scholarly journals NADPH-oxidase 2 is required for molecular adaptations to high-intensity interval training in skeletal muscle.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Henriquez-Olguin ◽  
Leila Baghersad Renani ◽  
Lyne Arab-Ceschia ◽  
Steffen H. Raun ◽  
Aakash Bhatia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Hexokinase Ii ◽  
Subunit Expression ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Objective: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been proposed as signaling molecules mediating exercise training adaptation, but the ROS source has remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate the requirement for NADPH oxidase (NOX)2-dependent redox changes induced by acute and long-term high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in skeletal muscle in a mouse model lacking functional NOX2 complex due to deficient p47phox (Ncf1) subunit expression (ncf1* mutation). Methods: HIIT was investigated after an acute bout of exercise and after a chronic intervention (3x week for 6 weeks) in wildtype (WT) vs. NOX2 activity-deficient (ncf1*) mice. NOX2 activation during HIIT was measured using a genetically-encoded biosensor. Immunoblotting and single-fiber staining were performed to measure classical exercise-training responsive endpoints in skeletal muscle. Results: A single bout of HIIT increased NOX2 activity measured using electroporated p47roGFP oxidation immediately after exercise but not 1h after exercise. After a 6-week of HIIT regime, improvements in maximal running capacity and some muscle training-markers responded less to HIIT in the ncf1* mice compared to WT, including superoxide dismutase (SOD)2, catalase, hexokinase II (HK II), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and protein markers of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes. Strikingly, HIIT-training increased mitochondrial network area and decreased fragmentation in WT mice only. Conclusion: This study provided evidence that HIIT exercise activates NOX2 complex in skeletal muscle and that the presence of functional NOX2 is required for specific skeletal muscle adaptations to HIIT relating to antioxidant defense, glucose metabolism, and mitochondria.

scholarly journals Adaptations to high-intensity interval training in skeletal muscle require NADPH oxidase 2

Redox Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Henríquez-Olguín ◽  
Leila Baghersad Renani ◽  
Lyne Arab-Ceschia ◽  
Steffen H. Raun ◽  
Aakash Bhatia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Nadph Oxidase 2 ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals Exercise alters and β-alanine combined with exercise augments histidyl dipeptide levels and scavenges lipid peroxidation products in human skeletal muscle

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 1767-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hoetker ◽  
Weiliang Chung ◽  
Deqing Zhang ◽  
Jingjing Zhao ◽  
Virginia K. Schmidtke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Carnosine and anserine are dipeptides synthesized from histidine and β-alanine by carnosine synthase (ATPGD1). These dipeptides, present in high concentration in the skeletal muscle, form conjugates with lipid peroxidation products such as 4-hydroxy trans-2-nonenal (HNE). Although skeletal muscle levels of these dipeptides could be elevated by feeding β-alanine, it is unclear how these dipeptides and their conjugates are affected by exercise training with or without β-alanine supplementation. We recruited 20 physically active men, who were allocated to either β-alanine or placebo-feeding group matched for peak oxygen consumption, lactate threshold, and maximal power. Participants completed 2 wk of a conditioning phase followed by 1 wk of exercise training, a single session of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), followed by 6 wk of HIIT. Analysis of muscle biopsies showed that the levels of carnosine and ATPGD1 expression were increased after CPET and decreased following a single session and 6 wk of HIIT. Expression of ATPGD1 and levels of carnosine were increased upon β-alanine-feeding after CPET, whereas ATPGD1 expression decreased following a single session of HIIT. The expression of fiber type markers myosin heavy chain I and IIa remained unchanged after CPET. Levels of carnosine, anserine, carnosine-HNE, carnosine-propanal, and carnosine-propanol were further increased after 9 wk of β-alanine supplementation and exercise training but remained unchanged in the placebo-fed group. These results suggest that carnosine levels and ATPGD1 expression fluctuates with different phases of training. Enhancing carnosine levels by β-alanine feeding could facilitate the detoxification of lipid peroxidation products in the human skeletal muscle.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Carnosine synthase expression and carnosine levels are altered in the human skeletal muscle during different phases of training. During high-intensity interval training, β-alanine feeding promotes detoxification of lipid peroxidation products and increases anserine levels in the skeletal muscle.

High intensity interval training reduces systemic inflammation in post-PCI patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 850-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Scott Munk ◽  
Unni Mathilde Breland ◽  
Pål Aukrust ◽  
Thor Ueland ◽  
Jan Terje Kvaløy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Stable Angina ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Endothelial Cell Activation ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Background: Increased plasma levels of inflammatory markers and markers of endothelial cell activation have been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular events. Exercise training may lower the risk for coronary heart disease by attenuating inflammation and improving endothelial function. The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of regular high-intensity exercise training on a wide range of markers of inflammation and endothelial cell activation. Materials and methods: Consecutively, 40 patients were prospectively randomized to a 6 months supervised high-intensity interval training programme or to a control group following successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Blood samples of 36 patients with stable angina, drawn at baseline (before PCI) and at 6 months, were analysed. Late luminal loss was measured at 6 months using quantitative coronary angiography. Results: At 6 months, levels of the inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were reduced and levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 increased in the training group only. The decrease in IL-6 and C-reactive protein levels were significantly correlated with the decrease in luminal loss following PCI. In contrast to these anti-inflammatory effects, training had no effect on markers of platelet-mediated inflammation, and the effect of training on markers on endothelial cell activation were rather complex showing attenuating (von Willebrand factor) and enhancing (E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1) effects. Conclusions: Regular exercise training in stable angina patients following PCI may attenuate some, but not all, inflammatory pathways, potentially contributing to the beneficial effects of exercise training on restenosis.

scholarly journals High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Markers of Oxidative Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle of Individuals With Obesity and Insulin Resistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Aguiar de Matos ◽  
Dênia Vargas Vieira ◽  
Kaio Cesar Pinhal ◽  
Jennifer Freitas Lopes ◽  
Marco Fabrício Dias-Peixoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Effects of one‐legged high‐intensity interval training on insulin‐mediated skeletal muscle glucose homeostasis in patients with type 2 diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 226 (2) ◽  
pp. e13245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flemming Dela ◽  
Arthur Ingersen ◽  
Nynne B. Andersen ◽  
Maria B. Nielsen ◽  
Helga H. H. Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval
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