scholarly journals Phenotyping and molecular marker analysis of WH1105 and Kharchia 65 backcrosses and F4progenies for salinity tolerance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha ◽  
Shikha Yashveer ◽  
Vikram Singh ◽  
Swati Pratap
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Salt Stress Condition ◽  
Initial Salt ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Molecular Marker Analysis

ABSTRACTSoil salinity is a worldwide adverse environmental factor for crop productivity and quality in arid, semiarid and coastal areas. In India, approximately 8.5 million hectare of land area is affected by high salinity (EC ≥ 5 dS m−1). Development of salinity tolerant varieties through marker assisted breeding is most efficient and effective strategy for management of soil salinity. WH 1105 is widely cultivated wheat variety with many agronomically superior qualities but is affected by soil salinity. Two genes (Nax1andNax2) for salinity tolerance were introgressed from Kharchia 65 into the genetic background of WH 1105 through marker assisted backcross breeding. BC1F3, BC2F2and F4generations of the cross WH1105 x Kharchia 65 were evaluated for various morphological traits under initial salt stress condition. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic variations 44 high yielding plants were selected from the cross. Out of 178 SSRs tested, 30 were found polymorphic for background selection of the foreground selected plants. Cluster tree analysis of parents and all the three generations showed that all the selected plants were inclined toward recurrent parent (WH 1105) indicating higher similarity with the recurrent parent. Four plants were selected as high grain yielding and salt tolerant. These plants could be further backcrossed with the recurrent parent to develop salt tolerant wheat lines.

Differential Response of Wheat and Barley Genotypes to Substrate-induced Salinity under North Indian Conditions

1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Prabhakaran Nair ◽  
N. C. Khulbe
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Differential Response ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Plant System ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Barley Genotypes

SUMMARYTen wheat and six barley genotypes were tested for their response to soil salinity regimes varying from 0 to 16 mmhos cm−1. Barley showed remarkable resistance to salt stress, linked to its capability to resist efflux of potassium ions from the plant system. Both crops showed substantial yield reductions at 12 mmhos cm−1, but barley still outyielded wheat by over 50%. There were significant interactions between salinity levels and genotypes in wheat but not in barley.The wheat variety Sonalika showed poor salt tolerance. The implications of these findings in breeding salt-tolerant varieties are discussed.

scholarly journals High-Throughput Sequencing-Based Identification of miRNAs and Their Target mRNAs in Wheat Variety Qing Mai 6 Under Salt Stress Condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan He ◽  
Zhen Han ◽  
Huayan Yin ◽  
Fan Chen ◽  
Yihuan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Salt Stress Condition ◽  
Target Mrnas

Soil salinization is one of the major abiotic stresses that adversely affect the yield and quality of crops such as wheat, a leading cereal crop worldwide. Excavating the salt-tolerant genes and exploring the salt tolerance mechanism can help breeding salt-tolerant wheat varieties. Thus, it is essential to identify salt-tolerant wheat germplasm resources. In this study, we carried out a salt stress experiment using Qing Mai 6 (QM6), a salt-tolerant wheat variety, and sequenced the miRNAs and mRNAs. The differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in salt stress conditions were compared with the control. As results, a total of eight salt-tolerance-related miRNAs and their corresponding 11 target mRNAs were identified. Further analysis revealed that QM6 enhances salt tolerance through increasing the expression level of genes related to stress resistance, antioxidation, nutrient absorption, and lipid metabolism balance, and the expression of these genes was regulated by the identified miRNAs. The resulting data provides a theoretical basis for future research studies on miRNAs and novel genes related to salt tolerance in wheat in order to develop genetically improved salt-tolerant wheat varieties.

Application of SSR Technique for the Identification of Markers Linked to Salinity Tolerance in Rice

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
MH Kabir ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
SN Begum ◽  
AC Manidas
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Phenotypic Screening ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Marker Assisted Breeding ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Rice Landrace ◽  
Salt Susceptible

A cross was made between high yielding salt susceptible BINA variety (Binadhan-5) with salt tolerant rice landrace (Harkuch) to identify salt tolerant rice lines. Thirty six F3 rice lines of Binadhan-5 x Harkuch were tested for salinity tolerance at the seedling stage in hydroponic system using nutrient solution. In F3 population, six lines were found as salt tolerant and 10 lines were moderately tolerant based on phenotypic screening at the seedling stage. Twelve SSR markers were used for parental survey and among them three polymorphic SSR markers viz., OSR34, RM443 and RM169 were selected to evaluate 26 F3 rice lines for salt tolerance. With respect to marker OSR34, 15 lines were identified as salt tolerant, 9 lines were susceptible and 2 lines were heterozygous. While RM443 identified 3 tolerant, 14 susceptible and 9 heterozygous rice lines. Eight tolerant, 11 susceptible and 7 heterozygous lines were identified with the marker RM169. Thus the tested markers could be efficiently used for tagging salt tolerant genes in marker-assisted breeding programme.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i2.16929 Progress. Agric. 19(2): 57 - 65, 2008

scholarly journals Evaluation of salinity tolerance indices in North African barley accessions at reproductive stage

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorsaf Allel ◽  
Anis BenAmar ◽  
Mounawer Badri ◽  
Chedly Abdelly
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
North African ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Selection Indices

Soil salinity is one of the main factors limiting cereal productivity in worldwide agriculture. Exploitation of natural variation in local barley germplasm is an effective approach to overcome yield losses. Three gene pools of North African Hordeum vulgare L. grown in Tunisia, Algeria and Egypt were evaluated at the reproductive stage under control and saline conditions. Assessment of stress tolerance was monitored using morphological, yield-related traits and phenological parameters of reproductive organs showing significant genetic variation. High heritability and positive relationships were found suggesting that some traits associated with salt tolerance could be used as selection criteria. The phenotypic correlations revealed that vegetative traits including shoot biomass, tiller number and leaf number along with yield-related traits such as spike number, one spike dry weight, grain number/plant and grain number/spike were highly positively correlated with grain yield under saline conditions. Hence, these traits can be used as reliable selection criteria to improve barley grain yield. Keeping a higher shoot biomass and longer heading and maturity periods as well as privileged filling ability might contribute to higher grain production in barley and thus could be potential target traits in barley crop breeding toward improvement of salinity tolerance. Multiple selection indices revealed that salt tolerance trait index provided a better discrimination of barley landraces allowing selection of highly salt-tolerant and highly productive genotypes under severe salinity level. Effective evaluation of salt tolerance requires an integration of selection indices to successfully identify and characterize salt tolerant lines required for valuable exploitation in the management of salt-affected areas.  

scholarly journals Early Growth Stage Characterization and the Biochemical Responses for Salinity Stress in Tomato

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 712
Author(s):  
Md Sarowar Alam ◽  
Mark Tester ◽  
Gabriele Fiene ◽  
Magdi Ali Ahmed Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Biochemical Basis ◽  
Elevated Salinity ◽  
Tolerance Indices ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

Salinity is one of the most significant environmental stresses for sustainable crop production in major arable lands of the globe. Thus, we conducted experiments with 27 tomato genotypes to screen for salinity tolerance at seedling stage, which were treated with non-salinized (S1) control (18.2 mM NaCl) and salinized (S2) (200 mM NaCl) irrigation water. In all genotypes, the elevated salinity treatment contributed to a major depression in morphological and physiological characteristics; however, a smaller decrease was found in certain tolerant genotypes. Principal component analyses (PCA) and clustering with percentage reduction in growth parameters and different salt tolerance indices classified the tomato accessions into five key clusters. In particular, the tolerant genotypes were assembled into one cluster. The growth and tolerance indices PCA also showed the order of salt-tolerance of the studied genotypes, where Saniora was the most tolerant genotype and P.Guyu was the most susceptible genotype. To investigate the possible biochemical basis for salt stress tolerance, we further characterized six tomato genotypes with varying levels of salinity tolerance. A higher increase in proline content, and antioxidants activities were observed for the salt-tolerant genotypes in comparison to the susceptible genotypes. Salt-tolerant genotypes identified in this work herald a promising source in the tomato improvement program or for grafting as scions with improved salinity tolerance in tomato.

scholarly journals Screening of Salt Tolerant CIP Potato Germplasm for Saline Areas

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Rahman ◽  
MM Alam Patwary ◽  
H Barua ◽  
M Hossain ◽  
MM Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
International Potato ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Potato Germplasm ◽  
High Level

Fifteen salt tolerant CIP (International Potato Centre) Potato genotypes along with BARI (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) Alu 7 (Diamant) and one local variety viz., Dohazari Sada were evaluated at Bashkhali, Chittagong during 2011-12 to screen the suitable genotypes for cultivation in saline areas of Bangladesh. Diamant and Dohazari Sada and all of the CIP genotypes were found to grow well up to 60 DAP (Days After Planting) at saline areas having healthy plants and no senescence was noticed but after that 61-100% plants died due to high level of soil salinity (6.41dS/m) depending on genotypes. Genotype CIP 112 gave the highest yield (21.07 t/ha) and CIP 102 was comparatively less affected by soil salinity than the other genotypes. However, all the salt tolerant CIP genotypes were found to be promising in the saline soil. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i1.15249 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(1) 95-102

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis of bread wheat leaves in response to salt stress

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254189
Author(s):  
Nazanin Amirbakhtiar ◽  
Ahmad Ismaili ◽  
Mohammad-Reza Ghaffari ◽  
Raheleh Mirdar Mansuri ◽  
Sepideh Sanjari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Wheat Leaves

Salinity is one of the main abiotic stresses limiting crop productivity. In the current study, the transcriptome of wheat leaves in an Iranian salt-tolerant cultivar (Arg) was investigated in response to salinity stress to identify salinity stress-responsive genes and mechanisms. More than 114 million reads were generated from leaf tissues by the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. An amount of 81.9% to 85.7% of reads could be mapped to the wheat reference genome for different samples. The data analysis led to the identification of 98819 genes, including 26700 novel transcripts. A total of 4290 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were recognized, comprising 2346 up-regulated genes and 1944 down-regulated genes. Clustering of the DEGs utilizing Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) indicated that transcripts associated with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, transporters, transcription factors, hormone signal transduction, glycosyltransferases, exosome, and MAPK signaling might be involved in salt tolerance. The expression patterns of nine DEGs were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR in Arg and Moghan3 as the salt-tolerant and susceptible cultivars, respectively. The obtained results were consistent with changes in transcript abundance found by RNA-sequencing in the tolerant cultivar. The results presented here could be utilized for salt tolerance enhancement in wheat through genetic engineering or molecular breeding.

scholarly journals Rapid in vitro selection of salt-tolerant genotypes of the potentially medicinal plant Centaurium maritimum (L.) fritsch

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Misic ◽  
B. Siler ◽  
Biljana Filipovic ◽  
Zorica Popovic ◽  
Suzana Zivkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Growth Phases ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Variable Response ◽  
Selection Of

We investigated differences of salinity tolerance between 'salt-tolerant' (ST) and 'salt-sensitive' (SS) genotypes of yellow centaury [Centaurium maritimum (L.) Fritsch] selected during the germination phase. The ability of in vitro cultured C. maritimum to complete the whole ontogenetic cycle in less than 6 months enabled us to deterine salinity tolerance during different growth phases. Based on the physiological attributes measured in this study (growth, morphogenesis, photosynthesis, flowering, seed germination), it can be concluded that C. maritimum genotypes differing in salinity tolerance showed a variable response to elevated salt concentrations during both the vegetative and the generative growth phase.

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