scholarly journals Biopurification system as a source of pesticide-tolerant bacteria able to degrade the commonly used pesticides chlorpyrifos and iprodione

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Diez ◽  
Claudio Lamilla ◽  
Bárbara Leiva ◽  
Marcela Levio ◽  
Pamela Donoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Ribosomal Gene ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Enzymatic Characterization ◽  
Biopurification System ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Achromobacter Sp ◽  
Soil And Water ◽  
Tof Ms

Intensive use of pesticides applied simultaneously in field to improve the effectiveness of pest control increase the environmental contamination, affecting the soil and water quality. Some of the commonly used pesticides are the insecticide chlorpyrifos and the fungicide iprodione; being thus critically essential to develop bioremediation methods to remove these contaminants by tolerant-bacteria. In this study we selected and characterized different pesticides-tolerant bacteria isolated from a biomixture of a biopurification system that had received continuous applications of a mixture of the pesticides chlorpyrifos and iprodione. Out of the 10 isolated bacterial colonies, only six strains presented adequate growth in presence of the both pesticides at 100 mg L-1. Biochemical and enzymatic characterization using API ZYM showed that all isolates (100%) were positive for esterase, leucine aminopeptidase, acid phosphatase, and naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase. According to the molecular level study of the 16S ribosomal gene and MALDI TOF/TOF MS, it was possible to determine that the isolated bacteria belong to the genera Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus and Achromobacter. Bacterial growth decreased proportionally (R2 > 0.96) as been as both pesticide concentrations increased from 10 to 100 mg L-1. Achromobacter sp. strain C1 showed the best chlorpyrifos removal (between 56–29%) after 120 h of incubation. On the other hand, the highest iprodione removal (between 91.2–98.9%) was observed for the Pseudomonas sp. strain C9, which was not detected after 48 h of incubation. According with their identification and ability to remove the contaminants, Achromobacter sp. strain C1 and Pseudomonas sp. strain C9 appear as promising microorganisms for their use in the treatment of matrices contaminated with chlorpyrifos, iprodione or their mixture. The results of this study will help to improve current technologies for the biodegradation of this commonly used insecticide and fungicide, in order to give a response to the problem of contamination by pesticides.

MALDI-TOF MS Reveals the Molecular Level Structures of Different Hydrophilic−Hydrophobic Polyether-esters†

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1540-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grazyna Adamus ◽  
Minna Hakkarainen ◽  
Anders Höglund ◽  
Marek Kowalczuk ◽  
Ann-Christine Albertsson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Level ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Tof Ms

BioF is a novel B2 metallo‐β‐lactamase from Pseudomonas sp. isolated from an on‐farm biopurification system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Hilario Cafiero ◽  
María Carla Martini ◽  
Mauricio Javier Lozano ◽  
Carolina Vacca ◽  
Antonio Lagares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Biopurification System ◽  
On Farm

scholarly journals Cellular, Biochemical, and Molecular Changes during Encystment of Free-Living Amoebae

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Fouque ◽  
Marie-Cécile Trouilhé ◽  
Vincent Thomas ◽  
Philippe Hartemann ◽  
Marie-Hélène Rodier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Differentiation Process ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Molecular Changes ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Soil And Water

ABSTRACTFree-living amoebae are protozoa found in soil and water. Among them, some are pathogenic and many have been described as potential reservoirs of pathogenic bacteria. Their cell cycle is divided into at least two forms, the trophozoite and the cyst, and the differentiation process is named encystment. As cysts are more resistant to disinfection treatments than trophozoites, many studies focused on encystment, but until recently, little was known about cellular, biochemical, and molecular modifications operating during this process. Important signals and signaling pathways at play during encystment, as well as cell responses at the molecular level, have been described. This review summarizes our knowledge and focuses on new findings.

scholarly journals Isolation of Potential Biosurfactant Producer from Oil Contaminated Soil and Water

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Ainihayati Abdul Rahim ◽  
Wan Nurul Hakimah Wan Azmi ◽  
Noor Azlina Ibrahim ◽  
Wan Nurul Iffan Sofea Wan Mohamad Safari ◽  
Khomaizon Abdul Kadir Pahirul Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Minimal Salt Medium ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Interfacial Tensions ◽  
Test Drop ◽  
Spreading Test ◽  
Soil And Water

Biosurfactants are extracellular macromolecules produced by bacteria, yeast, and fungi when grown on different carbon sources. It has the ability to reduce the surface tension of a liquid, interfacial tensions between two liquids and between a liquid and a solid. This study was conducted to isolate potential biosurfactant producers from oil-contaminated soil and water. Soil and water samples were obtained from the food court area in front of Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus. Isolation of biosurfactant producing bacteria was carried out on minimal salt medium (MSM) supplemented with palm oil as the sole carbon source. Five potential biosurfactant producers; WS2, WS4, WS5, SS2 and SS5 were successfully isolated and identified by 16S rRNA analysis. Isolate WS4, SS2 and SS5 showed the highest similarity to Klebsiella sp and the other two isolates, WS2 and SS5 showed the highest similarity to Pseudomonas sp. and Nanobacterium sp. respectively. While Klebsiella sp. and Pseudomonas sp. were reported as prevalent biosurfactant producer, no report is available on the production of biosurfactants by Nanobacterium sp. All isolates showed variation in biosurfactant characterization assays which are emulsification test, drop collapse test, oil spreading test, blood haemolysis and blue agar plate assay.

Degradation of atrazine by Pseudomonas sp. and Achromobacter sp. isolated from Brazilian agricultural soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Flavia Tonelli Fernandes ◽  
Vânia Santos Braz ◽  
Anelize Bauermeister ◽  
Jonas Augusto Rizzato Paschoal ◽  
Norberto Peporine Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Achromobacter Sp

scholarly journals Self-Propelled Motion Sensitive to the Chemical Structure of Amphiphilic Molecular Layer on an Aqueous Phase

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 885
Author(s):  
Muneyuki Matsuo ◽  
Hiromi Hashishita ◽  
Satoshi Nakata
Keyword(s):  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
The Self ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Molecular Layers ◽  
Tof Ms

Two novel amphiphiles, N-(3-nitrophenyl)stearamide (MANA) and N,N′-(4-nitro-1,3-phenylene)distearamide (OPANA), were synthesized by reacting nitroanilines with one or two equivalents of stearic acid. We investigated how the molecular structures of these compounds influenced the characteristics of a self-propelled camphor disk placed on a monolayer of the synthesized amphiphiles. Three types of motion were observed at different surface pressures (Π): continuous motion (Π < 4 mN m−1), deceleration (4 mN ≤ Π ≤ 20 mN m−1), and no motion (Π > 20 mN m−1). The speed of the motion of the camphor disks was inversely related to Π for both MANA and OPANA at the temperatures tested, when Π increased in the respective molecular layers under compression. The spectroscopic evidence from UV-Vis, NMR, and ESI-TOF-MS revealed that the dependence of the speed of the motion on Π originates from the intermolecular interactions that are present in the monolayers. This study suggests that it is possible to control the self-propelled motion by manipulating contributing factors at the molecular level.

Preparatory Procedures for Electron Microscopic Analysis at the Molecular Level of Resolution

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 516-520
Author(s):  
F.J. Sjostrand
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Obvious Reason

In the 1940's and 1950's electron microscopy conferences were attended with everybody interested in learning about the latest technical developments for one very obvious reason. There was the electron microscope with its outstanding performance but nobody could make very much use of it because we were lacking proper techniques to prepare biological specimens. The development of the thin sectioning technique with its perfectioning in 1952 changed the situation and systematic analysis of the structure of cells could now be pursued. Since then electron microscopists have in general become satisfied with the level of resolution at which cellular structures can be analyzed when applying this technique. There has been little interest in trying to push the limit of resolution closer to that determined by the resolving power of the electron microscope.

RNA polymerase: Preparation and structural analysis of helical polymers

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 152-153
Author(s):  
E. Loren Buhle ◽  
Pamela Rew ◽  
Ueli Aebi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Helical Polymers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ordered Arrays ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

While DNA-dependent RNA polymerase represents one of the key enzymes involved in transcription and ultimately in gene expression in procaryotic and eucaryotic cells, little progress has been made towards elucidation of its 3-D structure at the molecular level over the past few years. This is mainly because to date no 3-D crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis have been obtained with this rather large (MW ~500 kd) multi-subunit (α2ββ'ζ). As an alternative, we have been trying to form ordered arrays of RNA polymerase from E. coli suitable for structural analysis in the electron microscope combined with image processing. Here we report about helical polymers induced from holoenzyme (α2ββ'ζ) at low ionic strength with 5-7 mM MnCl2 (see Fig. 1a). The presence of the ζ-subunit (MW 86 kd) is required to form these polymers, since the core enzyme (α2ββ') does fail to assemble into such structures under these conditions.

The Current Situation in Chemical Stabilization of Biological Materials

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
John H. Luft
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Chemical Stabilization ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Radio Telescopes

With information processing devices such as radio telescopes, microscopes or hi-fi systems, the quality of the output often is limited by distortion or noise introduced at the input stage of the device. This analogy can be extended usefully to specimen preparation for the electron microscope; fixation, which initiates the processing sequence, is the single most important step and, unfortunately, is the least well understood. Although there is an abundance of fixation mixtures recommended in the light microscopy literature, osmium tetroxide and glutaraldehyde are favored for electron microscopy. These fixatives react vigorously with proteins at the molecular level. There is clear evidence for the cross-linking of proteins both by osmium tetroxide and glutaraldehyde and cross-linking may be a necessary if not sufficient condition to define fixatives as a class.

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