scholarly journals Confinement-induced transition between wave-like collective cell migration modes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanni Petrolli ◽  
Magali Le Goff ◽  
Monika Tadrous ◽  
Kirsten Martens ◽  
Cédric Allier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Mechanical Signaling

The structural and functional organization of biological tissues relies on the intricate interplay between chemical and mechanical signaling. Whereas the role of constant and transient mechanical perturbations is generally accepted, several studies recently highlighted the existence of long-range mechanical excitations (i.e., waves) at the supracellular level. Here, we confine epithelial cell mono-layers to quasi-one dimensional geometries, to force the establishment of tissue-level waves of well-defined wavelength and period. Numerical simulations based on a self-propelled Voronoi model reproduce the observed waves and exhibit a phase transition between a global and a multi-nodal wave, controlled by the confinement size. We confirm experimentally the existence of such a phase transition, and show that wavelength and period are independent of the confinement length. Together, these results demonstrate the intrinsic origin of tissue oscillations, which could provide cells with a mechanism to accurately measure distances at the supracellular level.

scholarly journals Hierarchical modeling of mechano-chemical dynamics of epithelial sheets across cells and tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshifumi Asakura ◽  
Yohei Kondo ◽  
Kazuhiro Aoki ◽  
Honda Naoki
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Continuum Model ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Chemical Signals ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
The Continuum ◽  
Cell Cell

AbstractCollective cell migration is a fundamental process in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. This is a macroscopic population-level phenomenon that emerges across hierarchy from microscopic cell-cell interactions; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we addressed this issue by focusing on epithelial collective cell migration, driven by the mechanical force regulated by chemical signals of traveling ERK activation waves, observed in wound healing. We propose a hierarchical mathematical framework for understanding how cells are orchestrated through mechanochemical cell-cell interaction. In this framework, we mathematically transformed a particle-based model at the cellular level into a continuum model at the tissue level. The continuum model described relationships between cell migration and mechanochemical variables, namely, ERK activity gradients, cell density, and velocity field, which could be compared with live-cell imaging data. Through numerical simulations, the continuum model recapitulated the ERK wave-induced collective cell migration in wound healing. We also numerically confirmed a consistency between these two models. Thus, our hierarchical approach offers a new theoretical platform to reveal a causality between macroscopic tissue-level and microscopic cellular-level phenomena. Furthermore, our model is also capable of deriving a theoretical insight on both of mechanical and chemical signals, in the causality of tissue and cellular dynamics.

Role of the Kinetic Relation in a Phase Transition-Based Model for Mechanical Unfolding in Macromolecules

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritwik Raj ◽  
Prashant K. Purohit
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Metastable States ◽  
Force Extension ◽  
Kinetic Relation ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Applied Tension ◽  
Thermodynamic Driving Force ◽  
Macro Molecule

We present applications of a model developed to describe unfolding in macromolecules under an axial force. We show how different experimentally observed force-extension behaviors can be reproduced within a common theoretical framework. We propose that the unfolding occurs via the motion of a folded/unfolded interface along the length of the molecule. The molecules are modeled as one-dimensional continua capable of existing in two metastable states under an applied tension. The interface separates these two metastable states and represents a jump in stretch, which is related to applied force by the worm-like-chain relation. The mechanics of the interface are governed by the Abeyaratne-Knowles theory of phase transitions. The thermodynamic driving force controls the motion of the interface via an equation called the kinetic relation. By choosing an appropriate kinetic relation for the unfolding conditions and the macro-molecule under consideration, we have been able to generate a variety of unfolding processes in macromolecules.

scholarly journals Unleashing shear: Role of intercellular traction and cellular moments in collective cell migration

2020 ◽  
Vol 522 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285
Author(s):  
Neel G. Patel ◽  
Alyson Nguyen ◽  
Ningyong Xu ◽  
Shivani Ananthasekar ◽  
Diego F. Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Collective Cell Migration

scholarly journals Tissue self-organization based on collective cell migration by contact activation of locomotion and chemotaxis

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (10) ◽  
pp. 4291-4296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taihei Fujimori ◽  
Akihiko Nakajima ◽  
Nao Shimada ◽  
Satoshi Sawai
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Movement ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Cell Contact ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Contact Activation ◽  
Membrane Recruitment ◽  
Cell Rearrangement ◽  
Cell Protrusion ◽  
Cell Cell

Despite their central role in multicellular organization, navigation rules that dictate cell rearrangement remain largely undefined. Contact between neighboring cells and diffusive attractant molecules are two of the major determinants of tissue-level patterning; however, in most cases, molecular and developmental complexity hinders one from decoding the exact governing rules of individual cell movement. A primordial example of tissue patterning by cell rearrangement is found in the social amoebaDictyostelium discoideumwhere the organizing center or the “tip” self-organizes as a result of sorting of differentiating prestalk and prespore cells. By employing microfluidics and microsphere-based manipulation of navigational cues at the single-cell level, here we uncovered a previously overlooked mode ofDictyosteliumcell migration that is strictly directed by cell–cell contact. The cell–cell contact signal is mediated by E-set Ig-like domain-containing heterophilic adhesion molecules TgrB1/TgrC1 that act in trans to induce plasma membrane recruitment of the SCAR complex and formation of dendritic actin networks, and the resulting cell protrusion competes with those induced by chemoattractant cAMP. Furthermore, we demonstrate that both prestalk and prespore cells can protrude toward the contact signal as well as to chemotax toward cAMP; however, when given both signals, prestalk cells orient toward the chemoattractant, whereas prespore cells choose the contact signal. These data suggest a model of cell sorting by competing juxtacrine and diffusive cues, each with potential to drive its own mode of collective cell migration.

scholarly journals Collective cell migration in development

2016 ◽  
Vol 212 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Scarpa ◽  
Roberto Mayor
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Germ Layer ◽  
Collective Migration ◽  
Developmental Models ◽  
Border Cell ◽  
Guidance Cues ◽  
Tracheal Branching

During embryonic development, tissues undergo major rearrangements that lead to germ layer positioning, patterning, and organ morphogenesis. Often these morphogenetic movements are accomplished by the coordinated and cooperative migration of the constituent cells, referred to as collective cell migration. The molecular and biomechanical mechanisms underlying collective migration of developing tissues have been investigated in a variety of models, including border cell migration, tracheal branching, blood vessel sprouting, and the migration of the lateral line primordium, neural crest cells, or head mesendoderm. Here we review recent advances in understanding collective migration in these developmental models, focusing on the interaction between cells and guidance cues presented by the microenvironment and on the role of cell–cell adhesion in mechanical and behavioral coupling of cells within the collective.

M1702 the Role of Connexin-43 in Intestinal Epithelial Cell Migration

2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. A-413-A-414
Author(s):  
Lizbeth R. Lockwood ◽  
Stephanie N. Spohn ◽  
Russell Becker ◽  
Mark M. Kadrofske
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Connexin 43 ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cell ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Cell Migration

scholarly journals P-cadherin promotes collective cell migration via a Cdc42-mediated increase in mechanical forces

2016 ◽  
Vol 212 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric Plutoni ◽  
Elsa Bazellieres ◽  
Maïlys Le Borgne-Rochet ◽  
Franck Comunale ◽  
Agusti Brugues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Cell Polarization ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Tumor Aggressiveness ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Cell Cell

Collective cell migration (CCM) is essential for organism development, wound healing, and metastatic transition, the primary cause of cancer-related death, and it involves cell–cell adhesion molecules of the cadherin family. Increased P-cadherin expression levels are correlated with tumor aggressiveness in carcinoma and aggressive sarcoma; however, how P-cadherin promotes tumor malignancy remains unknown. Here, using integrated cell biology and biophysical approaches, we determined that P-cadherin specifically induces polarization and CCM through an increase in the strength and anisotropy of mechanical forces. We show that this mechanical regulation is mediated by the P-cadherin/β-PIX/Cdc42 axis; P-cadherin specifically activates Cdc42 through β-PIX, which is specifically recruited at cell–cell contacts upon CCM. This mechanism of cell polarization and migration is absent in cells expressing E- or R-cadherin. Thus, we identify a specific role of P-cadherin through β-PIX–mediated Cdc42 activation in the regulation of cell polarity and force anisotropy that drives CCM.

scholarly journals Important role of collective cell migration and nerve fiber density in the development of deep nodular endometriosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 987-995.e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Orellana ◽  
Javier García-Solares ◽  
Jacques Donnez ◽  
Olivier van Kerk ◽  
Marie-Madeleine Dolmans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Fiber Density ◽  
Nerve Fiber Density
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