scholarly journals Developmental Changes in Movement Related Brain Activity in Early Childhood

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake Johnson ◽  
Cecilia Jobst ◽  
Rita Al-Loos ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Douglas Cheyne
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Cortical Motor ◽  
Preschool Age Children ◽  
Readiness Field

In a previous MEG study of movement-related brain activity in preschool age children, we reported that pre-movement fields and sensorimotor cortex oscillations differed from those typically observed in adults, suggesting that maturation of cortical motor networks is still incomplete by late preschool age (Cheyne et al., 2014). Here we describe the same measurements in an older group of school-aged children (6 to 8 years old) and an adult control group, in addition to repeated recordings in seven children from the original study approximately two years later. Differences were observed both longitudinally within children and between age groups. Pre-movement (readiness) fields were still not present in the oldest children, however both frequency and magnitude of movement-related mu (8-12Hz) and beta (15-30Hz) oscillations demonstrated linear increases with age. In contrast, movement-evoked gamma synchronization demonstrated a step-like transition from low (30-50 Hz) to high (70-90 Hz) narrow-band oscillations, and this occurred at different ages in different children. These data provide novel evidence of linear and non-linear changes in motor cortex oscillations and delayed development of the readiness field throughout early childhood. Individual children showed large differences in maturation of movement-related brain activity, possibly reflecting differing rates of motor development.

scholarly journals Physical Activity of Serbian Children in Daycare

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Milenko Janković ◽  
Maja Batez ◽  
Dušan Stupar ◽  
Jelena Obradović ◽  
Nebojša Trajković
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Variance Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Novi Sad

Background: Monitoring of physical activity within the educational institution is of great importance, primarily because of the orientation and content implemented in the daycare. This research aimed to examine the number of steps children took during their stay in daycare with regards to age, gender and the frequency of going out. Methods: The research was conducted in four daycares in the urban environment of Novi Sad (Republic of Serbia), where 231 children, aged 5 to 7, were monitored (129 boys and 102 girls). Data on the number of steps were obtained using the pedometers. Results: The result of the univariate analysis of the variance test confirmed a statistically significant difference in the number of steps in relation to the age of children (p = 0.04). Boys were more active than girls in both age groups (p = 0.001). Children who were going to the daycare yard three to five times a week took drastically more steps than children who went up to twice a week (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The results of the current study show that age, gender, and time spent outdoors are significant determinants of physical activity in preschool age. Therefore, interventions regarding physical activity should be made during early childhood in order to promote health and prevent disease.

Pengaruh Clay Therapy terhadap Kecemasan Anak Usia Prasekolah yang Menjalani Prosedur Invasif di RSUD Al-Ihsan

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
Depi Lukitasari
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Preschool Age Children

Background. During hospitalization large number of invasive procedure recived by patient and preceived as threatening and anxiety experience. One of the invasive procedures that commonly done is the venous blood extraction. The children in preschool age preceived venous blood extraction as something that endanger the integrity of the body and lead to anxiety experience. To reduce the anxiety during the venous blood extraction, a nurse could perform a clay theraphy. The aim of this research is to ascertain the effect of clay therapy toward scoreof anxiety in preschool age children that undergoing venous blood extraction in RSUD Al-Ihsan.Methode. The study was quasi-experiment with nonequivalent control group posttest only. A total of 34 children who recieve venous blood extraction was assigned into 2 group, 17 children in control and 17 children in intevention. The children anxiety level measured using anxiety observation sheet before the procedure complete. Data were analyzed used independent t test for bivariate and logistik regresion for multivariate. Result Findings. The results  show a significat difference in anxiety score between control group and intervention group with p-value 0,001 < α 0.05 which means there is impact of clay therapy to level anxiety in preschool age children undergoing invasive procedure in RSUD Al-Ihsan. Conclusion. This research indicate that clay therapy may be used to reduce anxiety in children that undergoing venous blood extraction.

scholarly journals Board Game as an Educational Game Media to an Effort to Change the Attitude of Dengue Prevention in School-Aged Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Vivi Leona Amelia ◽  
Agus Setiawan ◽  
Sukihananto Sukihananto
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Educational Game ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Board Game ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
New Information ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Dengue Prevention

Background: Indonesia is the second highest country for dengue prevalence, and the cases has rapidly increased in the last 45 years. Compared to other age groups, the age group of children is the highest dengue fever prevalence. The attitude of dengue prevention is important for child which related to their skill to preventing the dengue fever by themselves. A game is one of the way to teach the children for a new information, it is also including the dengue prevention material Objective: This study want to identify the attitude of the children about dengue prevention and develop an educational game to teach a new information about dengue prevention. Methods: This study uses quasi-experimental design with pre and posttest with control group. The participants are a school-aged children with age 10-12 years old. With total 92 participants, and 46 for each group. Results: The results show a significantly increasing score at children attitude of dengue prevention before and after intervention except the strategy to closing the water storage (p=0.008), the other strategy that gets a significantly increasing such as fever and fever management (p=0.000), draining the water storage (p=0.001), checking the water storage (p=0.000), recycling (p=0.000), chemistry agent (p=0.000), biology agent (p=0.000), self protection (p=0.001), immune system (0.000). There are different attitude between control and intervention groups (p=0.000). Conclusion: The conclusion is the dengue board game can be an educational game media to give dengue prevention information to children, also can improving the attitude of dengue prevention.   Keywords: Board Game, Dengue Prevention Strategy, School-Aged Children

Promoting Healthy Weight Among Children With Developmental Delays

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruby R. Natale ◽  
Stephanie T. Camejo ◽  
Lila Asfour ◽  
Susan B. Uhlhorn ◽  
Alan Delamater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Developmental Delays ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Junk Food ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Preschool Age Children

An extensive body of research demonstrates a higher prevalence of obesity among children with developmental delays (DD) versus children without delays. This analysis examined the effectiveness of a randomized controlled trial to promote healthy weight in a subsample of preschool-age children with DD ( n = 71) on the adoption of quality nutrition and increased physical activity habits versus controls. Child care centers ( N = 28) randomized to the intervention group received a multilevel (parent, teacher, child) role modeling program and curriculum on obesity prevention. Results showed that children in the intervention group slightly decreased their junk food consumption while the control group increased their junk food consumption. In addition, among preschool-age children with DD, change in parent fruit and vegetable consumption significantly influenced change in their child’s consumption. Conversely, the greater the consumption of junk food by parents, the greater consumption by their children. Results imply that preschool-age children with DD may benefit from child care center–based healthy weight programs.

scholarly journals Determinants of Stunting, Wasting, and Anemia in Guinean Preschool-Age Children: An Analysis of DHS Data From 1999, 2005, and 2012

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley A. Woodruff ◽  
James P. Wirth ◽  
Ismael Ngnie-Teta ◽  
Jean Max Beaulière ◽  
Daffe Mamady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Preschool Age Children

Wasting, stunting, and anemia are persistent and important forms of malnutrition in preschool-age children in the less developed world, in particular the Republic of Guinea, which was the site of a large outbreak of Ebola virus disease in 2014 to 2015. We analyzed data from 3 Demographic and Health Surveys done in Guinea in 1999, 2005, and 2012 to identify possible determinants of wasting, stunting, and anemia. All analyses, both bivariate and multivariate, were carried out separately for each of 3 age groups: less than 6 months, 6 to 23 months, and 24 to 59 months. Variables found statistically significantly associated with stunting, wasting, or anemia in bivariate analysis were placed in an age-specific logistic regression model for that outcome. Overall, anthropometric indices were available for 9228 children and hemoglobin concentrations were available for 5681 children. Logistic regression found relatively few variables associated with nutrition outcomes in children younger than 6 months. More variables were associated with nutrition outcomes in children aged 6 to 23 months. Such variables measured a wide variety of conditions, including estimated birth size, child health and nutritional status, child caring practices, mother’s nutritional and health status, and household water source and sanitation. A similarly broad range of variables was statistically significantly associated with one or more nutrition outcomes in children aged 24 to 59 months. Few of the standard infant and young child feeding indicators were associated with any nutrition outcome. Improvement in the nutritional status of young children in Guinea may require a broad range of nutrition and health interventions.

A Longitudinal Investigation of Speaking Rate in Preschool Children Who Stutter

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1367-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Dailey Hall ◽  
Ofer Amir ◽  
Ehud Yairi
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Rate Of Speech

Both clinical and theoretical interest in stuttering as a disorder of speech motor control has led to numerous investigations of speaking rate in people who stutter. The majority of these studies, however, has been conducted with adult and school-age groups. Most studies of preschoolers have included older children. Despite the ongoing theoretical and clinical focus on speaking rate in young children who stutter and their parents, no longitudinal or cross-sectional studies have been conducted to answer questions about the possible developmental link between stuttering and the rate of speech, or about differences in rate development between preschool children who stutter and normally fluent children. This investigation compared changes in articulatory rate over a period of 2 years in subgroups of preschool-age children who stutter and normally fluent children. Within the group of stuttering children, comparisons also were made between those who exhibited persistent stuttering and those who eventually recovered without intervention. Furthermore, the study compared two metrics of articulatory rate. Spontaneous speech samples, collected longitudinally over a 2-year period, were analyzed acoustically to determine speaking rate measured in number of syllables and phones per second. Results indicated no differences among the 3 groups when articulation rate was measured in syllables per second. Using the phones per second measure, however, significant group differences were found when comparing the control group to the recovered and persistent groups.

P01-303-Vegetative status in infants of high-risk for schizophrenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 305-305
Author(s):  
M.A. Kalinina ◽  
G.N. Schimonova
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Autonomic Tone ◽  
Autonomic Disorders ◽  
First Year Of Life

IntroductionThe study of clinical features and prognostic significance of autonomic disorders are among the most pressing problems of modern medicine.ObjectivesDynamically within 5 years were observed 50 children at high risk for schizophrenia and 40 children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy of the general population. Aims. Evaluation of prognostic significance of autonomic disorders in infancy for mental health in older age groups.MethodsAll patients were examined by clinical methods and EEG, neurosonografia, original screening tables for early childhood.ResultsIn the first year of life in children at high risk for schizophrenia observed mental and motor development within the syndrome of PDD.In infancy the vagotonic orientation prevailed 72, 5%. By 3 years it changed to the amphotonic orientation reaching 76, 0% of children, while the 10, 0% acquired sympathotony, the rest remained vagotonic.The mental state of 37 children to 5 years qualified as schizotipical disorder (F 21.8). In 13 children it was diagnosed schizophrenia, children's type (F20.8). Frequent and sudden changes in the type of tonus correlated with the deterioration of the mental state of a different nature.In the control group at the first year of life prevailed vagotonic orientation, which gradually to age of one year changed by eutonic. During the first 3–5 months of infancy revealed some unstable circulatory, sleep disorders.ConclusionsThe instability of autonomic tone and an abundance of vegetative violations indicate the risk of mental pathology.

scholarly journals Terapi Bermain Origami terhadap Kecemasan Anak Usia Prasekolah (3-6 Tahun) yang Menjalani Hospitalisasi

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Muhammad Al-Ihsan, ◽  
Eka Santi ◽  
Anggi Setyowati
Keyword(s):  
Public Hospital ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Preschool Age Children ◽  
Signed Rank Test

ABSTRAKHospitalisasi dapat menimbulkan respon kecemasan pada anak usia prasekolah. Dampak kecemasan pada anak dapat mengganggu tumbuh kembang, proses penyembuhan, dan trauma. Terapi bermain origami merupakan salah satu intervensi yang dapat mengurangi kecemasan anak selama menjalani hospitalisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi bermain origami terhadap kecemasan anak usia prasekolah (3-6 tahun) yang menjalani hospitalisasi di RSUD Idaman Banjarbaru. Metode pada penelitian ini bersifat quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian pretest posttest non equivalent control group design. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dengan sampel 30 anak usia prasekolah yang terbagi atas 15 anak kelompok intervensi dan 15 anak kelompok kontrol. Pengukuran kecemasan anak usia prasekolah menggunakan Preschool Anxiety Scale. Hasil analisis data menggunakan uji non parametrik Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test terdapat pengaruh terapi bermain origami terhadap kecemasan anak usia prasekolah (3-6 tahun) yang menjalani hospitalisasi di RSUD Idaman Banjarbaru(p-value 0,001).Kata-kata kunci: hospitalisasi, kecemasan, terapi bermain origami.ABSTARCTHospitalization can cause anxiety responses among preschool age children. Impact of children's anxiety when undergoing hospitalization may interfere with growth and development, healing process, and trauma. Origami therapy is one of the interventions to reduce anxiety among children during their hospitalization. The objective of this study was to measure the effectiveness of origami therapy on the anxiety among preschool children (3-6 years) during hospitalizatio Idaman Banjarbaru Public Hospital. The Method this study was quasi-experimental with nonequivalent pretest posttest control group design. The consecutive sampling technique was used in this study to select the samples of 30 preschool children, divided into 15 intervention group and 15 control group. Measurement of anxiety preschoolers using Preschool Anxiety Scale. The Results Analyzed using non-parametric test Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, there was an effect of origami therapy on the anxiety preschool age children during Hospitalization at Idaman Banjarbaru Public Hospital (p-value 0.001).Keywords: anxiety, hospitalization, origami therapy.

scholarly journals Neurocysticercosis in a preschool-age child: case report

2000 ◽  
Vol 58 (3B) ◽  
pp. 909-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCIO M. VASCONCELOS ◽  
MARCIA REGINA S. RAMOS ◽  
PRISCILA JORDAIM SCHWAN ◽  
ROMEU DOMINGUES ◽  
KELLY CRISTINA T. DANTAS ALENCAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Nutritional Habits ◽  
Preschool Age Children ◽  
New Onset

Neurocysticercosis is a frequent cause of epilepsy and other neurologic abnormalities in all age groups, however by virtue of its prolonged incubation period as well as young children's nutritional habits, it is rarely seen in preschool-age children. The objective of this study is to report the case of a 2 ½ year-old child who presented with new-onset seizures. Her diagnostic features, including neuroradiologic findings, are described and compared with the literature. No matter how young he or she may be, every child who presents with new-onset seizures or other unexplained neurologic features and whose CT or MRI shows cystic lesions or contrast-enhancing rounded lesions should raise a suspicion of neurocysticercosis.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perilaku Orang Tua Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Anak Usia Prasekolah Di Tk Kecamatan Curug Kabupaten Tangerang Banten

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
Eva Marsepa ◽  
Fitria Rizqiyah ◽  
Rina Puspita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Test Results ◽  
F Test ◽  
Preschool Age Children ◽  
Weak Influence

ABSTRACTS: THE EFFECT OF PARENTS BEHAVIOR ON THE MOTOR DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN IN TK CURUG DISTRICT, REGENCY TANGERANG BANTEN Background: In families, motor development can be formed both the merits of gross and fine motor skills in preschoolers depending on how fast or slow the parents teach it to the child. The data shows that the significant value of parental behavior is 0.137 while the significant value of motor development is 0.278 which shows a weak influence. Still influenced by factors or other causes outside the studied variables. Objective: To determine the effect of parental behavior on motor development of preschool children in the kindergarten Curug Subdistrict, Tangerang Regency.Conclusion: the majority of respondents had a level of influence that was less based on information obtained from the questionnaire results obtained.Researcher design: quantitative sectional methods and techniques taken by the F test and the correlation coefficient test with 100 respondents. The results of the study: the T-test based on the behavior variable shows that the T value is smaller than the Table, that is 2.347 <1.66039, then Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected, meaning that the behavior variable has no influence and is not significant to motor development with the F test table5.2.5 with a significant level of 0.05 and the degree of freedom (df) is n-1- 1 = 100 - 1 - 1 = 98. Then obtained a table of 3.94. F test results above obtained Fcount> F table 5.507> 3.94 with a significant level of 0.000 <0.05. Thus Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. With the correlation coefficient test value of R square of = 0.053, this means that the variable behavior of parents affects the child's motor development variable 05.3% so the rest is equal to the correlation shown by 100% - 05.3% = 47%. Keywords: Influence, Motor Development, Parents  INTISARI: PENGARUH PERILAKU ORANG TUA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK ANAK USIA PAUD DI TK CURUG KABUPATEN TANGERANG BANTEN Latar Belakang: Dalam keluarga perkembangan motorik bisa saja dibentuk baik buruknya motorik kasar dan halus pada anak usia prasekolah tergantung pada cepat atau lambatnya orang tua mengajarkannya kepada si anak. Data menunjukan bahwa nilai signifikan perilaku orang tua yaitu 0,137 sedangkan nilai signifikan perkembangan motorik yaitu 0,278 yang menunjukan pengaruh yang lemah.Masih dipegaruhi oleh faktor-faktor atau sebab-sebab yang lain di luar variabel yang diteliti.Tujuan:Untuk mengetahui pengaruh perilaku orang tua terhadap perkembangan motorikanak prasekolahdi TK Kecamatan Curug Kabupaten Tangerang.Desain peneliti:metode kuantitatif sectional dan teknik yang diambil dengan uji T uji F dan uji koefisien korelasi dengan respondent 100 orang.Hasil penelitian: dengan uji T berdasarkan pada variabel perilaku menunjukan nilai Thitung lebih kecil dari Ttabel yaitu sebesar 2.347 < 1.66039 maka Ho diterima dan Ha ditolak artinya variabel perilaku tidak berpegaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap perkembangan motorik dengan uji F tabel 5.2.5 dengan taraf signifikan 0.05 dan derajat kebebasan (df) adalah n- 1- 1 = 100 - 1 - 1 =98. Maka diperoleh Ftabel sebesar3.94. hasil uji F diatas diperoleh Fhitung> F tabel5.507> 3.94 dengan taraf signifikan 0,000 < 0,05. Dengan demikian Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Dengan uji koefisien korelasi nilai R square sebesar = 0.053 hal ini berarti variabel perilaku orang tua mempengaruhi variabel perkembangan motorik anak 05,3% dengan demikian sisanya yaitu sebesar korelasi ditunjukan dengan 100% - 05,3% = 47%.Kesimpulan: sebagian besar respondent memiliki tingkat pengaruh yang kurang berdasarkan informasi yang didapat dari hasil kuisioner yang di dapat. Kata kunci : Pengaruh, Perkembangan Motorik, Orang Tua

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