scholarly journals Field validation of an eDNA assay for the endangered white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhán Atkinson ◽  
Jeanette E.L. Carlsson ◽  
Bernard Ball ◽  
Mary Kelly-Quinn ◽  
Jens Carlsson
Keyword(s):  
Coi Gene ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Austropotamobius Pallipes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Lotic System ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
A Minor ◽  
It Knowledge ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase

AbstractThe white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes has undergone extensive declines within its native range in the last century. Because of its threatened status, European legislation requires the species to be regularly monitored and that Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) be designated for it. Knowledge on the distribution of this species is vital for addressing these needs. This study presents an environmental (e)DNA assay to detect A. pallipes in water samples, based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene, utilizing species-specific primers, a minor groove binding (MGB) probe and quantitative PCR. The results of this study indicate that eDNA is an effective tool for detecting A. pallipes in a lotic system, and could provide a valuable, non-invasive method for determining the distribution of this species.

scholarly journals A quantitative PCR based environmental DNA assay for detecting Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhán Atkinson ◽  
Jeannette E.L. Carlsson ◽  
Bernard Ball ◽  
Damian Egan ◽  
Mary Kelly-Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
List Type ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
A Minor

AbstractThe Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) has worldwide ecological, cultural and economic importance. The species has undergone extensive decline across its native range, yet concerns have been raised about its invasive potential in the Pacific. Knowledge on the distribution of this species is vital for addressing conservation goals.This study presents an eDNA assay to detect S. salar in water samples, using quantitative PCR (qPCR) technology. Species-specific primers and a minor groove binding (MGB) probe were designed for the assay, based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene.The results of this study indicate that eDNA is a highly sensitive tool for detecting S. salar in situ, and could potentially provide an alternative, non-invasive method for determining the distribution of this species.

scholarly journals Development of species-specific Cichla species eDNA primers for alien invasive species (AIS) monitoring in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Nurul Fizatul Nabilah ◽  
A. R. Ramizah ◽  
A. B. Adibah ◽  
S. Syazwan ◽  
A.G. Intan Faraha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Alien Invasive Species ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Invasive Fishes ◽  
Specific Amplification ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
High Level

Peacock bass or the cichlids are known locally as top predator fishes which are invasive in Malaysia freshwater system. Detection probabilities for these fishes are typically low, especially using conventional capture-survey method due to the fish’s behaviour of hiding beneath the water’s surface. Hence, the environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring is a relatively new approach that can be used to assess the distribution of these invasive fishes. Here, we report the strategy to develop small fragment (280- 400 bp) specific-specific primers for three selected invasive Cichla species namely, C. ocellaris, C. monoculus, and C. kelberi based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences. Current research showed that the developed species-specific primers from cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene has high resolution at species level. Species-specific amplification tests also proved the specificity of the developed primers, securing the high- level species identification potential which may help in controlling the spread of alien invasive fish species.

scholarly journals Role of Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) Maggot Crop Contents in Identifying Unknown Cadavers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab Mohammad ◽  
Reem Alajmi ◽  
Mohammed Alkuriji ◽  
Dina Metwally ◽  
Walid Kaakeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit ◽  
Chrysomya Albiceps ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase

Abstract Forensic entomology focuses on the analysis of insect larvae present at crime scenes to help identify unknown cadavers. Carrion-feeding maggots store food in a crop located at the anterior end of the gut. DNA recovered from the crop can be amplified, sequenced, and identified to determine the origin of the food. This information could help investigators to identify a missing victim if maggots are discovered at a crime scene in the absence of a corpse. Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) and Musca domestica (Linnaeus) are primary forensic species. Little or no information on the identification of unknown cadavers using C. albiceps and M. domestica larvae is available, and we aimed to compare the effectiveness of using the crop contents of instars of C. albiceps and M. domestica larvae to identify corpses at different time intervals. Two hundred and forty larvae of both species were reared on rat and/or mouse liver, and DNA from crop contents was extracted after different time intervals from different instar larvae. DNA was amplified using specific primers that match the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mt COI) gene of the food source. Results showed that food provided to larvae affected life span and the ability to be used to identify unknown cadavers. Chrysomya albiceps larvae proved more useful than M. domestica larvae. Moreover, crop contents of third instar larvae of both species fed for 24 h are more useful than contents from other time intervals in identifying unknown tissues. Results are promising and may help investigators to identify unknown/missing victims.

scholarly journals Development of species-specific marker and molecular diversity of Conogethes punctiferalis and Conogethes sahyadriensis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-279
Author(s):  
V. Kammar ◽  
◽  
D. Sagar ◽  
R.K. Chandel ◽  
P.R. Shashank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Fragment Size ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase

Aim: The aim of this study was to develop species specific marker for quick identification of two Conogethes species and to study their molecular diversity. Methodology: Species-specific markers were developed using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI) partial gene sequences of Conogethes punctiferalis and C. sahyadriensis and they were validated. Phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA X program, tree robustness was evaluated by bootstrapping with 1000 replicates with all sequences of C. punctiferalis and C. sahyadriensis. Results: Bioinformatic analysis of C. punctiferalis and C. sahyadriensis COI sequences revealed that they have sufficient genetic variability to develop species specific marker. The COI based species-specific markers amplified an expected fragment size of 333 bp for C. punctiferalis and 522 bp for C. sahyadriensis, which clearly differentiate these two species. Interpretation: The species specific marker developed in this study will be useful in quick identification of C. punctiferalis and C. sahyadriensis. The use of COI gene as a marker can provide a better estimate of genetic diversity, as it is maternally inherited and can be helpful to understand evolutionary processes. Key words: Conogethes punctiferalis, C. sahyadriensis, MtCOI, Molecular diversity, Species-specific marker

A new method to discriminate the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) from the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) using species-specific primers in multiplex PCR

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 1832-1835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Tessier ◽  
Sarah Noël ◽  
François-Joseph Lapointe
Keyword(s):  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Peromyscus Leucopus ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Mitochondrial Region ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
White Footed Mouse

Morphometric measurements or biochemical methods are often required to differentiate deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus (Wagner, 1845), from white-footed mice, Peromyscus leucopus (Rafinesque, 1818), particularly when they are found in sympatry. However, these approaches cannot easily be applied to juveniles, or to degraded or ancient museum specimens. In this paper, we propose a rapid and non-invasive molecular approach to discriminate these cryptic species from one another. This technique relies on species-specific primers designed in the COIII mitochondrial region to amplify fragments of different lengths in each species. The method developed proved useful for the identification of ethanol-preserved, frozen, degraded, or dry museum specimens.

Malfunctional Reorganization in the Developing Limbo-Prefrontal System in Animals: Implications for Human Psychoses?

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Gertraud Teuchert-Noodt ◽  
Ralf R. Dawirs
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Activity Dependent

Abstract: Neuroplasticity research in connection with mental disorders has recently bridged the gap between basic neurobiology and applied neuropsychology. A non-invasive method in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculus) - the restricted versus enriched breading and the systemically applied single methamphetamine dose - offers an experimental approach to investigate psychoses. Acts of intervening affirm an activity dependent malfunctional reorganization in the prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and reveal the dopamine position as being critical for the disruption of interactions between the areas concerned. From the extent of plasticity effects the probability and risk of psycho-cognitive development may be derived. Advance may be expected from insights into regulatory mechanisms of neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus which is obviously to meet the necessary requirements to promote psycho-cognitive functions/malfunctions via the limbo-prefrontal circuit.

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