Also, our finding showed significant correlation between resistance to antibiotics and presence ofespin Enterococci.

scholarly journals Involvement of Chromosomally Encoded Homologs of the RRNPP Protein Family in Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm Formation and Urinary Tract Infection Pathogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Srivatsan Parthasarathy ◽  
Lorne D. Jordan ◽  
Nancy Schwarting ◽  
Megan A. Woods ◽  
Zakria Abdullahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Protein Family ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Enterococcus faecalis is an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing infections, including endocarditis and urinary tract infections (UTI). One of the well-characterized quorum-sensing pathways in E. faecalis involves coordination of the conjugal transfer of pheromone-responsive plasmids by PrgX, a member of the RRNPP protein family. Members of this protein family in various Firmicutes have also been shown to contribute to numerous cellular processes, including sporulation, competence, conjugation, nutrient sensing, biofilm formation, and virulence. As PrgX is a plasmid-encoded RRNPP family member, we surveyed the genome of the multidrug-resistant strain V583 for additional RRNPP homologs using computational searches and refined those identified hits for predicted structural similarities to known RRNPP family members. This led us to investigate the contribution of the chromosomally encoded RRNPP homologs to biofilm processes and pathogenesis in a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) model. In this study, we identified five such homologs and report that 3 of the 5 homologs, EF0073, EF1599, and EF1316, affect biofilm formation as well as outcomes in the CAUTI model. IMPORTANCE Enterococcus faecalis causes health care-associated infections and displays resistance to a variety of broad-spectrum antibiotics by acquisition of resistance traits as well as the ability to form biofilms. Even though a growing number of factors related to biofilm formation have been identified, mechanisms that contribute to biofilm formation are still largely unknown. Members of the RRNPP protein family regulate a diverse set of biological reactions in low-G+C Gram-positive bacteria (Firmicutes). Here, we identify three predicted structural homologs of the RRNPP family, EF0073, EF1599, and EF1316, which affect biofilm formation and CAUTI pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Study of Various Virulence Genes, Biofilm Formation and Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-255
Author(s):  
Sanaa S. Hamam ◽  
Reem M. El Kholy ◽  
Maysaa E. S. Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Objective: The aims of the current study were to evaluate the capacity of K. pneumoniae isolated from hospital-acquired urinary tract infection to form biofilm, the relation of this capacity to various virulence genes and the prevalence of Extended Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) among these isolates by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Material and Methods: The study included 100 non-duplicate strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from 100 different urine samples from patients with hospital-acquired urinary tract infection. The isolated strains were studied for biofilm formation, ESBL production by phenotypic methods. Molecular studies were applied for the detection of ESβLs genes blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M and for detection of virulence genes fimH, uge, rmpA, mag A, wzy, kfa and aerobactin genes. Result: The majority of the isolates had the capacity to form a biofilm (81%), with ESBL prevalence rate 41%. The most prevalent gene among ESBL producing K. pneumoniae was blaCTX-M (73.2%) followed by blaSHV (53.6%) and blaTEM (51.2%). Among the virulence genes studied in K. pneumoniae isolates, the most prevalent gene was fimH (76%), uge (70%). There was significant association between ESBL production, and resistance to amikacin, cefepime, ceftazidime, gentamicin, imipenem and meropenem and biofilm production in K. pneumoniae isolates. There was significant association between blaCTX-M, blaSHV, fimH, mag, kfa, wzy, rmpA and aerobactin and biofilm production in K. pneumoniae. Conclusion: The present study highlights the prevalence of virulence genes among biofilm-forming strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from hospital-acquired urinary tract infection. Moreover, there was association between biofilm formation and ESBL production. Further studies are required to elucidate the clinical impact of the association of these different mechanisms.

scholarly journals Study the effect of different temperatures on the biofilm production in Proteus mirabilis isolated from urinary tract infection patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali A. Ghazay ◽  
Abbas Mayar Hezam ◽  
Mohammed M. Alkhuzaie ◽  
Israa Salih Obayes
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Tract Infections

15 isolates (39.4%) of Proteus mirabilis  were obtained from a total of 38  patients with urinary tract infections  in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital. All isolates were diagnosed with phenotypic, microscopic and biochemical tests. PCR technique was also used as a confirmatory test to investigate the 16S rRNA gene (product size 239bp) in Proteus mirabilis  , where the results showed the presence of the gene in all isolates . On the other hand ,the detection of biofilm formation   in Proteus mirabilis  isolated from patients urinary tract infection was done using the tubes method .The results showed that 10 (75%) isolates were capable of producing the biofilm, where the value of the optical density of the formed biofilm ranged from 0.064-0.411 nm. Then, the effect of diefferent temperatures (25,30 37,40) ℃ on the Biofilm Formation in Proteus mirabilis  was studied, Where the most efficient bacteria were selected in the production of the biofilm and the test was carried out .The results showed that the bacteria were unable to form the biofilm at 25℃ either  at 3040℃, the biofilm is very thin at 37℃ and 40℃, it becomes a thick biofilm. The results of the current study showed that the temperature has a significant effect on the production of the biofilm and that the thickness of the biofilm increases with increasing temperature

Risk Factors in Diabetes and Pregnant Women with Urinary Tract Infections Compared to Younger Aged Female.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
Abdulghani Mohamed Alsamarai ◽  
Shler Ali Khorshed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Female Student ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Infected Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infection is common with health impact in women and characterised by failure to treatment and recurrent episodes. Aim: This study was conducted to determine the risk factors for the development of urinary tract infection in diabetic and pregnant women in comparison to student female. Materials and methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted during the period from 1st of June 2015 to the end of January 2016. The population included in the study are 563 women, of them 425 were outpatients, and 138 were inpatients. Their age range between 18 and 80 years, with a mean age of 33.59±15.29 years. Urine samples collected and cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar by spread plate technique. Bacterial colonies with different morphology were selected, purified and identified according to their biochemical characteristics using conventional standard methods. Results: In diabetic women, there were no significant difference in mean age and BMI values between culture positive and culture negative groups. However, pus cell mean scale was significantly higher [P=0.000] in women with urinary tract infection [1.76±1.25] than in those with negative culture [0.69±1.00]. In pregnant women, BMI mean value was significantly [P=0.013] lower in pregnant women with UTI [26.14] as compared to those without infection [26.99]. Pus cell scale mean value was significantly [P=0.000] higher in pregnant women with UTI [1.55] than women with negative UTI [0.85]. While there was no significant difference in mean age between UTI positive and negative pregnant women. In female student, there was a significant difference between UTI infected and non-infected in mean age [P=0.041] and pus cell scale [P=0.000]. However, BMI was not significantly different between infected and non-infected female student. Other risk factors association are variables in the 3 groups when analysed using X2, while AUC and OR show different trends of association between risk factors and UTI. Conclusion: BMI, pus cell scale, child number, delivery method, operation history and hospital setting were significantly associated with culture positivity in the 3 studied groups as determined by AUC. While OR confirmed association with pus sale scale in the 3 groups.

The effect of some chemical materials against virulence factors of Candida ssp isolated from UTI patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Abdul Hussein Mejbel
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Chemical Materials

 During the period from September 2016 to December 2017,135 urine samples were collected from urinary tract infection patients attending to AL-Zahraa Hospital in AL-Najaf Governorate. The present study was conducted to isolate and identify Candida spp. isolated from urinary tract infection patients by different methods including direct examination, laboratory culture, biochemical test and by modern techniques (Api Candida kit) and determine the virulence factors phenotypic to Candida spp which involved (biofilm formation,phospholipase and germ tube). The percentage of females to males was as following, female (84) 62.2 % (21) infected and male (51) 37.8% (1) infected with all age categories. The results in this study are explain that is some Candida spp. such as C. albicans, have high susceptible to eugenole follow by phenol and umbellulone. The efficiency of some chemical substances such as (eugenole,umbellulone, and phenol) was evaluated to inhibit the growth of Candida ssp as well as some virulence factors such as biofilm formation,germ tube and phospholipase,which were studied in this research. Statistically analysis results have been significance difference between the results of the substance concentrations and the concentrations of the different other substances.

Detection of tox A gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that isolates from different clinical cases by using PCR.

2018 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Rana M. Abdullah Al-Shwaikh ◽  
Abbas Falih Alornaaouti
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

       Current study obtained (75) isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from different cases included : 28 isolates from otitis media, 23 isolates from burn infections, 10 isolates from wound infections, 8 isolates from urinary tract infections and 6 isolates from blood, during the period between 1/9/2014 to 1/11/2014        The result revealed that the tox A gene was present in 54 isolates (72%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The gel electrophoresis showed that the molecular weight of tox A gene was 352 bp. The result shows 17 isolates (60.71%) from otitis media has tox A gene, 18 isolates (78.26%) from burn followed by 8 isolate (80%) from wound infection and 5 isolates (62.5%) from urinary tract infection , finally 6 isolates (100%) from blood have this gene.

URINARY INFECTION AT DEPARTMENT OF UROLOGY OF HUE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY HOSPITAL

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
Dinh Khanh Le ◽  
Dinh Dam Le ◽  
Khoa Hung Nguyen ◽  
Xuan My Nguyen ◽  
Minh Nhat Vo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Positive Urine ◽  
Tract Infections

Objectives: To investigate clinical characteristics, bacterial characteristics, drug resistance status in patients with urinary tract infections treated at Department of Urology, Hue University Hospital. Materials and Method: The study was conducted in 474 patients with urological disease treated at Department of Urology, Hue Universiry Hospital from July 2017 to April 2018. Urine culture was done in the patients with urine > 25 Leu/ul who have symptoms of urinary tract disease or infection symptoms. Patients with positive urine cultures were analyzed for clinical and bacterial characteristics. Results: 187/474 (39.5%) patients had symptoms associated with urinary tract infections. 85/474 (17.9%) patients were diagnosed with urinary tract infection. The positive urine culture rate was 45.5%. Symptoms of UTI were varied, and no prominent symptoms. E. coli accounts for the highest proportion (46.67%), followed by, Staphycoccus aureus (10.67%), Pseudomonas aeruginsa (8,0%), Streptococcus faecali and Proteus (2.67%). ESBL - producing E. coli was 69.23%, ESBL producing Enterobacter spp was 33.33%. Gram-negative bacteria are susceptible to meropenem, imipenem, amikacin while gram positive are vancomycin-sensitive. Conclusions: Clinical manifestations of urinary tract infections varied and its typical symptoms are unclear. E.coli is a common bacterium (46.67%). Isolated bacteria have a high rate of resistance to some common antibiotics especially the third generation cephalosporins and quinolones. Most bacteria are resistant to multiple antibiotics at the same time. Gram (+) bacteria are susceptible to vancomycin, and gram (-) bacteria are susceptible to cefoxitin, amikacin, and carbapenem. Key words: urinary tract infection

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