scholarly journals The study on the mechanism of “oil-spilling” of wolfberry (Lycium barbarum)fruits during storage

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Wang ◽  
Suqin Xiong ◽  
Youping Liu ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Hongping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Oxygen Free Radical ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Oil Spilling

Improper storage of wolfberry fruit is liable to soften, discoloration and adhesion, we call it “oil-spilling”. The purpose of the study is to explore the mechanism of “oil-spilling” of wolfberry fruits during storage. In our study, the relationship between water content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the cross section, epidermal cells of wolfberry fruit were studied during storage. Results showed that wolfberry fruits began to “oil-spilling” on the 20th day, and with the extension of storage time, the degree of “oil-spilling” gradually deepened, the content of water increased and the activity of POD decreased, and the content of MDA increased. It suggested that “oil-spilling” was the result of improper external storage conditions, which it could promote the increase of water content and reactive oxygen free radical of wolfberry fruit, and lead to damage of cell structure and function and lipid peroxidation of cell membrane. The results explain the mechanism of “oil-spilling” and provide a strong basis for the establishment of scientific storage methods of wolfberry fruit.

scholarly journals Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma N-Cadherin in Alzheimer Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-492
Author(s):  
Ji-Young Choi ◽  
Sun-Jung Cho ◽  
Jung Hyun Park ◽  
Sang-Moon Yun ◽  
Chulman Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Postmortem Brain ◽  
Terminal Fragment ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract N-cadherin is a synaptic adhesion molecule stabilizing synaptic cell structure and function. Cleavage of N-cadherin by γ-secretase produces a C-terminal fragment, which is increased in the brains of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients. Here, we investigated the relationship between fluid N-cadherin levels and AD pathology. We first showed that the cleaved levels of N-cadherin were increased in homogenates of postmortem brain from AD patients compared with that in non-AD patients. We found that cleaved N-cadherin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid were increased in AD dementia compared with that in healthy control. ELISA results revealed that plasma levels of N-cadherin in 76 patients with AD were higher than those in 133 healthy control subjects. The N-cadherin levels in the brains of an AD mouse model, APP Swedish/PS1delE9 Tg (APP Tg) were reduced compared with that in control. The N-terminal fragment of N-cadherin produced by cleavage at a plasma membrane was detected extravascularly, accumulated in senile plaques in the cortex of an APP Tg mouse. In addition, N-cadherin plasma levels were increased in APP Tg mice. Collectively, our study suggests that alteration of N-cadherin levels might be associated with AD pathology.

Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy and its Applications in Nanobiology and Nanomedicine

2009 ◽  
Vol 60-61 ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ping Liu ◽  
Yun Dou Wang ◽  
Yan Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Probe Microscopy ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Ion Conductance ◽  
New Era ◽  
Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

In cell biology and medicine study, continuous high spatial resolution observations of living cells would greatly aid the elucidation of the relationship between structure and function of cells. The development of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) has opened up a new era of life science and has been used to develop a family of related methods that allow studying of cell structure and function on nanometer scale. Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) is a new member of such SPM family and can be used to obtain high-resolution non-contact images of the surface of live cells under physiological conditions, and hence allows the relationship between cell microstructure and function to be probed. In this review, we concisely introduce the principles of SICM and its applications in nanobiology and nanomedicine.

Role of oxygen free radical species in in vitro models of proximal tubular ischemia

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (1) ◽  
pp. F114-F125 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Borkan ◽  
J. H. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Oxygen Free Radical ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Radical Species ◽  
Free Radical Species ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
The Relationship

Lipid peroxidation (LP) of cell membranes by oxygen free radical species (OFRS) during reflow may be a mechanism for progressive proximal tubule injury after ischemia. We examined the relationship between tubule function and an endproduct of LP, malondialdehyde (MDA), in two in vitro models using a suspension of rat proximal tubule segments (PTS). Exposure of PTS to tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP), a potent oxidant, induced dose-dependent decrements in the PTS respiration (QO2) but was associated with a progressive increase in MDA. The relationship between increasing doses of tBHP, QO2, and MDA content, as well as that between MDA and QO2 were highly correlated (r greater than or equal to 0.89, n = 6). Dithiothreitol (1 mM), a sulfhydryl reagent, prevented the tBHP-induced changes in both QO2 and LP. In the second model, 45-min O2 deprivation followed by 30 min of reoxygenation produced similar decrements in QO2 as did 0.75 mM tBHP but without a rise in MDA (n = 9). Mitochondria isolated from ischemic PTS had a 49 +/- 8.2% decrement in state III respiration (P less than 0.006, n = 4) but their MDA content was unchanged. Furthermore, allopurinol, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, agents that reduce tissue OFRS, did not attenuate ischemic tubular injury (n = 9). These results suggest that OFRS do not mediate transient O2 deprivation injury to the proximal tubule.

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) of DNA and RNA

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Patricia G. Arscott ◽  
Gil Lee ◽  
Victor A. Bloomfield ◽  
D. Fennell Evans
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Calf Thymus ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

STM is one of the most promising techniques available for visualizing the fine details of biomolecular structure. It has been used to map the surface topography of inorganic materials in atomic dimensions, and thus has the resolving power not only to determine the conformation of small molecules but to distinguish site-specific features within a molecule. That level of detail is of critical importance in understanding the relationship between form and function in biological systems. The size, shape, and accessibility of molecular structures can be determined much more accurately by STM than by electron microscopy since no staining, shadowing or labeling with heavy metals is required, and there is no exposure to damaging radiation by electrons. Crystallography and most other physical techniques do not give information about individual molecules.We have obtained striking images of DNA and RNA, using calf thymus DNA and two synthetic polynucleotides, poly(dG-me5dC)·poly(dG-me5dC) and poly(rA)·poly(rU).

Barley seed storage under controlled conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Zadorozhna ◽  
T. P. Shyianova ◽  
M.Yu. Skorokhodov
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage

Seed longevity of 76 spring barley gene pool samples (Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. distichon, convar. distichon: 56 nutans Schubl., two deficience (Steud.) Koern., two erectum Rode ex Shuebl., two medicum Koern.; convar. nudum (L.) A.Trof.: one nudum L. та subsp. vulgare: convar. vulgare: nine pallidum Ser., three rikotense Regel.; convar. coeleste (L.) A.Trof.: one coeleste (L.) A.Trof.) from 26 countries, 11 years and four places of reproduction was analyzed. Seeds with 5–8% moisture content were stored in chamber with unregulated and 4oC temperature. The possibility of seed storage under these conditions for at least 10 years without significant changes in germination has been established. The importance of meteorological conditions in the formation and ripening of seeds for their longevity is confirmed. The relationship between the decrease of barley seeds longevity and storage conditions, amount of rainfall, temperature regime during the growing season of plants is discussed.

Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja pada Praktikum Struktur dan Fungsi Sel Di SMA Negeri 1 Kota Jambi

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nugroho Budhiwaluyo ◽  
Rayandra Asyhar ◽  
Bambang Hariyadi
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Product Performance ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
And Function

  This research aims to produce a final product in the form of a performance-assessment instrument on Cell Structure and Function experiment. The development model is ADDIE. Based on expert's judgment, the instrument was valid and can be tested in the field. Field-test results shown that the product performs high validity and reliability value on measuring student performance on Cell Structure and Function experiment. Therefore, it is concluded that this performance-assessment instrument theoretically and practically has a good quality for measuring student performance in both process and product performance on Cell Structure and Function experiment. Keywords: Development, Performance-Assessment Instrument, Cell Structure and Function Experiment 

Physicianship and the Rebirth of Medical Education

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Donald Boudreau ◽  
Eric Cassell ◽  
Abraham Fuks
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Patient Centeredness ◽  
Goals Of Medicine ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
William Osler ◽  
The Relationship

This book reimagines medical education and reconstructs its design. It originates from a reappraisal of the goals of medicine and the nature of the relationship between doctor and patient. The educational blueprint outlined is called the “Physicianship Curriculum” and rests on two linchpins. First is a new definition of sickness: Patients know themselves to be ill when they cannot pursue their purposes and goals in life because of impairments in functioning. This perspective represents a bulwark against medical attention shifting from patients to diseases. The curriculum teaches about patients as functional persons, from their anatomy to their social selves, starting in the first days of the educational program and continuing throughout. Their teaching also rests on the rock-solid grounding of medicine in the sciences and scientific understandings of disease and function. The illness definition and knowledge base together create a foundation for authentic patient-centeredness. Second, the training of physicians depends on and culminates in development of a unique professional identity. This is grounded in the historical evolution of the profession, reaching back to Hippocrates. It leads to reformulation of the educational process as clinical apprenticeships and moral mentorships. “Rebirth” in the title suggests that critical ingredients of medical education have previously been articulated. The book argues that the apprenticeship model, as experienced, enriched, taught, and exemplified by William Osler, constitutes a time-honored foundation. Osler’s “natural method of teaching the subject of medicine” is a precursor to the Physicianship Curriculum.

scholarly journals Direct measurement of stool consistency by texture analyzer and calculation of reference value in Belgian general population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunori Matsuda ◽  
Takuya Akiyama ◽  
Satoshi Tsujibe ◽  
Kaihei Oki ◽  
Agata Gawad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Stool Consistency ◽  
Texture Analyzer ◽  
Simple Protocol ◽  
Stool Form ◽  
Micro Systems ◽  
And Function

AbstractStool consistency is evaluated mainly in reference to indirect indicators such as water content or the appearance of stool forms using Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). Methods of measurement are limited. We thus aimed to develop a simple protocol for direct measurement of stool consistency using the TA.XTExpress Texture Analyser (Stable Micro Systems Ltd.). We developed a protocol which enables mechanical quantification of the gram-force against a cylindrical probe (ø 6 mm) pushed into the stool surface at 2.0 mm/s to 5 mm depth. The consistency of 252 stools collected from 40 healthy Belgians was evaluated by the direct method and by the indirect indicators (water content and BSFS) for comparison. The log-transformed stool consistency values measured by the texture analyzer had a negative linear correlation with the stool water contents (rrm = − 0.781) with homoscedastic variance, suggesting the appropriateness of the new protocol. They showed a similar correlation with the BSFS, but with a large variance in the consistency values of normal stool forms. This correlation was much smaller for BSFS scored by subjects (rrm = − 0.587) than by experts (rrm = − 0.789), collectively indicating BSFS as a rough indicator of stool consistency susceptible to subjective bias despite its effectiveness in clinical use. The optimized direct method using the texture analyzer enables the accurate quantification of stool consistency, which facilitates understanding of the intestinal environment and function and thus may enhance the value of the stool as a predictor of human health.

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