scholarly journals Plant A20/AN1 proteins coordinate different immune responses including RNAi pathway for antiviral immunity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Chang ◽  
Ho-Hsiung Chang ◽  
Yi-Shu Chiu ◽  
Jui-Che Chang ◽  
Duen-Wei Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Antiviral Immunity ◽  
Rnai Pathway ◽  
Functional Domain ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Stress Associated Protein ◽  
Rna Polymerase 1

ABSTRACTSalicylic acid (SA)-mediated immunity plays important roles in combating virus in plants. Two plant stress associated protein (SAPs) containing dual A20/AN1 zinc-finger domain were found to play important roles in SA-mediated immunity; however, detailed mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, another orchid homolog gene of Pha13, Pha21, was analyzed. Pha21 confers antiviral immunity in both transgenic orchid and Arabidopsis overexpressing Pha21. Expression of Pha21 is early-induced by SA treatment, and is involved in the expression of the orchid homolog of the master regulator NPR1. Pha21 but not Pha13 is involved in the expression of key RNAi-related genes, Dicer-like nuclease 4 (DCL4) and Argonaut 1 (AGO1) in orchids. The involvement of SAPs in expression of orchid DCL4 and AGO1 is not limited to orchid, as AtSAP5 also plays essential role in the expression of Arabidopsis DCL4 and AGO1. However, unlike Pha13 and AtSAP5, Pha21 does not play positive role in the expression of orchid homolog gene of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 (RdR1), an important gene in RNAi pathway. Pha21 can be found localized in the nucleus, and confers self-E3 ligase and ubiquitin binding activities. Functional domain analysis revealed that both A20 and AN1 domains of Pha21 are required for decreasing virus accumulation, and the AN1 domain plays a more important role in the expression of orchid DCL4. Collectively, our data suggests SA regulated SAPs play important roles in antiviral immunity and is involved in delicate regulation of key genes in RNAi-mediated pathway.IMPORTANCESalicylic acid (SA)-mediated antiviral immunity plays an important role to protect plants from virus infection; however, the detailed mechanisms remain elusive. We previously demonstrated that two plant A20/AN1 proteins, orchid Pha13 and Arabidopsis AtSAP5, function similarly and serve as an important hub to regulate SA-mediated antiviral immunity. In this study, we identified another orchid A20/AN1 protein, Pha21, which is involved in SA-mediated antiviral immunity. In contrast to Pha13 and AtSAP5, Pha21 plays minor negative roles in the expression of PhaRdR1 (orchid homolog of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1). However, Pha21 and AtSAP5, but not Pha13, are involved in the expression of important players in RNAi pathway, Dicer-like nuclease 4 (DCL4) and Argonaut 1 (AGO1), in orchid and Arabidopsis. Our data demonstrates that plant A20/AN1 proteins are conserved players in SA-mediated antiviral resistance among plants, and provide links between the A20/AN1 proteins and the RNAi pathway.

scholarly journals Differential expression of cucumber RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 genes during antiviral defence and resistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Leibman ◽  
Michael Kravchik ◽  
Dalia Wolf ◽  
Sabrina Haviv ◽  
Mira Weissberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase 1

scholarly journals RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 in potato (Solanum tuberosum) and its relationship to other plant RNA-dependent RNA polymerases

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia J. R. Hunter ◽  
Samuel F. Brockington ◽  
Alex M. Murphy ◽  
Adrienne E. Pate ◽  
Kristina Gruden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerases ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase 1

scholarly journals Role of DCP1-DCP2 complex regulated by viral and host microRNAs in DNA virus infection

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuechao Sun ◽  
Xiaobo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Antiviral Immunity ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Rnai Pathway ◽  
Dna Virus ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Negative Effect

AbstractThe DCP1-DCP2 complex can regulate the animal antiviral immunity by the decapping of retrovirus RNAs and the suppression of RNAi pathway. However, the influence of DCP1-DCP2 complex on DNA virus infection and the regulation of DCP1-DCP2 complex by microRNAs (miRNAs) remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of miRNA-regulated DCP1-DCP2 complex in DNA virus infection. Our results suggested that the DCP1-DCP2 complex played a positive role in the infection of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), a DNA virus of shrimp. The N-terminal regulatory domain of DCP2 was interacted with the EVH1 domain of DCP1, forming the DCP1-DCP2 complex. Furthermore, a host shrimp miRNA (miR-87) inhibited WSSV infection by targeting the host DCP2 gene and a viral miRNA (WSSV-miR-N46) took a negative effect on WSSV replication by targeting the host DCP1 gene. Therefore, our study provided novel insights into the underlying mechanism of DCP1-DCP2 complex and its regulation by miRNAs in virus-host interactions.The DCP1-DCP2 complex can regulate the animal antiviral immunity by the decapping of retrovirus RNAs and the suppression of RNAi pathway. In the present study, the findings indicated that the silencing of the DCP1-DCP2 complex inhibited the infection of WSSV, a DNA virus of shrimp, suggesting that the DCP1-DCP2 complex facilitated DNA virus infection. Due to the suppressive role of the DCP1-DCP2 complex in RNAi pathway against virus infection, the DCP1-DCP2 complex could promote WSSV infection in shrimp. In this context, our study contributed a novel aspect of the DCP1-DCP2 complex in virus-host interactions. Our study revealed that the host and viral miRNAs could regulate the DCP1-DCP2 complex to affect virus infection. Therefore, our study provided novel insights into the miRNA-mediated regulation of DCP1-DCP2 complex took great effects on RNAi immunity of invertebrates against virus infection.

scholarly journals RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase 1 from Nicotiana tabacum Suppresses RNA Silencing and Enhances Viral Infection in Nicotiana benthamiana

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1358-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Bao Ying ◽  
Li Dong ◽  
Hui Zhu ◽  
Cheng-Guo Duan ◽  
Quan-Sheng Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase 1

scholarly journals Analysis of rice RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 (OsRDR1) in virus-mediated RNA silencing after particle bombardment

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Chen ◽  
Atsushi Tamai ◽  
Masashi Mori ◽  
Masashi Ugaki ◽  
Yoshikazu Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Particle Bombardment ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase 1

scholarly journals Dynamics of a geminivirus-encoded pre-coat protein and host RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 in regulating symptom recovery in tobacco

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2085-2102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saumik Basu ◽  
Nirbhay Kumar Kushwaha ◽  
Ashish Kumar Singh ◽  
Pranav Pankaj Sahu ◽  
R Vinoth Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Symptom Recovery ◽  
Rna Polymerase 1

Expressional and regulatory characterization of Arabidopsis RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1

Planta ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 237 (6) ◽  
pp. 1561-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Xu ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Jie Zhen ◽  
Yunliu Fan ◽  
Chunyi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase 1

scholarly journals Identification of an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in Drosophila involved in RNAi and transposon suppression

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (37) ◽  
pp. 15645-15650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Concetta Lipardi ◽  
Bruce M. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Rnai Pathway ◽  
Rdrp Activity ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Initiation Mechanism ◽  
Genome Defense ◽  
Steady State Levels ◽  
Rna Levels

Here, we show that recombinant Drosophila elp1 (D-elp1) produced in Sf9 cells or Escherichia coli, corresponding to the largest of the three subunits in the RNA polymerase II core elongator complex, has RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) activity. D-elp1 is a noncanonical RdRP that can synthesize dsRNA from different ssRNA templates using either a primer-dependent or primer-independent initiation mechanism. Of the three core subunits, only D-elp1 depletion inhibits RNAi in S2 cells but does not affect micro RNA function. Furthermore, D-elp1 depletion results in increased steady state levels of representative transposon RNAs and a decrease in the corresponding transposon antisense transcripts and endo siRNAs. In contrast, although Dcr-2 depletion results in increased transposon RNA levels and a reduction in the corresponding endo siRNAs, there is no change in the transposon antisense RNA levels. In D-elp1 null third instar larvae transposon RNA levels are also increased and the corresponding transposon antisense RNAs are reduced. D-elp1 associates tightly with Dcr-2, similar to the Dicer-RdRP interaction observed in lower eukaryotes. These results identify an aspect of the RNAi pathway in Drosophila that suggest transposon derived endo siRNAs, critical for transposon suppression, are produced, in part, in a D-elp1 dependent step that converts transposon RNA into dsRNA that is subsequently processed by Dcr-2. The generality of this mechanism in genome defense and RNA silencing in higher eukaryotes is suggested.

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