scholarly journals Prevalence and distribution of antimicrobial resistance determinants ofEscherichia coliisolates obtained from meat in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishmael Festus Jaja ◽  
James Oguttu ◽  
Ezekiel Green ◽  
Voster Muchenje
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Standard Culture

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to characterise antibiotics resistance ofEscherichia coliisolates from the formal meat sector (FMS) and informal meat sectors (INMS).MethodA total of 162 and 102E. coliisolates from the FMS, and INMS respectively were isolated by standard culture-based, and biochemical reactions. The isolates were further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The disc diffusion method was used to screen for antimicrobial susceptibility against 19 different antibiotics. The presence of class 1-2 integrons in eachE. coliisolates was assessed usingandregions specific primers.ResultAmong the 19 antimicrobials, resistance to tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, and nitrofurans were found to be more frequent than carbapenems and phenicol with a noticeable increase in the number of multi-drug resistance ranging from three to ten antimicrobials. A total of 20 resistance determinants were assessed with their prevalence and distributions obtained as follows for FMS and INMS respectively; [aminoglycosides:aadA(40.6%; 31.9%),aacC2(21.4%; 31%),aphA1(20.8%; 15.1%),aphA2(37.7%; 18.9%) andstrA(6.5%; 9.4%)], [β-lactams:ampC(20%; 45%),blaTEM, (4.4%; 13.3), andblaZ(8.9%; 2.2%)], [Chloramphenicol:catI(1.7%; 1.7%), andcmIA1(1.7%; 1.7%)] and [tetracyclines:tetA(7.7%; 15.4%),tetB(11.5%; 24%), andtetM, (1.9%; 8.7%)], and [sulfonamides: sul1 (22.2%; 26.7%), sul2 (17.8%; 6.7%)].ConclusionMultiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indexes ranged from 0.2 - 0.5. The results reveal a high prevalence of multidrug-resistantE. coliisolates and resistance determinants suggesting that consumers and handlers of such meat are at risk of contracting antibiotic resistantE. coli-related foodborne disease.

Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Patients Are Associated with Class 1 and 2 Integrons

Chemotherapy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Lavakhamseh ◽  
Parviz Mohajeri ◽  
Samaneh Rouhi ◽  
Pegah Shakib ◽  
Rashid Ramazanzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Dna Elements

Background:Escherichia coli isolates displaying multidrug-resistance (MDR) are a major health care problem that results in mortality and morbidity. Integrons are DNA elements in E.coli that are related to antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to determine class 1 and 2 integrons and MDR in E. coli isolates obtained from patients in two Sanandaj hospitals, located in Iran. Materials and Methods: 120 isolates of E. coli were obtained from clinical specimens (from November 2013 to April 2014), and the susceptibility of E. coli antimicrobial agents was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to the CLSI. PCR were applied for detection of class 1 and 2 integrons in E. coli isolates. SPSS software v16 and the χ2 test were used for statistical analysis in order to calculate the association between antibiotic resistance and the presence of integrons (p < 0.05). Results: In a total of 120 E. coli isolates, 42.5% had MDR. Integrons were found in 50.9% of the MDR isolates, and included 47.05% class 1 and 3.92% class 2 integrons. The strains did not have both classes of integrons simultaneously. An association between resistance to antibiotics and integrons was found. Conclusion: Our results showed that int1 and int2 genes present in E. coli isolates obtained from patients cause MDR in this isolates. Since such bacteria are a reservoir for the transmission of MDR bacteria, appropriate programs are necessary to reduce this problem.

scholarly journals Detection of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, Resistance Determinants, and Mobile Elements in Surface Waters in Lebanon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Moussa ◽  
Edmond Abboud ◽  
Sima Tokajian
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Bacterial Contaminants ◽  
Plasmid Analysis

AbstractThe prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in surface water in Lebanon is a growing concern and understanding the mechanisms of the spread of resistance determinants is essential. We aimed at studying the occurrence of resistant organisms and determinants in surface water sources in Lebanon and understanding their mobilization and transmission. Water samples were collected from five major rivers in Lebanon. 91 isolates were recovered out of which 25 were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and accordingly were further characterized. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most commonly identified MDR isolates. Conjugation assays coupled with in silico plasmid analysis were performed and validated using PCR-based replicon typing (PBRT) to identify and confirm incompatibility groups and the localization of β-lactamase encoding genes. E. coli EC23 carried a blaNDM-5 gene on a conjugative, multireplicon plasmid, while blaCTX-M-15 and blaTEM-1B were detected in the majority of the MDR isolates. Different ST types were identified including the highly virulent E. coli ST131. Our results showed a common occurrence of bacterial contaminants in surface water and an increase in the risk for the dissemination of resistance determinants exacerbated with the ongoing intensified population mobility in Lebanon and the widespread lack of wastewater treatment.

Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli, isolated from children’s intestinal microbiota

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 638-644
Author(s):  
L. V. Suzhaeva ◽  
S. A. Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacteriophage Therapy ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Clinically Significant

Recent studies have shown that bacterial resistance existed long before antimicrobials were used in medicine, and not only pathogens are resistant to antibiotics. 511 strains of E. coli isolated from the intestinal microbiota of children aged 1 month to 17 years living in St. Petersburg were studied: the susceptibility to 15 antibiotics was determined by the disk diffusion method, as well as the susceptibility to 6 commercial bacteriophages produced by «Microgen» (Russia). The b-lactamase genes of molecular families TEM, SHV, OXA, and CTX-M were detected by multiplex PCR. 39,3% E. coli isolates were resistant to one or more antimicrobial classes. The proportion of multidrug resistant isolates (resistant to 3 or more classes) was 16,6%. Multidrug resistance to clinically significant antimicrobial classes (extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) + fluoroquinolones + aminoglycosides) was detected in 0,8% isolates. Resistance to aminopenicillins was detected in 29,5%, ESC - 11,2%, fluoroquinolones - 13,3%, tetracycline - 20,0%, chloramphenicol - 9,8%, aminoglycosides - 2,5% isolates. b-lactam resistance was due to the beta-lactamase production: to ampicillin - the molecular family TEM (81,9%), ESC - the CTX-M molecular family (87,7%) CTX-M1 - (66%) and CTX-M9 groups (34%). 43,5% multidrug resistant E. coli isolates were susceptible to at least one of the six commercial bacteriophages produced by «Microgen». The study showed that the intestinal microbiota of children is an important reservoir of E. coli resistant (including multidrug resistance) to various classes of antibiotics, and bacteriophage therapy is an alternative method for eradication of antibiotic-resistant E. coli.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Carbapenem Based Nanohybrids as Antimicrobial Agents for Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-391
Author(s):  
Letitia Doina Duceac ◽  
Geta Mitrea ◽  
Elena Ariela Banu ◽  
Madalina Irina Ciuhodaru ◽  
Irina Mihaela Ciomaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Therapy ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains

Carbapenem antibiotics resistance is a medical threat in antibacterial therapy as the pathogen resistant strains easily evolve a multi-drug resistance action to other incurable agents. The protective transport of current antibiotic molecules using nano-carriers initiates a huge approach in the antibacterial therapy, allowing the nanohybrids to defeat all these health threat pathogen agents. Chitosan is a linear cationic polysaccharide being often used in medical area as a biocompatible encapsulating agent in antibiotic delivery nanosystems. This work refers to encapsulation of imipenem into biodegradable chitosan nanoparticles in order to destroy antibiotic-resistant bacteria and limit the microbial adhesion and multiplication. Nanoparticles were prepared by ion gelation method using tripolyphosphate as cross linking agent. The obtained hybrid nanocapsules were then characterized and evaluated as a potential nano-device to beat antimicrobial resistance.

scholarly journals Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and integrons in Escherichia coli isolated from feces of dairy goats in Nong Chok, Bangkok, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-236
Author(s):  
Watsawan Prapasawat ◽  
◽  
Apiradee Intarapuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Rectal Swab ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Animal Habitat

Antimicrobial resistance is recognized as a growing public health problem. Antimicrobial use and misuse in animal farms have boosted antimicrobial resistance among bacteria in the animal habitat and may be transferred to humans. Therefore, this study was to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, integrons and their association in Escherichia coli isolated from dairy goats in Nong Chok, Bangkok. Ninety-four fecal samples from dairy goats were collected by rectal swab between April 2019 and May 2019. Of 180 E. coli isolates, 141 were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent by disc diffusion method. The most frequent E. coli resistance was to streptomycin 65.6% (118/180), followed by tetracycline 30.0% (54/180), kanamycin 21.7% (39/180), and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim 21.7% (39/180). Furthermore, the percentage of multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli was 23.9% (43/180). Thirty-nine antimicrobial resistance profiles were found in this study and the most common resistance profiles were STR 23.3% (42/180), STR-TET-SXT 10.0% (18/180) and KAN-STR 6.7% (12/180). All of the 180 E. coli isolates were detected class 1 and 2 integrons by multiplex PCR. The results revealed 22.2% (40/180) were positive for integrons including resistant isolates 92.5% (37/40) and susceptible 7.5% (3/40). Moreover, E. coli isolates resistant to streptomycin, tetracycline, enrofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim were significantly associated with the presence of integrons (P < 0.05). The data of this study indicated that dairy goats in farms could be a reservoir and possible spread of resistant isolates to farmers and consumers via animals and their products.

scholarly journals Patterns of Antimicrobial and Multi Drug Resistance in E. coli and Salmonella Isolates of Commercial and Non-Commercial Poultry

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Asghar Ali Kamboh
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Poultry Birds ◽  
The Status ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Commercial Poultry

The extensive and abuse of antibiotics have contributed to the universal spread of antibiotic resistance (AR). Commercial poultry birds harbor more antibiotic-resistant microorganisms than the backyard chicken, but the status is not published in quails. This study was designed to investigate the status of AR microbiota in C0: backyard chickens, C1: commercial broiler, Q0: backyard/wild quails and Q1: commercial quails (n=20). Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella isolates from carcass and ceca of these chickens and quails were investigated for incidence and extent of AR using disk diffusion method. The results of overall microbiota of the experimental birds revealed that C1 showed a greater (P < 0.01) AR as compared with C0 for ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, neomycin, norfloxacin, oxytetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole, with about 57.39, 57.24, 38.78, 62.92, 36.51, 67.61, 55.83 and 55.68% greater incidence of AR, respectively. Similarly, Q1 also exhibited a greater (P < 0.01) AR than Q0 for these antibiotics, with about 65.59, 58.44, 54.38, 54.38, 55.68, 51.62, 54.87, and 64.93%, respectively. Moreover, the results of individual microbial numbers of both the pathogenic bacterial isolates from C1 and Q1 exhibited a higher (P < 0.01) AR for all tested antimicrobials than those isolated from C0 and Q0. Additionally, the E. coli and Salmonella isolates of C1 and Q1 were more (P < 0.05) multi drug resistant (MDR) as compared with C0 and Q0. Furthermore, the extent of AR was greater in E. coli and Salmonella isolates of C1 and Q1 in contrast to those of C0 and Q0. Finally, C1 and Q1 harbored a greater number of MDR bacterial species than those in C0 and Q0 thus may act as risk factors for antimicrobial dissemination. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance and prevalence of class 1 and 2 integrons in Escherichia coli isolated from hospital wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Ranjbar ◽  
Maryam Zeynali ◽  
Nooshin Sohrabi ◽  
Asghar Ali Kamboh
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Hospital Wastewater ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Hospital Wastewaters

BACKGROUND <br />Hospital wastewaters may contain antibiotic resistant bacteria such as Escherichia coli. These E. coli harbor integron genes that are responsible for antibiotic resistance. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the frequency of class 1 and 2 integrons in environmental antibiotic resistant E. coli strains isolated from the hospital wastewaters in Tehran, Iran.<br /><br />METHODS<br />As a descriptive cross-sectional study, this research was performed from April to September 2015 on hospital wastewaters in Tehran. Bacterial isolation and identification was performed by standard biochemical and bacteriological procedures. Susceptibility testing was done by employing the disk diffusion method using different antibiotics. Total DNAs were extracted to evaluate the presence of class 1 and 2 integrons by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method with specific primers. <br /><br />RESULTS<br />Fifty E. coli strains were isolated and identified from the wastewaters of 25 hospitals in Tehran. The phenotype results showed that 46 isolates (92%) were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 27 isolates (54%) were multidrug resistant. PCR showed that 35 (70%) and 20 (40%) of the isolates had class 1 and 2 integrons respectively and 14 isolates (28%) had both class 1 and class 2 integrons.<br /><br />CONCLUSION<br />This study has shown a considerable presence of class 1 and class 2 integrons in E. coli strains isolated from hospital wastewaters in Tehran. Proper antibiotics prescription and appropriate hospital wastewater treatment can prevent resistance genes in E. coli from circulating in the environment.

scholarly journals The Resistome, Mobilome, Virulome and Phylogenomics of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates from Pretoria, South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nontombi Marylucy Mbelle ◽  
Charles Feldman ◽  
John Osei Sekyere ◽  
Nontuthuko Excellent Maningi ◽  
Lesedi Modipane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Clinical Epidemiology ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Animal Strains ◽  
Plasmid Replicons

Abstract Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli is a common occurrence in food, clinical, community and environmental settings worldwide. The resistome, mobilome, virulome and phylogenomics of 20 multidrug resistant (MDR) clinical E. coli isolates collected in 2013 from Pretoria, South Africa, were characterised. The isolates were all extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers, harbouring CTX-M (n = 16; 80%), TEM-1B (n = 10; 50%) and OXA (n = 12, 60%) β-lactamases alongside genes mediating resistance to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines etc. Most resistance determinants were found on contigs containing IncF plasmid replicons and bracketed by composite transposons (Tn3), diverse ISs and class 1 integrons (In13, In54, In369, and In467). Gene cassettes such as blaOXA,dfrA5-psp-aadA2-cmlA1a-aadA1-qac and estX3-psp-aadA2-cmlA1a-aadA1a-qac were encompassed by Tn3 and ISs; several isolates had same or highly similar genomic antibiotic resistance islands. ST131 (n = 10), ST617 (n = 2) and singletons of ST10, ST73, ST95, ST410, ST648, ST665, ST744 and ST998 clones were phylogenetically related to clinical (human and animal) strains from Egypt, Kenya, Niger, Nigeria, Tanzania, and UK. A rich repertoire of virulence genes, including iss, gad and iha were identified. MDR E. coli harbouring chromosomal and plasmid-borne resistance genes in same and multiple clones exist in South Africa, which is very worrying for clinical epidemiology and infectious diseases management.

scholarly journals Association of integrons with multidrug-resistant isolates among phylogenic groups of uropathogenic Escherichia coli

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Yekani ◽  
Mohammad Yousef Memar ◽  
Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi ◽  
Fatemeh Yeganeh Sefidan ◽  
Naser Alizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Phylogenetic Grouping ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Tract Infections

The aims of this study were to investigate the antibiotics susceptibility, multidrug- resistant (MDR) frequency and the association of integrons with MDR among phylogenic groups of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). In total, 176 non-duplicated UPEC isolates were collected from urinary tract infections (UTIs) specimens. The disk diffusion method was performed for determination of antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Phylogenetic grouping and the presence of integron-associated genes (int) were detected by the PCR technique. A high frequency of resistance was observed to cotrimoxazole (96.9%), ampicillin (85%), trimethoprim (80.1%) and cefazolin (79.6%); and 140 isolates (79.5%) were MDR. Carbapenems and fosfomycin were the most effective antibiotics. The majority of isolates (60.8%) belonged to the phylogenic group B2. Integrons were detected in 135 (76.7%) of isolates and, class I was the most common (63.6%) class. MDR isolates were found to be significantly associated with class І integrons. These isolates were found to be closely associated with the phylogenic group D (82%), however, the presence of class І integrons was higher among MDR isolates of the phylogroup B1. This pattern is believed to be due to other mechanisms such as the overexpression of the efflux pumps. Our findings show a significant correlation between MDR and the presence of class І integron. We conclude that class 1 integron plays an important role in the development of MDR UPEC, especially among the phylogroup B1.

scholarly journals Prevalence of antibiotic resistance Escherichia coli isolated from Pangasius catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) fillet during freezing process at two factories in Mekong Delta Vietnam

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1785-1793
Author(s):  
D.A. Salako ◽  
P.N. Trang ◽  
N.C. Ha ◽  
T. Miyamoto ◽  
T.T.A. Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Wash Water ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Freezing Process ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
E Coli

Total of 261 samples of fish and environmental samples (i.e. wash water, swabs of hand/ gloves of workers, fish contact surfaces i.e. knives, cutting boards and working tables) were collected from two Pangasius processing factories (PPF1 and PPF2). A total of seventy-one (71) isolates of Escherichia coli were selected to study the prevalence of antibiotics resistance using disk agar diffusion method. Overall, it was determined that 61% (22/36) of PPF1 isolates were resistant except to colistin while 68.57% (24/35) of PPF2 isolates were resistant except kanamycin. High resistance was against ampicillin in both PPF1 and PPF2 isolates (47.22% and 42.86%), followed by cefotaxime (33.33% and 40%) respectively. Varying resistance response to all other tested antibiotics such as streptomycin, meropenem, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and nalidixic acid was also observed among the E. coli isolates from both factories. About 50% of the multidrug resistant (3-9 antibiotics) among PPF1 were observed whereas there were 45.83% multi-drug resistant (3-7 antibiotics) among PPF2 isolates. The result from this study reflected that there was a prevalence of multi-drug resistance of E. coli isolated during the processing of Pangasius at the studied factories. Therefore, there is a need for an effective risk management assessment models and management plans from stakeholders involved in the Pangasius value chain (i.e. farmers, processors and government) to ensure the food safety of production chain

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document