scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of oral drug delivery, a pH – sensitive silver nanocomposite based on sodium alginate extracted from Sargassum asperifolium collected from Jazan coasts, KSA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimah. A. Agili ◽  
Sahera. F. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
X Ray

AbstractThe pH-sensitive nanocomposite composed of sodium alginate/ Pectin/ Tannic acid – silver SA/Pec/TA-Ag was prepared using microwave irradiation and employed as a carrier for Propranolol drug. Physico-chemical characteristics of the prepared systems using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM), Dynamic light Scattering instrument (DLS), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX). The percentage drug release was 96% at pH 7.4 within 420 min. The drug release data was fitted into different kinetic models included zero order, First order, Higuchi and Ritger-Peppas model. The release mechanism is non-Fickian character where it controlled by diffusion and relaxation of polymer chains. It can be concluded that SA/Pec/TA-Ag nanocomposite is candidate for the oral drug carrier specific for intestinal system and has stability against gastric fluid.

Physicochemical characterization and release properties of oral drug delivery: A pH-sensitive nanocomposite based on sodium alginate–pectin–tannic acid–silver

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 598-608
Author(s):  
Fatimah A Agili ◽  
Sahera FM Aly
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Diffraction Field ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
X Ray

A pH-sensitive nanocomposite formed from sodium alginate (SA)/pectin (Pec)/tannic acid (TA)–silver (Ag) was developed using microwave irradiation and it was applied as a carrier for propranolol drug. TA acts as a cross-linker and a reducing agent for Ag ions. Physicochemical characteristics of the fabricated system using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscope, high-resolution transmission electron microscope, dynamic light scattering instrument, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The swelling percent and the drug release were observed to be pH-sensitive. The occurrence of Ag nanoparticles in the network enhances the drug release that is 96% at pH 7.4 within 420 min. The drug release data were adjusted into different kinetic models involved zero order, first order, Higuchi, and Ritger–Peppas models. The release mechanism is a non-Fickian character where it controls by diffusion and relaxation of polymer chains. It can be concluded that SA/Pec/TA-Ag nanocomposite is a candidate for the oral drug carrier specific for the intestinal system and has ability against the gastric fluid.

Facile Synthesis of Chitosan Based-(AMPS-co-AA) Semi-IPNs as a Potential Drug Carrier: Enzymatic Degradation, Cytotoxicity, and Preliminary Safety Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaleem Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Sohail ◽  
Abdul Mannan ◽  
Haroon Rashid ◽  
Aamna Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Specific Enzyme ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

Objective: The study describes the development of chitosan-based (AMPS-co-AA) semi-IPN hydrogels using free radical polymerization technique. Methods: The resulting hydrogels were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The successful crosslinking of chitosan, 2- Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid (AMPS), and Acrylic Acid (AA) was confirmed by FT IR. Unloaded and drug-loaded hydrogels exhibited higher thermal stability after crosslinking compared to the individual components. XRD confirmed the decrease in crystallinity after hydrogel formation and molecular dispersion of Oxaliplatin (OXP) in the polymeric network. SEM showed rough, vague and nebulous surface resulting from crosslinking and loading of OXP. Results: The experimental results revealed that swelling and drug release were influenced by the pH of the medium being low at acidic pH and higher at basic pH. Increasing the concentration of chitosan and AA enhanced the swelling, drug loading and drug release while AMPS was found to act inversely. Conclusion: It was confirmed that the hydrogels were degraded more by specific enzyme lysozyme as compared to the non-specific enzyme collagenase. In-vitro cytotoxicity suggested that the unloaded hydrogels were non-cytotoxic while crude drug and drug-loaded hydrogel exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against HCT-116 and MCF-7. Results of acute oral toxicity on rabbits demonstrated that the hydrogels are non-toxic up to 3900 mg/kg after oral administration, as no toxicity or histopathological changes were observed in comparison to control rabbits. These pH-sensitive hydrogels appear to provide an ideal basis as a safe carrier for oral drug delivery.

scholarly journals Optimization of Carboxymethyl-Xyloglucan-Based Tramadol Matrix Tablets Using Simplex Centroid Mixture Design

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ashwini R. Madgulkar ◽  
Mangesh R. Bhalekar ◽  
Rahul R. Padalkar ◽  
Mohseen Y. Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables

The aim was to determine the release-modifying effect of carboxymethyl xyloglucan for oral drug delivery. Sustained release matrix tablets of tramadol HCl were prepared by wet granulation method using carboxymethyl xyloglucan as matrix forming polymer. HPMC K100M was used in a small amount to control the burst effect which is most commonly seen with natural hydrophilic polymers. A simplex centroid design with three independent variables and two dependent variables was employed to systematically optimize drug release profile. Carboxymethyl xyloglucan , HPMC K100M , and dicalcium phosphate were taken as independent variables. The dependent variables selected were percent of drug release at 2nd hour and at 8th hour . Response surface plots were developed, and optimum formulations were selected on the basis of desirability. The formulated tablets showed anomalous release mechanism and followed matrix drug release kinetics, resulting in regulated and complete release from the tablets within 8 to 10 hours. The polymer carboxymethyl xyloglucan and HPMC K100M had significant effect on drug release from the tablet (). Polynomial mathematical models, generated for various response variables using multiple regression analysis, were found to be statistically significant (). The statistical models developed for optimization were found to be valid.

FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RITONAVIR LOADED PRONIOSOMES FOR ORAL DRUG DELIVERY

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (08) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
T. A Sande ◽  
◽  
F. J Sayyad ◽  
A. V. Patil ◽  
D. D. Mohite
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Slurry Method ◽  
Span 60

Proniosomes of ritonavir were prepared by slurry method using Span 60, maltodextrin and cholesterol. The ratio of concentration of Span 60 to cholesterol was altered while keeping concentration of drug and maltodextrin constant. Prepared formulations were studied for micromeritic properties, entrapment efficiency, particle size, surface morphology and in vitro drug release. Micromeritic properties of all formulations increased as compared to drug and carrier alone. Entrapment efficiency was observed greater than 90 % and drug release was found to be sustained for upto 12 hours in case of all formulations. Pure drug, carrier and optimized batch F2 was further characterized for SEM, DSC, XRD. Results revealed transformation of crystalline drug to amorphous state. Stability studies performed at refrigeration and room temperature showed that proniosomes were stable at both the temperatures. It is concluded that proniosomes act as efficient and promising carrier system for ritonavir.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on Drug Delivery Systems Based on Their Mechanism of Drug Release and Their Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Prakash ◽  
Amit Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Effective Delivery ◽  
Route Of Delivery

Oral drug delivery is the most commonly used and preferred route of delivery of pharmaceuticals which has been successfully treating wide number of diseases. The advantages of this method of delivery are patient friendly, cost effective, established delivery system, noninvasiveness and convenient, and In the pharmaceutical field it is the most favored drug delivery system. Oral drug delivery systems along with other effective delivery system types that are effective and promising are discussed in this paper based on the mechanism of drug release.

scholarly journals pH-triggered drug release from biodegradable microwells for oral drug delivery

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Line Hagner Nielsen ◽  
Johan Nagstrup ◽  
Sarah Gordon ◽  
Stephan Sylvest Keller ◽  
Jesper Østergaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Triggered Drug Release

Formulation and characterization of a paediatric nanoemulsion dosage form with modified oral drug delivery system for improved dissolution rate of nevirapine

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (37) ◽  
pp. 2203-2219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapiwa E. Manyarara ◽  
Star Khoza ◽  
Admire Dube ◽  
Chiedza C. Maponga
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Drug Efflux ◽  
Inversion Point ◽  
Improve Rate

ABSTRACTBackground: The development of appropriate dosage forms for paediatric antiretroviral therapy is key for improved therapeutic outcomes in children. The focus of this study was to improve solubility, dissolution rate, drug release and maintain high drug permeability.Methodology: A nanoemulsion was prepared using emulsion inversion point and evaluated. The nanoemulsion had nevirapine (3% w/w). In vitro drug release studies were performed using dialysis membrane. Permeability studies using the Caco-2 cell model were performed for the formulation.Results: The optimized nevirapine nanoemulsion had a mean droplet size of 36.09±12.27nm, low pdI of 0.598 and zeta potential of -7.87±4.35mV. At pH 2, the nanoemulsion released 76 ± 2 % of nevirapine within 2 h, while at pH 6.4 value representing the small intestine, amount of nevirapine released was 41.6± 4 %. The permeability rate of the nevirapine nanoemulsion was 30.02 x 10-6cm/s and higher than that of propranolol. Efflux ratio was 0.02 indicating low chance of drug efflux occurring.Conclusion: The results showed that a modified liquid drug release formulations of nevirapine could improve rate of dissolution and maintain high permeability and low drug efflux improving bioavailability of nevirapine in vivo.

Development of Nateglinide Loaded Graphene Oxide-Chitosan Nanocomposites: Optimization by Box Behnken Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-153
Author(s):  
Rutuja V. Deshmukh ◽  
Pavan Paraskar ◽  
S. Mishra ◽  
Jitendra Naik
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
X Ray

Background: Nateglinide is an antidiabetic drug having biological half-life 1.5 h which shows a concise effect. Graphene oxide along with chitosan can be used as a nanocarrier for sustained release of Nateglinide. Objective: To develop Nateglinide loaded graphene oxide-chitosan nanocomposites and to evaluate for different characterization studies. Methods: Graphene Oxide (GO) was synthesized by improved hummer’s method and drug-loaded Graphene oxide - chitosan nanocomposites were prepared. Box Behnken design was used to carry out experiments. The nanocomposites were characterized for encapsulation efficiency and drug release. Morphology was studied using field emission scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. An interaction between drug, polymer and GO was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometer along with in vitro drug release study. Results: The statistical evaluation of the design showed linear and quadratic models which are significant models for encapsulation efficiency (R1 0.6883, 0.9473) and drug loading (R2 0.6785, 0.9336), respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the compatibility of GO, Chitosan and Nateglinide. X-ray diffractometer reveals the change in degree of crystallinity of drug. FE-SEM and TEM images confirmed the distribution of the drug within the nanocomposites. Design expert reveals that the concentration of GO has great influence on encapsulation efficiency. In Vitro drug release showed the sustained release of drug over the period of 12 h. Conclusion: GO-Chitosan nanocomposites can be used as a sustained release carrier system for Nateglinide to reduce dose frequency of drug as well as its probable side effects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document