scholarly journals Detailed analysis of paternal knockout Grb10 mice suggests effects on stability of social behavior, rather than social dominance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kira D. A. Rienecker ◽  
Alexander T. Chavasse ◽  
Kim Moorwood ◽  
Andrew Ward ◽  
Anthony R. Isles
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Social Behaviors ◽  
Paternal Allele ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dominance Behavior ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Tube Test ◽  
Test Behavior ◽  
Dominance Strategies

ABSTRACTImprinted genes are highly expressed in monoaminergic regions of the midbrain and their functions in this area are thought to have an impact on mammalian social behaviors. One such imprinted gene is Grb10, of which the paternal allele is currently recognized as mediating social dominance behavior. However, there has been no detailed study of social dominance in Grb10+/p mice. Moreover, the original study examined tube-test behavior in isolated mice 10 months of age. Isolation testing favors more territorial and aggressive behaviors, and does not address social dominance strategies employed in group housing contexts. Furthermore, isolation stress impacts midbrain function and dominance related behavior, often through alterations in monoaminergic signaling. Thus, we undertook a systematic study of Grb10+/p social rank and dominance behavior within the cage group, using a number of convergent behavioral tests. We examined both male and female mice to account for sex differences, and tested cohorts aged 2, 6, and 10 months to examine any developments related to age. We found group-housed Grb10+/p mice do not show evidence of enhanced social dominance, but cages containing Grb10+/p and wildtype mice lacked the normal correlation between three different measures of social rank. Moreover, a separate study indicated isolation stress induced inconsistent changes in tube test behavior. Taken together, these data suggest future research on Grb10+/p mice should focus on on the stability of social behaviors, rather than dominance per se.

scholarly journals A cortical-hypothalamic circuit decodes social rank and promotes dominance behavior

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Padilla-Coreano ◽  
Kanha Batra ◽  
Makenzie Patarino ◽  
Zexin Chen ◽  
Rachel Rock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Dominance Behavior ◽  
Social Competition ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Brain

Abstract How do we know our social rank? Most social species, from insects to humans, self-organize into social dominance hierarchies (1–4). The establishment of social ranks serves to decrease aggression, conserve energy, and maximize survival for the entire group (5–8). Despite dominance behaviors being critical for successful interactions and ultimately, survival, we have only begun to learn how the brain represents social rank (9–12) and guides behavior based on this representation. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been implicated in the expression of social dominance in rodents (10,11), and in social rank learning in humans (13,14). Yet precisely how the mPFC encodes rank and which circuits mediate this computation is not known. We developed a trial-based social competition assay in which mice compete for rewards, as well as a computer vision tool to track multiple, unmarked animals. With the development of a deep learning computer vision tool (AlphaTracker) and wireless electrophysiology recording devices, we have established a novel platform to facilitate quantitative examination of how the brain gives rise to social behaviors. We describe nine behavioral states during social competition that were accurately decoded from mPFC ensemble activity using a hidden Markov model combined with generalized linear models (HMM-GLM). Population dynamics in the mPFC were predictive of social rank and competitive success. This population-level rank representation translated into differences in the individual cell responses to task-relevant events across ranks. Finally, we demonstrate that mPFC cells that project to the lateral hypothalamus contribute to the prediction of social rank and promote dominance behavior during the reward competition. Thus, we reveal a cortico-hypothalamic circuit by which mPFC exerts top-down modulation of social dominance.

scholarly journals How Narcissism Shapes Responses to Antisocial and Prosocial Behavior: Hypo-Responsiveness or Hyper-Responsiveness?

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110072
Author(s):  
Jiafang Chen ◽  
Barbara Nevicka ◽  
Astrid C. Homan ◽  
Gerben A. van Kleef
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Behaviors ◽  
Moral Character ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Reward And Punishment

Narcissists have a relatively higher proclivity for displaying antisocial rather than prosocial behaviors, suggesting a comparatively higher tendency for unfavorably impacting societies. However, maintenance of social order also depends on appropriate responses to others’ social behavior. Once we focus on narcissists as observers rather than actors, their impact on social functioning becomes less clear-cut. Theoretical arguments suggest that narcissists could be either hypo-responsive or hyper-responsive to others’ social behavior. Across four studies, we examined narcissists’ responsiveness to variations in others’ antisocial and prosocial behaviors. Results showed that narcissists differentiated less between others’ antisociality/prosociality, as reflected in their subsequent moral character evaluations (Studies 1–4) and reward and punishment (Studies 3 and 4). These results suggest that narcissists are hypo-responsive to others’ social behaviors. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Septal forebrain lesions and social dominance behavior in the hooded rat

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 207-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Bunnell ◽  
J. R. Bemporad ◽  
Carol K. Flesher
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Dominance Behavior

scholarly journals Increased Conformity to Social Hierarchy Under Public Eyes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daeeun Kim ◽  
JuYoung Kim ◽  
Hackjin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Fear Of Negative Evaluation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Individual Preferences ◽  
The Social

Why would people conform more to others with higher social positions? People may place higher confidence in the opinions of those who rank higher in the social hierarchy, or they may wish to make better impressions on people of higher social status. We investigated how individual preferences for novel stimuli are influenced by the preferences of others in the social hierarchy and whether anonymity affects such preference changes. After manipulation of their social rank, participants were asked to indicate how much they liked or disliked a series of images. Then, they were shown the rating given to each image by a partner (either inferior or superior in social rank) and were given a chance to adjust their ratings. The participants were more likely to change their preferences to match those of a superior partner in the public vs. private condition. The tendency to conform to the views of the superior partner was stronger among those with higher social dominance orientation (SDO) and those with greater fear of negative evaluation (FNE) by others. Altogether, the findings suggest that the motivation to make better impressions on people of higher social status can be the major driver of conformity to others with higher social positions.

Social Dominance and Leadership

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Martin ◽  
Yotam Heineberg
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Leadership Capacity ◽  
Negative Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship

Leadership is usually a mandatory component of business education. Here we used the model of transformational leadership, and operationalized leadership consistently with the Values in Action Leadership scale. Social dominance orientation is a hierarchical belief-system that attributes social rank, ranging from high to low. Business students have been found to have higher levels of Social Dominance Orientation (SDO. Accordingly, 371 working business students were sampled to establish the relationship between SDO and transformational leadership capacity. The mediational impact of compassion was assessed. This study found high levels of competitive and hierarchical world conceptualization was significantly and sometimes strongly negatively linked to these constructs (Martin et al., 2014). We also discuss preliminary results of an interpersonal compassion-based intervention. The research suggests the opportunity to broaden psychological well-being of employees with impactful interventions, since negative behaviors within an institution can raise healthcare costs and lower job performance.

scholarly journals The Enigma of Gender Differences in an Environment-Behavior-Health Model of Elderly People: The Choice Between Individually and Sociality

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3483
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Zheng ◽  
Junling Gao ◽  
Ye Yang
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Social Ecology ◽  
Social Behaviors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Behavior Health

Gender difference in the health of elderly people has become an important perspective to consider when studying their health. However, the gender differences in terms of “environment–behavior–health” from the social ecology perspective remain unknown. On the basis of survey data from Shanghai, China, including 2839 samples, this study explored the gender differences of outdoor environment–behavior–activity ability in elderly people from two aspects of the mean value of variables and the path relationship, utilizing the structural equation model analysis method combined with social ecology theory. The results showed that, at the level of the mean of variables, the elderly males had significantly higher mean values than the females in terms of individual behaviors, but had significantly lower values in terms of social behaviors. At the level of path relationships, there were similarities in that the health of elderly males was more likely to be affected by individual factors, whereas that of the females was more effected by social factors. Through the great positive effect of the high-level social behaviors, the health of the elderly females was progressively promoted. The study provided some useful insights for future research, aiming at promoting gender-sensitive urban design.

scholarly journals “Don’t Get Above Yourself ”: Heterosexual Cross-Class Couples Are Viewed Less Favorably

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-66
Author(s):  
Cara C. MacInnis ◽  
Elena Buliga
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
System Justification ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
High Class ◽  
System Justification Theory ◽  
Cross Education ◽  
Class Woman

We examined perceptions of cross-class heterosexual couples, that is, couples where couple members differ in social class. Informed by social dominance theory, system justification theory, and equity theory, we predicted that (a) cross- (vs. same-) class couples would be perceived more negatively, (b) cross-class couples with the woman (vs. the man) in the higher class position would be evaluated more negatively, and (c) same-class low-low (vs. high-high) couples would be evaluated more negatively. We examined perceptions of cross-income, cross-education, and cross-occupation status relationships. We found support for our predicted patterns, with some exceptions. In general, high-high class couples were preferred. In three of four studies, a higher-class woman paired with a lower-class man was evaluated most negatively of all couples. Recognition of this prejudice may explain challenges faced by certain couples and couple members; as such, implications for clinicians and counselors are discussed. Further, our research generates directions for future research. Additional online materials for this article are available on PWQ’s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684319878459

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