scholarly journals First report of enhanced contents of nine macro- and micronutrients in gymnosperms via arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Franco ◽  
Jesús Pérez-Moreno ◽  
Gabriela Sánchez ◽  
Carlos R. Cerdán ◽  
Juan J. Almaraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nutrient Enhancement ◽  
Pinus Greggii ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
First Time

AbstractTraditionally, it is thought that arbuscular mycorrhizae establish a mutualist symbiosis only with the roots of angiosperm plants. In this mutualism, fungi receive carbon from the plants, and angiosperms receive nutrients through the external mycelium of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However, the enhanced contents of macro- and micronutrients in gymnosperm plants, and therefore the mutualistic relationship, with AMF has not been reported so far. The present work evaluated whether arbuscular mycorrhizae were able to establish and enhance 9 nutrient contents in the neotropical Pinaceae species Pinus greggii. The tree seedlings were inoculated with three consortia of AMF isolated from an agricultural site, a forest of Cupressus lusitanica and a forest of Pinus hartwegii. The effect of AMF inoculation on plant growth and nutrient enhancement, in addition to colonization, was evaluated. There was evidence of enhancement of plant growth and 9 macro- and micronutrients in plants inoculated with the three evaluated consortia. After 7 months, the translocation was greater for Mg, Mn and Zn in plants inoculated with the consortium of AMF from pine forest. The presence of hyphae, vesicles and arbuscules was detected in the roots of the Pinus greggii plants inoculated with the AMF consortia. In addition to these positive effects, colonization of 10 to 15% and 20 to 38% was observed depending on the AMF consortia after 2 and 7 months, respectively. The presence of arbuscules which is the translocation structure among involved symbionts was also recorded; and photographed for the first time. In the present work, we report for the first time that arbuscular mycorrhiza affects the mobilization of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and B in gymnosperms, indicating that this mycorrhizal symbiosis is more complex than previously believed.

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Mitigate Aluminum Toxicity and Regulate Proline Metabolism in Plants Grown in Acidic Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Modhi O. Alotaibi ◽  
Ahmed M. Saleh ◽  
Renato L. Sobrinho ◽  
Mohamed S. Sheteiwy ◽  
Ahmed M. El-Sawah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Proline Metabolism ◽  
Proline Biosynthesis ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Al Stress ◽  
Rate Of Photosynthesis

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote plant growth and induce stress tolerance. Proline is reported to accumulate in mycorrhizal plants under stressful conditions, such as aluminum (Al) stress. However, the detailed changes induced in proline metabolism under AMF–plant symbiosis has not been studied. Accordingly, this work aimed to study how Al-stressed grass (barley) and legume (lotus) species respond to AMF inoculation at growth and biochemical levels. The associated changes in Al uptake and accumulation, the rate of photosynthesis, and the key enzymes and metabolites involved in proline biosynthesis and degradation pathways were studied. Soil contamination with Al induced Al accumulation in tissues of both species and, consequently, reduced plant growth and the rate of photosynthesis, while more tolerance was noticed in lotus. Inoculation with AMF significantly reduced Al accumulation and mitigated the negative impacts of Al on growth and photosynthesis in both species; however, these positive effects were more pronounced in barley plants. The mitigating action of AMF was associated with upregulation of proline biosynthesis through glutamate and ornithine pathways, more in lotus than in barley, and repression of its catabolism. The increased proline level in lotus was consistent with improved N metabolism (N level and nitrate reductase). Overall, this study suggests the role of AMF in mitigating Al stress, where regulation of proline metabolism is a worthy mechanism underlying this mitigating action.

scholarly journals Mobilization and transfer of nine macro-and micronutrients to Pinus greggii seedlings via arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (0) ◽  
pp. 923238
Author(s):  
Alicia Franco-Ramírez ◽  
Jesús Pérez-Moreno ◽  
Gabriela Sánchez-Viveros ◽  
Carlos R. Cerdán-Cabrera ◽  
Juan J. Almaraz-Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Pinus Greggii ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients

scholarly journals A Meta-Analytical Approach on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation Efficiency on Plant Growth and Nutrient Uptake

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Murugesan Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Mycorrhizal Plants

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate symbionts of higher plants which increase the growth and nutrient uptake of host plants. The primary objective was initiated based on analyzing the enormity of optimal effects upon AMF inoculation in a comparative bias between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants stipulated on plant biomass and nutrient uptake. Consequently, in accomplishing the above-mentioned objective a vast literature was collected, analyzed, and evaluated to establish a weighted meta-analysis irrespective of AMF species, plant species, family and functional group, and experimental conditions in the context of beneficial effects of AMF. I found a significant increase in the shoot, root, and total biomass by 36.3%, 28.5%, and, 29.7%, respectively. Moreover, mycorrhizal plants significantly increased phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium uptake by 36.3%, 22.1%, and 18.5%, respectively. Affirmatively upon cross-verification studies, plant growth parameters intensification was accredited to AMF (Rhizophagus fasciculatus followed by Funniliforme mosseae), plants (Triticum aestivum followed by Solanum lycopersicum), and plant functional groups (dicot, herbs, and perennial) were the additional vital important significant predictor variables of plant growth responses. Therefore, the meta-analysis concluded that the emancipated prominent root characteristics, increased morphological traits that eventually help the host plants for efficient phosphorus uptake, thereby enhancing plant biomass. The present analysis can be rationalized for any plant stress and assessment of any microbial agent that contributes to plant growth promotion.

scholarly journals The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on Euterpe oleracea mart. (açaí) seedlings

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1018-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ying Chu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Infected Root ◽  
Black Plastic

With the objective of verifying the response of Euterpe oleracea seedlings to seven arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species, an experimental trial was carried out under greenhouse conditions. Seeds of E. oleracea were sown in carbonized rice husk. Germinating seeds were initially transferred to plastic cups, containing fumigated Reddish Yellow Quartz Sand and inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Two months later, seedlings were transferred to 2 kg black plastic bags, containing the same soil without fumigation. Plant growth and mineral nutrients were evaluated nine months after mycorrhizal inoculation. Differential effects were observed among the species tested, with Scutellispora gilmorei being the most effective ones in promoting growth and nutrient content of E. oleracea seedlings. The increment resulted from inoculation with S. gilmorei were 92% in total plant height, 116% in stem diameter, 361% in dry matter production, 191% in N, 664% in P, 46% in K, 562% in Ca, 363% in Mg and 350% in Zn contents, comparing to uninoculated controls. Infected root length was positively correlated to nutrient content and plant growth. It was concluded that growth and nutrient uptake of E. oleracea seedlings could be significantly improved by inoculation of effective arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

scholarly journals Sporocarpic species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota), with a new report from Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Tomio Goto ◽  
Leonor Costa Maia
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystems ◽  
Brazilian Soils ◽  
First Time

The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widely distributed in terrestrial ecossystems; however the sporocarpic species are less documented on AMF surveys. Five of these species were found in natural areas of Atlantic Forest and in agricultural ecosystems of Northeast Brazil: Glomus glomerulatum, G. sinuosum, G. coremioides, G. fuegianum and G. taiwanensis, with the last one being registered for the first time in Brazilian soils.

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal fungi inoculation and phosphorus fertilizer on growth, essential oil production and nutrient uptake in peppermint (Mentha piperita L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 692-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Arango ◽  
M.F. Ruscitti ◽  
M.G. Ronco ◽  
J. Beltrano
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Essential Oil Yield ◽  
Essential Oil Production

This study evaluated the effects of inoculation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices A4 and Glomus intraradices B1 and two phosphorus levels (10 and 40 mg kg-1) on root colonization, plant growth, nutrient uptake and essential oil content in Mentha piperita L. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in 4x2 factorial arrangement, in completely randomized design. At sixty days after transplanting, the mycorrhizal plants had significantly higher fresh matter, dry matter and leaf area compared to non-mycorrhizal plants. The inoculation increased P, K and Ca levels in the shoot which were higher under 40 mg P kg-1 of soil. Plants grown with 40 mg P kg-1 soil increased the essential oil yield per plant by about 40-50% compared to those cultivated with 10 mg P kg-1, regardless of the mycorrhizal treatment. Among the studied fungal species, inoculation with G. intraradices A4 and a high level of P significantly increased plant growth and essential oil yield, compared to the other studied mycorrhizal fungal species. In conclusion, inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi into peppermint plants is a feasible alternative to increase the essential oil production and reduce the use of fertilizers required to obtain economic production of peppermint under phosphorus-deficient soil condition.

scholarly journals Effects of sulpher foam and mycorrhizal fungi on Eggplant infested with Nematode(Meloidogyne javanica) at seed or seedling stage

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-398
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root System ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Treated Plant

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and sulphur foam added either at direct seeding or at transplanting decreased the effects of nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) on eggplant growth, and improved plant health. Experiments were conducted to study the possible interactions between the Mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mossae and Gigaspora spp.) and sulphur foam to control M. javanica on eggplant at seed or seedling stage. Experiment at seed stage treated with Mycorrhiza or sulphur foam alone or together stimulated the growth and reduced Nematode infestation significantly. Treated plant at seedling stage increased plant growth and reduced the number of galls /gm of root system. The interaction between Mycorrhiza and sulpher foam treatments was not significant.

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