scholarly journals Positive effects of low LDL-C and statins on bone mineral density: an integrated epidemiological observation analysis and Mendelian Randomization study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Hoi-Yee Li ◽  
Ching-Lung Cheung ◽  
Philip Chun-Ming Au ◽  
Kathryn Choon-Beng Tan ◽  
Ian Chi-Kei Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Nhanes Iii ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Epidemiological Observation

AbstractBackgroundLow-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is suggested to play a role in osteoporosis but its association with bone metabolism remains unclear. Effects of LDL-C-lowering drugs on bone are also controversial. We aim to determine whether LDL-C is linked causally to BMD and assess the effects of LDL-C-lowering drugs on BMD.MethodsAssociation between blood lipid levels and BMD was examined by epidemiological observation analyses in US representative cohort NHANES III (N=3,638) and Hong Kong Osteoporosis Study (HKOS; N=1,128). Two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR), employing genetic data from GWAS of blood lipids (N=188,577), total body BMD (TB-BMD) (N=66,628) and estimated BMD (eBMD) (N=142,487), was performed to infer causality between blood lipids and BMD. Genetic proxies for LDL-C-lowering drugs were used to examine the drugs’ effects on BMD.ResultsIn NHANES III cohort, each SD decrease in LDL-C was associated with 0.045 SD increase in femoral neck BMD (95% CI: 0.009 to 0.081; P=0.015). A similar increase in BMD was observed in HKOS at femoral neck and lumbar spine. In MR analysis, decrease in genetically predicted LDL-C was associated with increase in TB-BMD [estimate per SD decrease, 0.038 (95% CI: 0.002 to 0.074); P=0.038] and eBMD [0.076 (0.042 to 0.111); P=1.20×10−5]. Reduction of TB-BMD was causally associated with increased LDL-C [0.035 (0.033 to 0.066); P=0.034]. Statins’ LDL-C-lowering proxies were associated with increased TB-BMD [0.18 (0.044 to 0.316); P=9.600×10−3] and eBMD [0.143 (0.062 to 0.223); P=5.165×10−4].ConclusionsNegative causal association exists between LDL-C level and BMD. Statins’ LDL-C-lowering effect increases BMD, suggesting its protective effect on bone.

scholarly journals Positive effects of low LDL-C and statins on bone mineral density: an integrated epidemiological observation analysis and Mendelian randomization study

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1221-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Hoi-Yee Li ◽  
Ching-Lung Cheung ◽  
Philip Chun-Ming Au ◽  
Kathryn Choon-Beng Tan ◽  
Ian Chi-Kei Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Nhanes Iii ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Epidemiological Observation

Abstract Background Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is suggested to play a role in osteoporosis but its association with bone metabolism remains unclear. Effects of LDL-C-lowering drugs on bone are also controversial. We aim to determine whether LDL-C is linked causally to bone mineral density (BMD) and assess the effects of LDL-C-lowering drugs on BMD. Methods Association between blood lipid levels and BMD was examined by epidemiological observation analyses in a US representative cohort NHANES III (n = 3638) and the Hong Kong Osteoporosis Study (HKOS; n = 1128). Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR), employing genetic data from a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) of blood lipids (n = 188 577), total body BMD (TB-BMD) (n = 66 628) and estimated BMD (eBMD) (n= 142 487), was performed to infer causality between LDL-C and BMD. Genetic proxies for LDL-C-lowering drugs were used to examine the drugs’ effects on BMD. Results In the NHANES III cohort, each standard deviation (SD) decrease in LDL-C was associated with a 0.045 SD increase in femoral neck BMD (95% CI: 0.009 − 0.081; P = 0.015). A similar increase in BMD was observed in the HKOS at femoral neck and lumbar spine. In MR analysis, a decrease in genetically predicted LDL-C was associated with an increase in TB-BMD {estimate per SD decrease, 0.038 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.002 − 0.074]; P = 0.038} and eBMD [0.076 (0.042 − 0.111); P = 1.20x10−5]. Reduction in TB-BMD was causally associated with increased LDL-C [0.035 (0.033 − 0.066); P = 0.034]. Statins’ LDL-C-lowering proxies were associated with increased TB-BMD [0.18 (0.044 − 0.316); P = 9.600x10−3] and eBMD [0.143 (0.062 − 0.223); P = 5.165x10−4]. Conclusions Negative causal association exists between LDL-C level and BMD. Statins’ LDL-C-lowering effect increases BMD, suggesting their protective effect on bone.

scholarly journals Effect of Low Dietary Glycemic Index on Blood Lipids Profile among Obese Postpartum Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahnai Basharat ◽  
Syed Amir Gilani ◽  
Shahid Bashir ◽  
Muhammad Mustafa Qamar
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Lipids Profile ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

AbstractObjective:  Postpartum obesity leads to long-term maternal obesity and promotes drastic health complications. Low glycemic index diet is suggested to have a beneficial impact on blood lipid levels. Therefore, we conducted a study to explore the effect of low glycemic diet on blood lipid profile in obese postpartum women.Methods:  In a randomised controlled trial, 38 obese postpartum women in intervention and 36 obese post-partum women in control group were analysed. Subjects in the intervention group were assigned low glycemic index diet and to follow this protocol for 12 weeks and the control group was advised to continue their routine diet.Results:  Low glycemic diet had a positive impact on low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride and highdensity lipoprotein (HDL) concentration (p < 0.05). A strong positive correlation was observed between the glycemic index and LDL (mg/dl), (r = 0.57; p = 0.02) and between glycemic index and triglyceride (mg/dl), (r = 0.51; p = 0.01) in control and intervention group. A negative correlation was identified between glycemic index and HDL (mg/dl), (r = -0.45; p = 0.01).Conclusion:  Study concluded that low glycemic index diet reduced low density lipoprotein and triglyceride level and increased HDL level in blood; further more a significant association was found between glycemic index and blood lipids profile. 

scholarly journals Causal Associations Between Blood Lipids and COVID-19 Risk: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Shan-Shan Dong ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Shi-Hao Tang ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Uk

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. It has been reported that dyslipidemia is correlated with COVID-19, and blood lipids levels, including total cholesterol, HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels, were significantly associated with disease severity. However, the causalities of blood lipids on COVID-19 are not clear. Approach and Results: We performed 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore the causal effects of blood lipids on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. Using the outcome data from the UK Biobank (1221 cases and 4117 controls), we observed potential positive causal effects of dyslipidemia (odds ratio [OR], 1.27 [95% CI, 1.08–1.49], P =3.18×10 −3 ), total cholesterol (OR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.07–1.32], P =8.54×10 −4 ), and ApoB (apolipoprotein B; OR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.07–1.29], P =1.01×10 −3 ) on COVID-19 susceptibility after Bonferroni correction. In addition, the effects of total cholesterol (OR, 1.01 [95% CI, 1.00–1.02], P =2.29×10 −2 ) and ApoB (OR, 1.01 [95% CI, 1.00–1.02], P =2.22×10 −2 ) on COVID-19 susceptibility were also identified using outcome data from the host genetics initiative (14 134 cases and 1 284 876 controls). Conclusions: In conclusion, we found that higher total cholesterol and ApoB levels might increase the risk of COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Optimal cut-off points after a daily meal corresponding to fasting goal levels of LDL-C and non-HDL-C in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ling Guo ◽  
Yan-qiao Chen ◽  
Qiu-zhen Lin ◽  
Feng Tian ◽  
Qun-Yan Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

Abstract Background: Although the detection of non-fasting blood lipids has been recommended in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), the non-fasting cut-off points corresponding to the fasting goals of LDL-C < 1.8 mmol/Land non-HDL-C < 2.6 mmol/L, respectively, have not been explored. Methods: This study enrolled 397 inpatients with CHD. One hundred and ninety-seven patients took statins for < 1 month (m) or did not take any statin before admission (i.e. CHD1 group), while 204 patients took statins for ≥ 1 m before admission (i.e. CHD2 group). Blood lipid levels were measured at 0 h, 2 h, and 4 h after a daily breakfast. Results: Non-fasting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels significantly decreased after a daily meal ( P < 0.05). Both fasting and non-fasting LDL-C or non-HDL-C levels were significantly lower in the CHD2 group. The percent attainment of LDL-C < 1.8 mmol/L at 2 h or 4 h after a daily breakfast was significantly higher than that of its fasting point ( P < 0.05), whereas that of non-HDL-C < 2.6 mmol/L was significantly higher only at 4 h ( P < 0.05). Analysis of c-statistic showed that non-fasting cut-off points for LDL-C and non-HDL-C were 1.5 mmol/L and 2.4 mmol/L, corresponding to their fasting goal levels of 1.8 mmol/L and 2.6 mmol/L, respectively. When postprandial LDL-C and non-HDL-C goal attainments were re-evaluated by non-fasting cut-off points, there were no significant differences in percent attainment between fasting and non-fasting states. Conclusions: Determination ofnon-fasting cut-off points is important to evaluate the efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy if blood lipids are detected after a daily meal.

scholarly journals Comparison Between Fasting and Non-Fasting Cut-Off Values of Triglyceride in Diagnosing High Triglyceride in Chinese Hypertensive Outpatients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Xie ◽  
Peiliu Qu ◽  
Tie Wen ◽  
Ling Liu ◽  
Xiao Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Fasting State

Abstract Background: Hypertension (HBP) often occurs together with hypertriglyceridemia that indicates elevated triglyceride (TG) and remnant cholesterol (RC) levels. Non-fasting (i.e. postprandial) blood lipid test after a daily meal has been recommended by the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS). However, little is known about the difference between fasting and non-fasting cut-off values in assessing high TG (HTG) and high RC (HRC) in HBP outpatients.Methods: Two hundred and twenty-five Chinese outpatients with HBP were enrolled in this study. According to the time of blood lipid test, they were divided into two groups, i.e. the fasting group (n=119) and the non-fasting group (n=139). Non-fasting levels of blood lipids at 2 h after a daily breakfast were also tested in 33 patients among the fasting group. Venous blood samples were collected. Serum levels of blood lipids were measured by the enzymatic and direct methods on a HITACHI 7170A analyzer or estimated via related formulas. Results: The non-fasting group had significantly higher levels of TG and RC while lower levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than the fasting group (P＜0.05). According to TG and RC cut-off values of the EAS, the percentages of HTG and HRC in the non-fasting group were 67.6% and 65.6%, respectively, while those in the fasting group were 57.1% and 52.9%, respectively. However, the percentages of HTG in the fasting state and at 2 h after a daily breakfast in 33 outpatients did not reach statistical significance (57.6% v.s. 51.5%). So did the fasting and at 2 h non-fasting percentages of HRC in them.Conclusion: Non-fasting blood lipid test could find more HBP outpatients with HTG in Chinese outpatients with HBP. However, the percentage of HTG at 2h after a daily breakfast seemed to be close to that in the fasting state.

scholarly journals Association Between Lipid Biomarkers and Osteoporosis: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianqian Zhao ◽  
Bo Kan ◽  
Lijuan Wang ◽  
Shanshan Xue ◽  
Hanqing Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: Osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are two major public health problems. Osteoporosis and CVDs may be linked but the association between lipid profile and osteoporosis is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) with osteoporosis.Methods: Using inpatients’ electronic medical records (EMR) and dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) database stored at The Second Hospital of Jilin University, we included 481 patients with complete and valid lipid and bone mineral density (BMD) data in 2017. Serum samples were used to measure TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG. Femoral neck and total hip BMD were measured by DXA; osteoporosis was defined as femoral neck or total hip T-score ≤ -2.5. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to test the associations of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG with osteoporosis.Results: The mean age for included patients was 62.7 years (SD = 8.6 years); 60.1 % of them were female. Each standard deviation (SD) increase in TC (Odds Ratio [OR]: 1.43; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.03-1.99) and TG (OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.12-2.30) were associated with increased risk of osteoporosis; LDL-C and HDL-C levels were not associated with osteoporosis. Age, sex and body mass index (BMI) did not interact the relationships of TC and TG with osteoporosis (all P > 0.10). Conclusions: Higher TC and TG levels were associated with greater risk of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index and Blood Lipids Underpin The Correlation Between The Age At Menarche and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongjian Yang ◽  
Ya Yang ◽  
Jingjin Shi ◽  
Xiaoyue Cheng ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Age At Menarche

Abstract Background The age of menarche affects the metabolic activities in pregnant women. However, data on the factors that define the association between age at menarche and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains scant. Methods Logistic regression models coupled with restricted cubic splines were used to analyze the effect of menarche on GDM. We stratified the participants by age at pregnancy, fetal gender, and parity. We interrogated the role of BMI before pregnancy, BMI gain during pregnancy, and blood lipids in early pregnancy in mediating GDM. Results With menarche age ≤ 12 years as the control, women with menarche ages of 13, 14, and ≥ 15 years had 0.91 (95%CI, 0.85 to 0.97), 0.87 (95%CI, 0.81 to 0.93), and 0.85 (95%CI, 0.79 to 0.91) odds ratio for GDM. There were similar and pronounced effects in advanced-age pregnancy, with male fetuses and primiparous women. We showed that pre-pregnancy BMI and blood lipids such as triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein in early pregnancy mediate the association between age at menarche and GDM. Conclusion Taken together, our data demonstrated that menarche at early ages fuels the development of GDM. For pregnant women with early menarche should reduce BMI and blood lipid levels before pregnancy.

Training intensity, blood lipids, and apolipoproteins in men with high cholesterol

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Crouse ◽  
Barbara C. O’Brien ◽  
Peter W. Grandjean ◽  
Robert C. Lowe ◽  
J. James Rohack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Training Intensity ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Apo B

Crouse, Stephen F., Barbara C. O’Brien, Peter W. Grandjean, Robert C. Lowe, J. James Rohack, John S. Green, and Homer Tolson.Training intensity, blood lipids, and apolipoproteins in men with high cholesterol. J. Appl. Physiol.82(1): 270–277, 1997.—Twenty-six hypercholesterolemic men (mean cholesterol, 258 mg/dl; age, 47 yr; weight, 81.9 kg) completed 24 wk of cycle ergometer training (3 days/wk, 350 kcal/session) at either high ( n = 12) or moderate ( n = 14) intensity (80 and 50% maximal O2uptake, respectively, randomly assigned) to test the influence of training intensity on blood lipid and apolipoprotein (apo) concentrations. All physiological, lipid, and apo measurements were completed at 0, 8, 16, and 24 wk. Lipid data were analyzed via two × four repeated-measures analysis of variance (∝ = 0.0031). Training produced a significant decrease in body weight and increase in maximal O2uptake. No interactions between intensity and weeks of training were noted for any lipid or apo variable, and no between-group differences were significant before or throughout training. Therefore, intensity did not affect the training response. Regardless of intensity, apo AI and apo B fell 9 and 13%, respectively, by week 16 and remained lower through week 24( P < 0.0003). Total cholesterol fell transiently (−5.5%) by week 16( P < 0.0021) but returned to initial levels by week 24. Triglyceride, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol did not change with training. In contrast, HDL2cholesterol rose 79% above initial levels by week 8 and 82% above initial levels by week 24( P < 0.0018); HDL3cholesterol fell 8 and 13% over the same training intervals ( P< 0.0026). These data show that changes in blood lipid and apo concentrations that accompany training in hypercholesterolemic men are not influenced by exercise intensity when caloric expenditure is held constant.

scholarly journals Causally Associations of Blood Lipids Levels with COVID-19 Risk: Mendelian Randomization Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Zhuo-Xin Wang ◽  
Jing-Miao Ding ◽  
Shi Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Gene Set Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Gene Set

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). It has been found that coronary artery disease (CAD) is a comorbid condition for COVID-19. As the risk factors of CAD, whether blood lipids levels are causally related to increasing susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 is still unknown.DesignWe performed two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses to explore whether dyslipidemia, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were causally related to COVID-19 risk and severity. The GWAS summary data of blood lipids involving in 188,578 individuals and dyslipidemia in a total of 53,991 individuals were used as exposures, respectively. Two COVID-19 GWASs including 1,221 infected patients and 1,610 severe patients defined as respiratory failure were employed as outcomes. Based on the MR estimates, we further carried out gene-based and gene-set analysis to explain the potential mechanism for causal effect.ResultsThe MR results showed that dyslipidemia was casually associated with the susceptibility of COVID-19 and induced 27% higher odds for COVID-19 infection (MR-IVW OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.49, p-value = 3.18 × 10−3). Moreover, the increasing level of blood TC will raise 14 % higher odds for the susceptibility of COVID-19 (MR-IVW OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.25, p-value = 5.07 × 10−3). Gene-based analysis identified that ABO gene was associated with TC and the gene-set analysis found that immune processes were involved in the risk effect of TC.ConclusionsWe obtained three conclusions: 1) Dyslipidemia is casually associated with the susceptibility of COVID-19; 2) TC is a risk factor for the susceptibility of COVID-19; 3) The different susceptibility of COVID-19 in specific blood group may be partly explained by the TC concentration in diverse ABO blood groups.

scholarly journals Causally Associations of Blood Lipids Levels with COVID-19 Risk:  Mendelian Randomization Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Zhuoxin Wang ◽  
Jingmiao Ding ◽  
Shi Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
P Value ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Summary Data

Abstract BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). It has been found that coronary artery disease (CAD) is a comorbid condition for COVID-19. As the risk factors of CAD, whether blood lipids levels are causally related to increasing susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 is still unknown.ObjectiveWe aim to measure the causal effects between blood lipids and COVID-19 using two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) methods.MethodsWe performed two-sample MR analyses to explore whether dyslipidemia, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were causally related to COVID-19 risk and severity. The GWAS summary data of blood lipids involving in 312571 individuals and dyslipidemia in a total of 53991 individuals were used as exposures, respectively. Two COVID-19 GWASs including 1221 infected patients and 1610 severe patients defined as respiratory failure were employed as outcomes. ResultsThe MR results showed that dyslipidemia was casually associated with the susceptibility of COVID-19 and induced 27% higher odds for COVID-19 infection (MR-IVW OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.49, p-value = 3·18 × 10-3). For blood lipids, the increasing level of TC will raise 18 % higher odds for the susceptibility of COVID-19 (MR-IVW OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.31, p-value = 3.08 × 10-3). Based on MR estimates, we further carried out gene-based analysis and found that ABO gene was associated with TC.Conclusions Dyslipidemia is casually associated with the susceptibility of COVID-19 and the blood TC level is a risk factor for the susceptibility of COVID-19. In addition, the different susceptibility of COVID-19 in specific blood group may be partly explained by the TC concentration in diverse ABO blood groups.

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