scholarly journals Optimization of accelerated solvent extraction of fatty acids from Coix seeds using chemometrics methods

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Liu ◽  
Kai Fan ◽  
Wei-Guo Song ◽  
Zhengwu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Accelerated Solvent Extraction ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Coix Seed ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Temperature Time

This study investigated the optimization of accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) of fatty acids (FAs) from three Coix seeds (small Coix seed, SCS; big Coix seed, BCS; translucent Coix seed, TCS) by chemometrics methods. Partial least-squares regression (PLSR) and backpropagation neural network (BPNN) were applied to build models that reflect the relationship between content of FAs and extraction conditions (temperature, time, and extraction solvent). Genetic algorithms (GAs) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) were utilized to optimize the combination of extraction conditions. The composition of FAs was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The PLSR models could reflect the relationship of FA content in both BCS and SCS and extraction conditions well, while the BPNN model was more suitable for TCS. The optimal extraction conditions for BCS and SCS were obtained by GAs, whereas those of TCS were obtained by PSO. The FA compositions of the three Coix seeds exhibited differences. The results show that ASE combined with chemometrics methods can rapidly and effectively obtain the optimal conditions for the extraction of FAs from Coix seed and there are differences in the extraction conditions and compositions of FAs among different varieties of Coix seed, but all the extraction time is shorter than other extractions methods.

The Relationship of Fasting Free Fatty Acids, Adipose Tissue, Insulin Resistance, and Fasting Glucose Concentrations with Subsequent ß-Cell Function in Nondiabetic Subjects

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1812-P
Author(s):  
MARIA D. HURTADO ◽  
J.D. ADAMS ◽  
MARCELLO C. LAURENTI ◽  
CHIARA DALLA MAN ◽  
CLAUDIO COBELLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The Relationship of Insulin Resistance With SNP 276G>T at Adiponectin Gene and Plasma Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Obese Children

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Verduci ◽  
Silvia Scaglioni ◽  
Carlo Agostoni ◽  
Giovanni Radaelli ◽  
Marialuisa Biondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Adiponectin Gene ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Long Chain

First Use of Handheld Raman Spectroscopy to Analyze Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Intact Fish Oil Capsules

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Patrick Killeen ◽  
Asli Card ◽  
Keith Christopher Gordon ◽  
Nigel Brian Perry
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Raman Spectrometer ◽  
Mean Square Errors ◽  
Ft Raman

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are commercially important omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oils. Here we demonstrate that a handheld Raman spectrometer can be used to quantitate these compounds in intact fish oil capsules, avoiding oxidizing risk. Partial least squares regression models were prepared by relating Raman spectral variance to EPA and DHA concentrations determined using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of fatty acid methyl esters in 15 commercial samples containing 145–473 mg g−1 EPA and 101–260 mg·g−1 DHA. Handheld Fourier transform (FT)-Raman models had root mean square errors of cross-validation of 38 mg g−1, 24 mg g−1, and 32 mg·g−1 for EPA, DHA, and EPA+DHA, respectively. Models generated from a benchtop FT-Raman spectrometer had corresponding errors of 32 mg·g−1, 22 mg·g−1, and 26 mg·g−1. By comparison, average standard deviations from triplicate GC-MS analyses were 11 mg·g−1 for EPA and 9 mg·g−1 for DHA.

scholarly journals Turnover of eicosanoid precursor fatty acids among phospholipid classes and subclasses of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells

1989 ◽  
Vol 258 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Takayama ◽  
M H Kroll ◽  
M A Gimbrone ◽  
A I Schafer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Ionophore A23187 ◽  
Human Umbilical Vein ◽  
Phospholipid Classes ◽  
Specific Increase ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Using cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells, in which phosphatidylcholine (PC) is equally pulse-labelled by various eicosanoid precursor fatty acids (EPFAs), we have studied the remodelling of EPFAs among the phospholipid classes and subclasses with and without activation, and the relationship of this remodelling process to the selective release of arachidonic acid (AA) by phospholipase A2-mediated cell stimulation. When endothelial cells are pulse-incubated with radiolabelled EPFA for 15 min, greater than 80% of cell-associated radioactivity is present in phospholipids, among which greater than 60% is found in 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (diacyl PC). After removing unincorporated radioactivity, reincubation of the pulse-labelled cells for up to 6 h results in progressive decrease in EPFA-labelled diacyl PC, increase in AA- or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-labelled 1-O-alk-1-enyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (plasmalogen PE) and increase only in AA-labelled 1-O-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (alkyl PC). This redistribution of radiolabelled phospholipids is not altered by the presence of excess non-radiolabelled EPFAs. When aspirin-treated EPFA-labelled endothelial cells are stimulated with ionophore A23187, a very selective release of AA is noted in comparison with eicosatrienoate (ETA) or EPA, accompanied by an equivalent decrease in AA-labelled diacyl PC and specific increase in AA-labelled plasmalogen PE and alkyl PC. These selective changes in AA radioactivity induced by A23187 are enhanced 2-fold by pretreating the AA-labelled cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which by itself induces no changes. The changes in radioactivity induced by A23187 without and with phorbol ester among the released AA, the diacyl PC and the plasmalogen PE are significantly correlated with each other. These results indicate that human endothelial cells incorporate EPFAs (AA, ETA, EPA) equally into diacyl PC but selectively release AA esterified into diacyl PC with specific remodelling into plasmalogen PE and alkyl PC.

Sample site selection for tracer studies applying a unidirectional circulatory approach

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (2) ◽  
pp. E173-E178 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Layman ◽  
R. R. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tracer Studies ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Circulatory Model ◽  
Plasma Leucine ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The optimal arterial or venous sites for infusion and sampling during isotopic tracer studies have not been established. This study determined the relationship of plasma and tissue enrichment (E) when isotopes were infused in an artery and sampled from a vein (av mode) or infused in a vein and sampled from an artery (va mode). Adult dogs were given primed constant infusions of [3-13C]lactate, [1-13C]leucine, and 14C-labeled bicarbonate. Simultaneous samples were drawn from the vena cava, aortic arch, and breath. Tissue samples were removed from skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, and gut. Breath samples were analyzed for 14CO2 by liquid scintillation counting and plasma isotopic enrichments of [13C]lactate, [13C]leucine, and alpha-[13C]ketoisocaproate (KIC) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. By using the va mode, the plasma E for lactate and leucine were 30-40% above tissue E. The av mode provided an accurate reflection of tissue E for lactate, which equilibrates rapidly with tissues, and a reasonable estimate for leucine, which exchanges more slowly. The isotopic enrichment of plasma KIC more directly reflected tissue leucine E than did plasma leucine E, and KIC enrichment was insensitive to sampling site. We also evaluated theoretically a circulatory model that predicts venous isotopic enrichments when the va mode is used. We conclude that the av mode is optimal but that the problems arising from use of the va mode can be overcome by use of a metabolic product (i.e., KIC) or by calculation of venous specific activity with our circulatory mode.

scholarly journals Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides and Chlorobenzenes in Strawberries by Using Accelerated Solvent Extraction Combined with Sorptive Enrichment and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

2001 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 1194-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luise Wennrich ◽  
Peter Popp ◽  
Gábor Köller ◽  
Jürgen Breuste
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Accelerated Solvent Extraction ◽  
Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Abstract An analytical scheme for the determination of several organochlorine pesticides like hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and DDX compounds (p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD, and p,p′-DDT) as well as chlorobenzenes in strawberries has been developed. The procedure is based on aqueous accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) followed by solidphase microextraction (SPME) or stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) and subsequent thermodesorption–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. A 65 μm polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene fiber was chosen for the SPME experiments. Significant SPME and ASE parameters were optimized using spiked water and strawberry samples. For the ASE of the organochlorine compounds, a water–acetone mixture (90 + 10, v/v) as the extraction solvent, an extraction temperature of 120°C, and 2 cycles of 10 min extraction proved optimal. The developed method was evaluated with respect to precision and limits of detection (LOD). The relative standard deviations of replicate ASE–SPME determinations (n = 5) were in the range of 4–24%. LOD values between 1 and 10 μ g/kg were achieved with the exception of DDT and DDE (40 μg/kg). Using SBSE, the LOD of these compounds could be improved (2 and 5 μg/kg). The main advantages of this method are the avoidance of cleanup and concentration procedures as well as the significant reduction of the required volume of organic solvents. The described method was applied to the determination of the pollutants in strawberry samples collected from different allotment gardens in a potentially polluted area, the Bitterfeld-Wolfen region (Germany).

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