scholarly journals First record of the endophytic bacteria of Deschampsia antarctica E. Desv. from two distant localities of the maritime Antarctica

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Podolich ◽  
I. Parnikoza ◽  
T. Voznyuk ◽  
G. Zubova ◽  
I. Zaets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
First Record ◽  
Deschampsia Antarctica ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctica ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

AbstractThe vascular plant Deschampsia antarctica samples were collected for endophytic bacteria study from two regions in the maritime Antarctic 400 km distant from one another: Point Thomas oasis (King George Island) and Argentine Islands (Galindez Island). The endophytes were isolated from roots and leaves of D. antarctica, cultivated and identified by using a partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene served as a phylomarker. Endophyte isolates from two sites of Galindez Island were represented mainly by Pseudomonas species and by Gammaproteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. The vast majority of the isolates had specific for endophytes cellulase and pectinase activities, however, Bacillus spp. did not express both activities. A group-specific PCR screening at the four sites of Galindez Island and two sites of King George Island, indicated Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, Cytophaga-Flavobacteria and Actinobacteria. Notably, the number of endophytic bacteria taxa was significantly larger in leaves than in roots of plants.

scholarly journals First record of the endophytic bacteria of Deschampsia antarctica Ė. Desv. from two distant localities of the maritime Antarctic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-153
Author(s):  
Olga Podolich ◽  
Ievgeniia Prekrasna ◽  
Ivan Parnikoza ◽  
Tamara Voznyuk ◽  
Ganna Zubova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Deschampsia Antarctica ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctic ◽  
Organic Input

Endophytic bacteria, recognized for their beneficial effects on plant development and adaptation, can facilitate the survival of Antarctic plants in severe environments. Here we studied endophytes of the vascular plant Deschampsia antarctica Ė. Desv. from two distantly located regions in the maritime Antarctic: King George Island (South Shetland Islands) and Galindez Island (Argentine Islands). Bacterial group-specific PCR indicated presence of Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, Cytophaga-Flavobacteria and Actinobacteria in root and leaf endosphere of D. antarctica sampled at four distinct sites of both locations. The diversity of endophytic bacteria was significantly higher in the leaves compared to the roots in plants from Galindez Island. Similarly, the diversity of endophytes was higher in the leaves rather than roots of plants from the King George Island. Twelve bacterial species were isolated from roots of D. antarctica of Galindez Island (the Karpaty Ridge and the Meteo Point) and identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Isolates were dominated by the Pseudomonas genus, followed by the genera Bacillus and Micrococcus. The vast majority of the isolates exhibited cellulase and pectinase activities, however, Bacillus spp. expressed neither of them, suggesting lack of genetic flow of these traits in endophytic bacilli in the maritime Antarctic. Pseudomonas sp. IMBG305 promoted an increase in the leaf number in most of the treated plant genotypes when compared with non-inoculated plants, and a rapid vegetation period of D. antarctica cultured in vitro, albeit the length of leaves in the treated plants was significantly lower, and flavonoid content leveled off in all treated plants. D. antarctica is known to develop diverse ecotypes with regard to ecological conditions, such as organic input, moisture or wind exposition. The D. antarctica phenotype could be extended further through the endophyte colonization, since phenotypic changes were observed in the inoculated D. antarcticaplants grown in vitro in our study. Herewith, endophytes can contribute to plant phenotypic plasticity, potentially beneficial for adaptation of D. antarctica.

scholarly journals Trichocera maculipennis (Diptera)—an invasive species in Maritime Antarctica

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Potocka ◽  
Ewa Krzemińska
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
First Record ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctica ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
South Shetlands

Antarctica, with its severe conditions, is poor in terrestrial fauna species. However, an increase in human presence together with climate change may cause an influx of non-native species. Here we report a significant increase in colonized area of one of the few known invasive species to date in Antarctica. Non-native flies of Trichocera maculipennis have been recently observed in the Admiralty Bay area on King George Island, South Shetlands Islands, West Antarctica, 10 years after its first record in Maritime Antarctica (Maxwell Bay, King George Island). Its rapid spread across the island, despite geographic barriers such as glaciers, indicates successful adaptation to local environmental conditions and suggests this species is invasive. The mode of life of T. maculipennis, observed in natural and anthropogenous habitat and in laboratory conditions, is reported. The following adaptations enabled its invasion and existence within the sewage system in Antarctic scientific stations: the ability to survive in complete darkness, male ability to mate on the substrate surface without prior swarming in flight, and adaptation of terrestrial larvae to survive in semi-liquid food. Possible routes of introduction to Antarctica and between two bays on King George Island are discussed, as well as further research leading to the containment and eradication of this species.

scholarly journals Spatial variability models of CO2 emissions from soils colonized by grass (Deschampsia antarctica) and moss (Sanionia uncinata) in Admiralty Bay, King George Island

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo de Sá Mendonça ◽  
Newton La Scala ◽  
Alan Rodrigo Panosso ◽  
Felipe N.B. Simas ◽  
Carlos E.G.R. Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Carbon Cycling ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Deschampsia Antarctica ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctica ◽  
Admiralty Bay ◽  
Sanionia Uncinata

AbstractSoil CO2 emission is an important part of the terrestrial carbon cycling and is influenced by several factors, such as type and distribution of vegetation. In this work we evaluated the spatial variability of soil CO2 emission in terrestrial ecosystems of maritime Antarctica, under two contrasting vegetation covers: 1) grass areas of Deschampsia antarctica Desv., and 2) moss carpets of Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske. Highest mean emission was obtained for the Deschampsia (4.13 μmol m-2 s-1) developed on organic-rich soil with a strong penguin influence. The overall results indicate that soil temperature is not directly related to the spatial pattern of soil CO2 emission at the sites studied. Emission adjusted models were Gaussian and exponential with ranges varying from 1.3 to 2.8 m, depending on the studied site and vegetation cover.

scholarly journals Detection of Legionellae in Hospital Water Samples by Quantitative Real-Time LightCycler PCR

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 3985-3993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nele Wellinghausen ◽  
Cathrin Frost ◽  
Reinhard Marre
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

ABSTRACT Contamination of hospital water systems with legionellae is a well-known cause of nosocomial legionellosis. We describe a new real-time LightCycler PCR assay for quantitative determination of legionellae in potable water samples. Primers that amplify both a 386-bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene from Legionellaspp. and a specifically cloned fragment of the phage lambda, added to each sample as an internal inhibitor control, were used. The amplified products were detected by use of a dual-color hybridization probe assay design and quantified with external standards composed ofLegionella pneumophila genomic DNA. The PCR assay had a sensitivity of 1 fg of Legionella DNA (i.e., less than one Legionella organism) per assay and detected 44Legionella species and serogroups. Seventy-seven water samples from three hospitals were investigated by PCR and culture. The rates of detection of legionellae were 98.7% (76 of 77) by the PCR assay and 70.1% (54 of 77) by culture; PCR inhibitors were detected in one sample. The amounts of legionellae calculated from the PCR results were associated with the CFU detected by culture (r= 0.57; P < 0.001), but PCR results were mostly higher than the culture results. Since L. pneumophila is the main cause of legionellosis, we further developed a quantitativeL. pneumophila-specific PCR assay targeting the macrophage infectivity potentiator (mip) gene, which codes for an immunophilin of the FK506 binding protein family. All but one of the 16S rRNA gene PCR-positive water samples were also positive in the mip gene PCR, and the results of the two PCR assays were correlated. In conclusion, the newly developedLegionella genus-specific and L. pneumophila species-specific PCR assays proved to be valuable tools for investigation of Legionella contamination in potable water systems.

scholarly journals Analysis of the 16S rRNA Gene Sequence of Anaplasma centrale and Its Phylogenetic Relatedness to Other Ehrlichiae

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Inokuma ◽  
Yutaka Terada ◽  
Tugihiko Kamio ◽  
Didier Raoult ◽  
Philippe Brouqui
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Distance Analysis ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Anaplasma Centrale ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

ABSTRACT The nucleotide sequence of the Anaplasma centrale 16S rRNA gene was determined and compared with the sequences of ehrlichial bacteria. The sequence of A. centrale was closely related to Anaplasma marginale by both level-of-similarity (98.08% identical) and distance analysis. A species-specific PCR was developed based upon the alignment data. The PCR can detect A. centrale DNA extracted from 10 infected bovine red blood cells in a reaction mixture. A. centrale DNA was amplified in the reaction, but not other related ehrlichial species.

Archaeal diversity in permafrost deposits of Bunger Hills Oasis and King George Island (Antarctica) according to the 16S rRNA gene sequencing

Microbiology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Karaevskaya ◽  
L. S. Demchenko ◽  
N. E. Demidov ◽  
E. M. Rivkina ◽  
S. A. Bulat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Archaeal Diversity ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

scholarly journals First Record of Juncaceicola as Endophytic Fungi Associated with Deschampsia antarctica Desv.

Diversity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme de Andrade ◽  
Ehidy Cañón ◽  
Rodrigo Alves ◽  
Daniela Schmitz ◽  
Adriano Schünemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Deschampsia Antarctica ◽  
Maritime Antarctica ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
A New Species

In the current study, we present the molecular characterization of an endophyte fungus associated with the leaves of Deschampsia antarctica Desv. (Poaceae), a monocot species native to Antarctica. The isolate was obtained from 90 leaf fragments from two distinct collection sites, both located on Half Moon Island, South Shetland Islands and Maritime Antarctica. The internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) was sequenced and the endophytic fungus was identified as belonging to the genus Juncaceicola Tennakoon, Camporesi, Phook and K.D. Hyde (99% nucleotide sequence identity). When compared to all fungi of the genus Juncaceicola deposited in data base, our isolate showed greater proximity with Juncaceicola typharum, however, because it presents a low bootstrap value to be considered a new species, we treat it as Juncaceicola cf. typharum. Moreover, the identification of our isolate as belonging to the genus Juncaceicola makes this the first occurrence of a species of this genus to be associated with the leaves of Antarctic plants. This work is considered as a starting point for other studies with fungi of this genus associated with leaves of Deschampsia antarctica, as it presents results from two collection points on a single Antarctic island, suggesting that new sites and new Antarctic islands should be explored.

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