scholarly journals Integrative taxonomy confirms the species status of the Himalayan langurs, Semnopithecus schistaceus Hodgson 1840

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunal Arekar ◽  
S. Sathyakumar ◽  
K. Praveen Karanth
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Hanuman Langur ◽  
As Species

AbstractTaxonomy is replete with groups where the species identity and classification remain unresolved. One such group is the widely distributed Hanuman langur (Colobinae: Semnopithecus). For most part of the last century, Hanuman langur was considered to be a single species with multiple subspecies. Nevertheless, recent studies using an integrative taxonomy approach suggested that this taxon is a complex, with at least three species. However, these studies did not include the Himalayan population of the Hanuman langur whose taxonomic status remains unresolved. The Himalayan population of Hanuman langurs have been classified as a distinct species with multiple subspecies or have been subsumed into other species. These classification schemes are wholly based on morphological characters and which are sometimes insufficient to delimit different species. Here, we have integrated data from multiple sources viz. morphology, DNA, and ecology to resolve the taxonomy of the Himalayan langur and to understand its distribution limit. Our results with three lines of evidence corresponding to three different species concepts show that Himalayan langur is a distinct species from S. entellus of the plains. Additionally, these results did not show any support for splitting of the Himalayan langur into multiple subspecies. Our study supports the classification proposed by Hill (1939) and we recommend Semnopithecus schistaceus, Hodgson 1840 as species name for the Himalayan langur and subsume all the known subspecies into it.

A Systematic Analysis of the Brushtail Possum, Trichosurus-Vulpecula (Kerr, 1792) (Marsupialia, Phalangeridae)

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Kerle ◽  
GM Mckay ◽  
GB Sharman
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Brushtail Possum ◽  
Trichosurus Vulpecula ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
North Eastern

The taxonomic status of distinctive populations of the widespread and morphologically variable possum Trichosurus vulpecula was examined. For the analysis, morphological characters (body size, fur colour and skull dimensions), karyotypes, electrophoretic allozyme, and ecological data were compared for as many Trichosurus populations as possible. There are insufficient differences between populations of T. vulpecula to reject a null hypothesis that they comprise a single species. Tasmanian, northern and south-western Australian populations could be retained as subspecies, but insufficient data exist to resolve the specific status of Atheton Tabeland and north-eastern Australian populations. One enigmatic result is that the skull morphometrics and allozymes of T. caninus were not distinguishable from those of sympatric T. vulpecula. However, other morphological characteristics and ecological data provide adequate evidence the T. caninus is a distinct species.

Uncovering Neotropical treefrog diversity: integrative taxonomy reveal paraphyly in Boana atlantica (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-521
Author(s):  
Luana Rodrigues Lima ◽  
Marcos Jorge Matias Dubeux ◽  
Filipe Augusto Cavalcanti do Nascimento ◽  
Daniel Pacheco Bruschi ◽  
Tamí Mott
Keyword(s):  
Strong Support ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Candidate Species ◽  
Species Being

Abstract Boana atlantica was described based on morphological characters to acommodate populations from Bahia state, Brazil, previously referred to as B. punctata. However, its taxonomic validity is questionable due to inconsistencies in bioacoustic data. Here, we integrate molecular, cytogenetic and morphological data to re-evaluate the taxonomic status of B. atlantica. Molecular analyses provided strong support for the hypothesis that B. atlantica is a valid species, being, however, nominal populations from Bahia state paraphyletic with respect to individuals of B. atlantica collected in Alagoas and Pernambuco states. These populations shown high genetic divergence in the 16S rRNA mitochondrial fragment, and we consider populations from Alagoas and Pernambuco as a putative new candidate species of Boana punctata group. The external and internal morphology of the tadpoles of these lineages were similar, but Nucleolar Organizer Regions (NOR) was sited in different chromosomes. Our results indicate that B. atlantica is paraphyletic and may be a complex of species. Morphological of adult and/or bioacoustical data should be further assessed to find diagnostic characters to tease these lineages apart and name them properly.

Mitochondrial DNA sequence evidence supporting the recognition of a new North Atlantic Pseudostichopus species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 1077-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco A. Solís-Marín ◽  
David S.M. Billett ◽  
Joanne Preston ◽  
Alex D. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the synallactid sea cucumber genus Pseudostichopus is described, P. aemulatus sp. nov., based on genetic (DNA sequences of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I [COI] gene) and morphological characters. A comparative molecular study with two other species of the same genus (P. villosus and P. mollis) and from a different family (Isostichopus fuscus) was carried out in order to clarify its taxonomic identity. The nucleotide distance between P. aemulatus sp. nov. and P. villosus and P. mollis is sufficient to support distinct species status. The estimated difference in the number of amino acids, coded for by a partially sequenced COI gene, within the species of the family Synallactidae ranged from 4 to 18. The phylogenetic analysis clearly supports separate species status of these sympatric morphotypes, as indicated by the morphological analysis.

scholarly journals A revision of the Pyura stolonifera species complex (Tunicata, Ascidiacea), with a description of a new species from Australia

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2754 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARC RIUS ◽  
PETER R. TESKE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Solitary Ascidian ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Dorsal Tubercle

Pyura stolonifera is a large solitary ascidian found in Africa, Australasia and South America. The taxonomic status of different populations of this species is disputed, especially since there is evidence for several distinct morphological and genetic units that point towards the existence of multiple cryptic species. While some researchers still recognize P. stolonifera as a single species, others treat the different populations as distinct species. Here, we present a revision of the P. stolonifera species complex based on the examination of samples from all regions where there are reliable reports of this taxon. We recognize four species that are both morphologically and genetically distinct, one of which is new to science and is formally described here. This species is morphologically distinct from the other three members of the species complex in terms of the colour and texture of the tunic, the arrangement of the gonads within the gut and the shape of the dorsal tubercle, among other characters. We name the new species Pyura dalbyi after Dr. J.E. Dalby Jr., whose research on its ecology and distribution provided the incentive for examining this species more closely.

scholarly journals Taxonomy and Natural History of the Crematogaster (Decacrema)-group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Madagascar

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2714 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
BONNIE B. BLAIMER
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
History Information ◽  
History Of

The taxonomy of the Malagasy Crematogaster (Decacrema) is revised and a total of six distinct species and one species-complex are recognized. Malagasy Decacrema are widespread ants in Madagascar that nest almost exclusively arboreally, either in carton nests or inside dead twigs or branches, and often tend Coccoidea. Four species are newly described here: Crematogaster mahery sp. nov., C. malala sp. nov., C. sabatra sp. nov. and C. sisa sp. nov.. The species status of Crematogaster grevei Forel 1891 is confirmed by the study, and one described subspecies, C. hova nosibeensis Forel 1891 is raised to species level (C. nosibeensis stat. nov.) and a neotype designated. Crematogaster hova latinoda Forel 1891 is synonymised under C. hova Forel 1887, and the taxonomic status of C. hova, C. ensifera Forel 1910 and C. schencki Forel 1891 is further investigated, but could not be resolved with methods employed here. The C. hova-complex, a species-complex consisting of five morphological forms, is hence defined and the three described species above are associated with these morphotypes. Full descriptions including natural history information are presented for all species and the species-complex, as well as images, distribution maps and a species-identification key to the workers of Malagasy Decacrema. A diagnosis of the Malagasy Decacrema and identification keys to the subgenera of the ant genus Crematogaster in the Malagasy region are also provided.

scholarly journals Evidence for extensive hybridisation and past introgression events in feather grasses using genome-wide SNP genotyping

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenii Baiakhmetov ◽  
Daria Ryzhakova ◽  
Polina D. Gudkova ◽  
Marcin Nobis
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Contemporary Gene Flow ◽  
Genome Wide

Abstract Background The proper identification of feather grasses in nature is often limited due to phenotypic variability and high morphological similarity between many species. Among plausible factors influencing this issue are hybridisation and introgression recently detected in the genus. Nonetheless, to date, only a bounded set of taxa have been investigated using integrative taxonomy combining morphological and molecular data. Here, we report the first large-scale study on five feather grass species across several hybrid zones in Russia and Central Asia. In total, 302 specimens were sampled in the field and classified based on the current descriptions of these taxa. They were then genotyped with high density genome-wide markers and measured based on a set of morphological characters to delimitate species and assess levels of hybridisation and introgression. Moreover, we tested species for past introgression and estimated divergence times between them. Results Our findings demonstrated that 250 specimens represent five distinct species: S. baicalensis, S. capillata, S. glareosa, S. grandis and S. krylovii. The remaining 52 individuals provided evidence for extensive hybridisation between S. capillata and S. baicalensis, S. capillata and S. krylovii, S. baicalensis and S. krylovii, as well as to a lesser extent between S. grandis and S. krylovii, S. grandis and S. baicalensis. We detected past reticulation events between S. baicalensis, S. krylovii, S. grandis and inferred that diversification within species S. capillata, S. baicalensis, S. krylovii and S. grandis started ca. 130–96 kya. In addition, the assessment of genetic population structure revealed signs of contemporary gene flow between populations across species from the section Leiostipa, despite significant geographical distances between some of them. Lastly, we concluded that only 5 out of 52 hybrid taxa were properly identified solely based on morphology. Conclusions Our results support the hypothesis that hybridisation is an important mechanism driving evolution in Stipa. As an outcome, this phenomenon complicates identification of hybrid taxa in the field using morphological characters alone. Thus, integrative taxonomy seems to be the only reliable way to properly resolve the phylogenetic issue of Stipa. Moreover, we believe that feather grasses may be a suitable genus to study hybridisation and introgression events in nature.

scholarly journals Integrative Taxonomy of Two Peruvian Strains of Brachionus plicatilis Complex with Potential in Aquaculture

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Pedro Pablo Alonso Sánchez-Dávila ◽  
Giovanna Sotil ◽  
Araceli Adabache-Ortiz ◽  
Deivis Cueva ◽  
Marcelo Silva-Briano
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Brachionus Plicatilis ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Mtdna Coi ◽  
The Relationship

Two Peruvian strains of the genus Brachionus were isolated from impacted coastal wetlands. With an integrative taxonomic view, we described their taxonomic status, morphological characters, productive parameters, and phylogenetic position. In the case of both strains, the relationship between biometrics and productive parameters obtained with Principal Components Analysis indicated that the lorica length was associated with longevity, progeny, egg production, and reproductive age, while the lorica width and aperture were associated with the maximum number of eggs carried. Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analysis carried out with mtDNA COI gene and rDNA ITS1 region showed that both strains were clustered in two clades with distinct phylogenetic positioning from what is currently known for Brachionus plicatilis s.l. One of the strains, Z010-VL, is proposed to be a subspecies of L4 (B. paranguensis), and the other strain, Z018-SD, is proposed as a sub species of SM2 (B. koreanus). In addition, 33 and 31 aquaculture production lineages are proposed, delimited by COI and concatenated COI+ITS1 sequences, respectively. Finally, this study provides new tools that enhance the traceability of the origin of each sub-species throughout the world.

On the taxonomic status of Oriental populations of the genus Bosminopsis Richard, 1895 (Crustacea: Cladocera)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5052 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-129
Author(s):  
PETR G. GARIBIAN ◽  
LA-ORSRI SANOAMUANG ◽  
ALEXEY A. KOTOV
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Small Spine ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Almost All

It is widely accepted among the Cladocera (Crustacea) taxonomists that almost all “cosmopolitan” taxa are represented by some un-revised complexes of cryptic species. But many macro taxa of the cladocerans are still unrevised. The aim of this work is to analyze the taxonomic status of Oriental populations of the genus Bosminopsis Richard, 1895 (Anomopoda: Bosminidae) based on morphological characters. We have studied populations from India, Myanmar, Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia and Papua New Guinea and concluded that Oriental populations belong to a single species, Bosminopsis africanus (Daday, 1908), initially described from Africa. Analysis of literature data confirms that is widely distributed through whole Oriental zone. A single large mucro, or the mucro accompanied by an additional small spine in both sexes, is the main trait which differentiates B. africanus from B. zernowi Linko, 1901 distributed in more northern regions of Eurasia.  

scholarly journals The taxonomic status of Tilia dasystyla in Crimea, Ukraine

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Pigott ◽  
B. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Fresh Material ◽  
Components Analysis

Nine populations of Tilia dasystyla Steven (Tiliaceae) in the Crimean mountains (Krymskiye Gory), including the type locality at Kastel Dag, were studied in the field and sampled by collection of herbarium specimens. This material was compared with specimens referred to Tilia hegonifolia Steven collected in Crimea, the Caucasus and Iran. Measurements or scores of 21 morphological characters made on the dried material were analysed by principal components analysis and logistic regression. These analyses demonstrated that the majority of trees could be correctly allocated to either Crimea or the Caucasus and Iran on the basis of the shape of their leaves and the area of their bracts. In addition there are differences of leaf and bract texture and bract colour which can be observed in fresh material. Chromosome counts showed that Crimean trees and one Caucasian tree are tetraploid (2n = 164). It is proposed that the Crimean, Caucasian and Iranian trees be treated as a single species with at least two subspecies: Tilia dasystyla Steven subsp. dasystyla from Crimea and T. dasystyla Steven subsp. caucasica (V. Engl.) Pigott from the Caucasus and Iran.

The taxonomic status of Aphodius insperatus Petrovitz, A. longipennis Rakovič and A. inylchekensis Frolov (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4728 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-394
Author(s):  
ANDREY V. FROLOV ◽  
LILIA A. AKHMETOVA ◽  
DAVID KRÁL
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Diagnostic Characters

The subgenus Bodilus Mulsant & Rey, 1870 of the genus Aphodius Helwig, 1798 sensu lato comprises 30 species in the Palearctic fauna (Frolov 2001, 2002, Dellacasa et al. 2016 [treated as genus Bodilus]). Frolov (2001) reviewed the species of this subgenus from Russia and adjacent countries and suggested that the monotypic subgenus Paramelinopterus Rakovič, 1984 shares the main diagnostic characters of Bodilus. Frolov (2001) was unable, however, to examine the type species of Paramelinopterus, A. longipennis Rakovič, 1984, at that time. Král (2016) suggested that A. (Bodilus) inylchekensis Frolov, 2001 is a junior synonym of A. longipennis. Recently we have re-examined all the types as well as the additional material accumulated in the museums and can confirm that A. inylchekensis is a distinct species, but A. insperatus Petrovitz, 1967 and A. longipennis cannot be reliably separated by the morphological characters. In the present contribution we illustrate the major diagnostic characters of the species based on the type specimens and also provide a distribution map of the known localities of the species. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document