scholarly journals Quantitative measurements of chromatin modification dynamics during zygotic genome activation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Sato ◽  
Lennart Hilbert ◽  
Haruka Oda ◽  
Yinan Wan ◽  
John M. Heddleston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttranslational Modifications ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Chromatin Modification ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Active Transcription ◽  
Specific Locus ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome

AbstractHistone posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are key gene expression regulators, but their rapid dynamics during development remain difficult to capture. We describe an approach that images fluorescent antibody fragments to quantify PTM enrichment and active transcription at defined loci during zygotic genome activation in living zebrafish embryos. The technique reveals a drastic increase in histone H3 Lys27 acetylation (H3K27ac) before genome activation both at a specific locus and globally.

scholarly journals Transcriptional Activation of Arabidopsis Zygotes Is Required for Initial Cell Divisions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Kao ◽  
Michael D. Nodine
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Microscopy Technique ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
Maternal To Zygotic Transition ◽  
Parental Gene ◽  
Active Transcription ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome

AbstractCommonly referred to as the maternal-to-zygotic transition, the shift of developmental control from maternal-to-zygotic genomes is a key event during animal and plant embryogenesis. Together with the degradation of parental gene products, the increased transcriptional activities of the zygotic genome remodels the early embryonic transcriptome during this transition. Although evidence from multiple flowering plants suggests that zygotes become transcriptionally active soon after fertilization, the timing and developmental requirements of zygotic genome activation in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) remained a matter of debate until recently. In this report, we optimized an expansion microscopy technique for robust immunostaining of Arabidopsis ovules and seeds. This enabled the detection of marks indicative of active transcription in zygotes before the first cell division. Moreover, we employed a live-imaging culture system together with transcriptional inhibitors to demonstrate that such active transcription is physiologically required in zygotes and early embryos. Our results indicate that zygotic genome activation occurs soon after fertilization and is required for the initial zygotic divisions in Arabidopsis.

scholarly journals Transcriptional Activation of Arabidopsis Zygotes Is Required for Their Initial Division

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Kao ◽  
Michael Nodine
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Microscopy Technique ◽  
Maternal To Zygotic Transition ◽  
Parental Gene ◽  
Active Transcription ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome

SUMMARYCommonly referred to as the maternal-to-zygotic transition, the shift of developmental control from maternal-to-zygotic genomes is a key event during animal and plant embryogenesis. Together with the degradation of parental gene products, the increased transcriptional activities of the zygotic genome remodels the early embryonic transcriptome during this transition. Although evidence from multiple flowering plants suggests that zygotes become transcriptionally active soon after fertilization, the timing and developmental requirements of zygotic genome activation in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) remained a matter of debate until recently. In this report, we optimized an expansion microscopy technique for robust immunostaining of Arabidopsis ovules and seeds. This enabled the detection of marks indicative of active transcription in zygotes before the first cell division. Moreover, we employed a live-imaging culture system together with transcriptional inhibitors to demonstrate that such active transcription is required in zygotes. Our results indicate that zygotic genome activation occurs soon after fertilization and is physiologically required prior to the initial zygotic division in Arabidopsis.

scholarly journals Histone H3K27 acetylation precedes active transcription during zebrafish zygotic genome activation as revealed by live-cell analysis

Development ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 146 (19) ◽  
pp. dev179127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Sato ◽  
Lennart Hilbert ◽  
Haruka Oda ◽  
Yinan Wan ◽  
John M. Heddleston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Cell ◽  
Cell Analysis ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Histone H3k27 ◽  
Active Transcription ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Live Cell Analysis ◽  
Zygotic Genome

CLAMP regulates Zygotic Genome Activation in Drosophila embryos

Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M Colonnetta ◽  
Juan E Abrahante ◽  
Paul Schedl ◽  
Daryl M Gohl ◽  
Girish Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Embryonic Patterning ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Promoter Sequences ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Zygotic Transcription ◽  
Pioneer Factor ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Drosophila Embryos ◽  
Zygotic Genome

Abstract Embryonic patterning is critically dependent on zygotic genome activation (ZGA). In Drosophila melanogaster embryos, the pioneer factor Zelda directs ZGA, possibly in conjunction with other factors. Here we have explored novel involvement of Chromatin-Linked Adapter for MSL Proteins (CLAMP) during ZGA. CLAMP binds thousands of sites genome-wide throughout early embryogenesis. Interestingly, CLAMP relocates to target promoter sequences across the genome when ZGA is initiated. Although there is a considerable overlap between CLAMP and Zelda binding sites, the proteins display distinct temporal dynamics. To assess whether CLAMP occupancy affects gene expression, we analyzed transcriptomes of embryos zygotically compromised for either clamp or zelda and found that transcript levels of many zygotically-activated genes are similarly affected. Importantly, compromising either clamp or zelda disrupted the expression of critical segmentation and sex determination genes bound by CLAMP (and Zelda). Furthermore, clamp knockdown embryos recapitulate other phenotypes observed in Zelda-depleted embryos, including nuclear division defects, centrosome aberrations, and a disorganized actomyosin network. Based on these data, we propose that CLAMP acts in concert with Zelda to regulate early zygotic transcription.

scholarly journals Zygotic Genome Activation in Vertebrates

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Jukam ◽  
S. Ali M. Shariati ◽  
Jan M. Skotheim
Keyword(s):  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome

MouseXist expression begins at zygotic genome activation and is timed by a zygotic clock

2001 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Zuccotti ◽  
Michele Boiani ◽  
Ruben Ponce ◽  
Stefano Guizzardi ◽  
Renato Scandroglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome
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