scholarly journals The origins of anterograde interference in visuomotor adaptation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Lerner ◽  
Scott Albert ◽  
Pedro A. Caffaro ◽  
Jorge I. Villalta ◽  
Florencia Jacobacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Level ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Visuomotor Adaptation ◽  
Prior Learning ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Learning Impairment ◽  
Future Learning ◽  
Learning From Error ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTAnterograde interference refers to the negative impact of prior learning on the propensity for future learning. Previous work has shown that subsequent adaptation to two perturbations of opposing sign, A and B, impairs performance in B. Here, we aimed to unveil the mechanism at the basis of anterograde interference by tracking its impact as a function of time through a 24h period. We found that the memory of A biased performance in B for all time intervals. Conversely, learning from error was hindered up to 1h following acquisition of A, with release from interference occurring at 6h. These findings suggest that poor performance induced by prior learning is driven by two distinct mechanisms: a long-lasting bias that acts as a prior and hinders the initial level of performance, and a short-lasting learning impairment that originates from a reduction in error-sensitivity. Our work provides insight into the timeline of memory stabilization in visuomotor adaptation.

scholarly journals The Origins of Anterograde Interference in Visuomotor Adaptation

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 4000-4010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Lerner ◽  
Scott Albert ◽  
Pedro A Caffaro ◽  
Jorge I Villalta ◽  
Florencia Jacobacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Visuomotor Adaptation ◽  
Prior Learning ◽  
Learning Capacity ◽  
Conflicting Information ◽  
New Learning ◽  
Future Learning

Abstract Anterograde interference refers to the negative impact of prior learning on the propensity for future learning. There is currently no consensus on whether this phenomenon is transient or long lasting, with studies pointing to an effect in the time scale of hours to days. These inconsistencies might be caused by the method employed to quantify performance, which often confounds changes in learning rate and retention. Here, we aimed to unveil the time course of anterograde interference by tracking its impact on visuomotor adaptation at different intervals throughout a 24-h period. Our empirical and model-based approaches allowed us to measure the capacity for new learning separately from the influence of a previous memory. In agreement with previous reports, we found that prior learning persistently impaired the initial level of performance upon revisiting the task. However, despite this strong initial bias, learning capacity was impaired only when conflicting information was learned up to 1 h apart, recovering thereafter with passage of time. These findings suggest that when adapting to conflicting perturbations, impairments in performance are driven by two distinct mechanisms: a long-lasting bias that acts as a prior and hinders initial performance and a short-lasting anterograde interference that originates from a reduction in error sensitivity.

scholarly journals Time intervals and associated factors of emergency treatment: first insight into Pakistani system

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Noorani ◽  
Muhammad Khaliq ◽  
Maria Shoaib ◽  
Asfandyar Sheikh ◽  
Um-E-Roman Moughal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Treatment ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract P99: Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Stroke Thrombolysis Rate and Delay to Thrombolysis Treatment in a Regional Stroke Centre in London, UK

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Drumm ◽  
Paul Bentley ◽  
Zoe Brown ◽  
Lucio D’Anna ◽  
Tsering Dolkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arrival Time ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Stroke Thrombolysis ◽  
Prehospital Delays ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stroke Centre

Introduction: There are reports of changes in the numbers of stroke admissions and time intervals to receiving emergency treatments during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stroke thrombolysis rate and delay to thrombolysis treatment in a regional stroke centre in London, UK. Methods: COVID-19 testing began at our hospital on 3 March 2020. Clinical data for all acute stroke admissions were routinely collected as part of a national Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme (SSNAP) and all thrombolysis data were entered into our local thrombolysis database. We retrospectively extracted the relevant patient data for the period of March to May 2020 (COVID group) and compared to the same period in 2019 (pre-COVID group). Results: Compared with pre-COVID, there was a 17.5% fall in total stroke admissions (from 315 to 260) during COVID; but there were no significant differences in the demographics, stroke severity, proportions with known time of onset, or median onset-to-arrival time. The thrombolysis rates amongst ischemic strokes were not significantly different between the two groups (59/260=23% pre-COVID vs. 41/228=18% COVID, p=.19). For thrombolysis patients, their stroke severity and demographics were similar between the two both groups. Median onset-to-needle time was significantly longer by 22 minutes during COVID [127 (IQR 94-160) vs. 149 (IQR 110-124) minutes, p=.045]; this delay to treatment was almost entirely due to a longer median onset-to-arrival time by 16 minutes during COVID (p=.029). Favorable early neurological outcomes post-thrombolysis (defined as an improvement in NIHSS by ≥4 points at 24 hours) were similar (45% vs. 46%, p=.86). Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on prehospital delays which in turn significantly increased onset-to-needle time, but without affecting the chance of a favorable early neurological outcome. Our data highlight the need to maintain public awareness of taking immediate action when stroke symptoms occur during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Identify the Causes of Absenteeism in Nurses Mayo Hospital Lahore Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabila Kanwal ◽  
Ghazala Riaz ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Riaz ◽  
Shoumaila Safdar
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Job Dissatisfaction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Minor Ailments ◽  
Usual Pattern

Absenteeism is a usual pattern of absence from a duty or responsibility. Usually, absenteeism is considered as an indication of person poor performance. In this study a descriptive cross sectional study design was used. A close ended questionnaire was used as a research tool. Convenient sampling technique was used. Data was analyzed on SPSS 20 version. Nurses are absent from their duties because they suffer from minor ailments e.g. headache and backache? In response of this question, 42.5% responded said that they are strongly agreed, 17.5% were agreed, 8.8% were neutral, 21.3% were disagreed, and 10% were strongly agreed. Nurses do absent from their work because workload is too heavy, 42.5% were agreed, 30% were strongly agreed, 12.5% were neutral,7.5% were disagreed and 7.5% were also strongly disagreed. The lack of appropriate recognition and reward could lead to dissatisfaction and absenteeism among nurses, in response of this question nurses asked that they do absent 31.3% agreed, 41.3% strongly agreed, 15.0% are neutral, 12.5%are disagreed and 0% are strongly disagreed. Staff absenteeism is a growing management concern. It can contribute to sickness absence, staffing instability, work overload and job dissatisfaction that could have a negative impact on patient care. The rate of absenteeism can be reduced by productive management, and loyal leadership. It will not only reduce absenteeism rate but also improve quality of care toward the patients. In return of good performance nurses need appraisal.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 4, Issue-2: 110-114

Market Influence Analytics in a Digital Ecosystem

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Product Positioning ◽  
Careful Evaluation ◽  
Digital Ecosystem ◽  
New Business ◽  
Marketing Intelligence ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Viral Proliferation ◽  
Insight Into

The internet provides opportunities for marketing which extend from the micro level of electronic contacts to the macro level of new business opportunities. As the democratisation of consumer expression leads to a viral proliferation of information online, the new age communication ecosystem has prompted the need for a careful evaluation of the potential of what is being called Consumer Generated internet content, creating new challenges for Marketing Intelligence. These offerings of the Information age have garnered adequate potential to engineer business transformations. Consumer Generated Media (CGM) comprises the content generated by consumers within online venues such as Internet forums, Blogs, Wikis, discussion lists, etc. Leveraging CGM and channelizing it appropriately has become critical for organisations for understanding and managing market performance, product positioning, and driving brand reputations. The biggest challenge in front of organizations now is to harvest CGM to help marketers gain insight into the online market conversations taking place. Efforts are on by marketing in organizations to track the volume, origin, flow, and trajectory of the conversations in real time as they evolve, study the domain of Individual Internet Worth and map the scope, reach and influence of the same on topics that might have a positive or negative impact on a company’s products, promotions, and reputation.

scholarly journals Analisis Dampak Lalu Lintas Pembangunan Apartemen Hundred Residence Jl. Raya Gubeng Kota Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Sapto Adiputro ◽  
Rudy Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
Final Project ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Development Area ◽  
And Performance

The construction of Hundred Residence Apartment Jl. Raya Gubeng No. 102-106, Surabaya will provide an additional volume of traffic that burdens the streets around Jl. Raya Gubeng. Referring to these conditions, this final project research aims to explain about how the performance of the affected road for existing conditions, then due to the generation of Hundred Residence Apartments within the period of the plan and provide advice related to traffic management and engineering to minimize the occurrence of decreased service levels and performance intersections in the area around development. This thesis research uses quantitative and qualitative descriptive methods that refer to the 1997 Indonesian Road Capacity Manual (MKJI). From the results of the analysis it is concluded that the worst performance that ranks first is at the intersection of Jl. Pandegiling - Jl. Dinoyo - Jl. Keputran - Jl. Sulawesi. The existing conditions in 2019 have shown poor performance with the value of LOS E at peak hours in the afternoon and the average deviation delay value of 53.71 seconds / smp, then the analysis of conditions in the predicted year of 2026 shows a declining performance with LOS values F at the peak hour of the afternoon and the average intersection delay value of 178.92 seconds / junior high. This should be a concern so that later the existence of apartments does not add a negative impact on the performance of traffic around the development area. For this reason, traffic management and engineering needs to be done both inside and outside the apartment area to anticipate problems that are expected to emerge.

scholarly journals Electrical Implications of Corrosion for Osseointegration of Titanium Implants

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 1389-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Gittens ◽  
R. Olivares-Navarrete ◽  
R. Tannenbaum ◽  
B.D. Boyan ◽  
Z. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Aqueous Corrosion ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Stimulation Of

The success rate of titanium implants for dental and orthopedic applications depends on the ability of surrounding bone tissue to integrate with the surface of the device, and it remains far from ideal in patients with bone compromised by physiological factors. The electrical properties and electrical stimulation of bone have been shown to control its growth and healing and can enhance osseointegration. Bone cells are also sensitive to the chemical products generated during corrosion events, but less is known about how the electrical signals associated with corrosion might affect osseointegration. The metallic nature of the materials used for implant applications and the corrosive environments found in the human body, in combination with the continuous and cyclic loads to which these implants are exposed, may lead to corrosion and its corresponding electrochemical products. The abnormal electrical currents produced during corrosion can convert any metallic implant into an electrode, and the negative impact on the surrounding tissue due to these extreme signals could be an additional cause of poor performance and rejection of implants. Here, we review basic aspects of the electrical properties and electrical stimulation of bone, as well as fundamental concepts of aqueous corrosion and its electrical and clinical implications.

Carousel fraud in terms of price manipulation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecília Olexová ◽  
Milan Husťák ◽  
František Sudzina
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Cases ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Price Manipulation ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
Tax Fraud ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effects of carousel fraud on the average price of goods, as one of the negative economic aspects of carousel fraud. Design/methodology/approach This paper is primarily based on the description of selected legal cases and the modus operandi of carousel fraud, the analysis of legal texts (legislation and judgments of courts) and the discussion, from the point of view of price manipulation. Findings The results of the analysis specify the negative impact of carousel fraud in the form of the distortion of reported average prices and suggest that the authorities should monitor usual or fair prices to detect cases where there is a risk of carousel fraud. Originality/value This paper brings new insight into the issue of carousel frauds by understanding the principle of carousel fraud, the motives for it, and the possibilities for detecting this type of tax fraud, which is necessary to prevent tax evasion and to preserve a state’s income.

The Pen and the Spade: Gerrard Winstanley and the Digger Movement

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Colwell
Keyword(s):  
Civil Wars ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Great Insight ◽  
English Society ◽  
Communal Living ◽  
Religious Sects ◽  
Gerrard Winstanley ◽  
Insight Into

In the wake of the English Civil Wars of the 1640s, increased religious tolerance gave rise to unprecedented religious radicalism. While most emerging religious sects adopted unorthodoxinterpretations of the Bible, some sects were more radical than others. The Diggers, led by Gerrard Winstanley, were unique in that their biblically inspired focus on private property’s inherent corruption drove them to establish an agricultural commune in Surrey in 1649. By setting an example for the rest of the world and encouraging others to adopt their methods, they hoped to ultimately restore the Earth to a state of ‘Common Treasury.’ Drawing on scriptural precedent and personal interpretation of the Bible, Winstanley offered an eloquent, politically charged justification for the Diggers’ program of communal living in The True Levellers Standard (1649), which became the Digger manifesto. It pointedly critiquedseventeenth-century English society, had both a positive and negative impact on the Diggers’ reception at the time, and survived the movement’s violent suppression and subsequent collapse. Today, it continues to offer great insight into the origins, development and fate of the Digger movement, while at the same time inspiring modern scholars to delve deeper into the movement’s significance, and raising questions about property and equality that remain highly relevant in this day and age. 

The Digitalization in the COVID-19 Era

2022 ◽  
pp. 284-304
Author(s):  
Inès Gharbi ◽  
Yomna Daoud ◽  
Aïda Kammoun
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Digital Processes ◽  
Insight Into

In December 2019, a new viral pneumonia called COVID-19 appeared in Wuhan, China causing a health crisis that then turned into an economic and social crisis. Since then, entire sectors of the economy have been slowing down, forcing them to integrate innovative digital processes to mitigate the negative impact of this crisis. In this regard, the purpose of the chapter is to initiate a reflection on digitization processes based on a review of the literature to help explain the concept. This work allowed spotlighting the existing research on digitalization through practical case studies in business, education, and health systems, and how organizations perceive digitalization during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors analyze how digital platforms can increase the survival rate of businesses in times of crisis and ensure the continuity of customers' access to the various goods and services. The purpose behind this is to serve as a basis for further empirical research for academics and improve the knowledge base by providing insight into the efforts of the sectors studied.

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