scholarly journals The biogenesis of CLEL peptides involves several processing events in consecutive compartments of the secretory pathway

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Stührwohldt ◽  
Stefan Scholl ◽  
Lisa Lang ◽  
Julia Katzenberger ◽  
Karin Schumacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Secretory Pathway ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Tyrosine Sulfation ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Stringent Control ◽  
Peptide Precursors ◽  
Modified Peptides ◽  
Proline Hydroxylation

AbstractPost-translationally modified peptides are involved in many aspects of plant growth and development. The maturation of these peptides from their larger precursors is still poorly understood. We show here that the biogenesis of CLEL6 and CLEL9 peptides in Arabidopsis thaliana requires a series of processing events in consecutive compartments of the secretory pathway. Following cleavage of the signal peptide upon entry into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the peptide precursors are processed in the cis-Golgi by the subtilase SBT6.1. SBT6.1-mediated cleavage within the variable domain allows for continued passage of the partially processed precursors through the secretory pathway, and is a prerequisite for subsequent post-translational modifications including tyrosine sulfation and proline hydroxylation within, and proteolytic maturation after exit from the Golgi. Activation by subtilase SBT3.8 in post-Golgi compartments depends on the N-terminal aspartate of the mature peptides. Our work highlights the complexity of post-translational precursor maturation allowing for stringent control of peptide biogenesis.

scholarly journals The biogenesis of CLEL peptides involves several processing events in consecutive compartments of the secretory pathway

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Stührwohldt ◽  
Stefan Scholl ◽  
Lisa Lang ◽  
Julia Katzenberger ◽  
Karin Schumacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Secretory Pathway ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Tyrosine Sulfation ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Stringent Control ◽  
Peptide Precursors ◽  
Modified Peptides ◽  
Proline Hydroxylation

Post-translationally modified peptides are involved in many aspects of plant growth and development. The maturation of these peptides from their larger precursors is still poorly understood. We show here that the biogenesis of CLEL6 and CLEL9 peptides in Arabidopsis thaliana requires a series of processing events in consecutive compartments of the secretory pathway. Following cleavage of the signal peptide upon entry into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the peptide precursors are processed in the cis-Golgi by the subtilase SBT6.1. SBT6.1-mediated cleavage within the variable domain allows for continued passage of the partially processed precursors through the secretory pathway, and for subsequent post-translational modifications including tyrosine sulfation and proline hydroxylation within, and proteolytic maturation after exit from the Golgi. Activation by subtilases including SBT3.8 in post-Golgi compartments depends on the N-terminal aspartate of the mature peptides. Our work highlights the complexity of post-translational precursor maturation allowing for stringent control of peptide biogenesis.

Into the Evening: Complex Interactions in the Arabidopsis circadian clock

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Huang ◽  
Dmitri A. Nusinow
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Interacting Proteins ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Direct Regulation

AbstractIn Arabidopsis thaliana, an assembly of proteins named the evening complex (EC) has been established as an essential component of the circadian clock with conserved functions in regulating plant growth and development. Recent studies identifying EC-regulated genes and EC-interacting proteins have expanded our understanding of EC function. In this review, we focus on new progress uncovering how the EC contributes to the circadian network through the integration of environmental inputs and the direct regulation of key clock genes. We also summarize new findings of how the EC directly regulates clock outputs, such as day-length dependent and thermoresponsive growth, and provide new perspectives on future experiments to address unsolved questions related to the EC.

Arabidopsis thaliana TBP-associated factor 5 is essential for plant growth and development

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niki Mougiou ◽  
Stylianos Poulios ◽  
Athanasios Kaldis ◽  
Konstantinos E. Vlachonasios
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Associated Factor

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification of HSF family in peach and functional analysis of PpHSF5 involvement in root and aerial organ development

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10961
Author(s):  
Bin Tan ◽  
Liu Yan ◽  
Huannan Li ◽  
Xiaodong Lian ◽  
Jun Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Multiple Alignment ◽  
Heat Shock Factors ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Peach Genome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Length Changes

Background Heat shock factors (HSFs) play important roles during normal plant growth and development and when plants respond to diverse stressors. Although most studies have focused on the involvement of HSFs in the response to abiotic stresses, especially in model plants, there is little research on their participation in plant growth and development or on the HSF (PpHSF) gene family in peach (Prunus persica). Methods DBD (PF00447), the HSF characteristic domain, was used to search the peach genome and identify PpHSFs. Phylogenetic, multiple alignment and motif analyses were conducted using MEGA 6.0, ClustalW and MEME, respectively. The function of PpHSF5 was confirmed by overexpression of PpHSF5 into Arabidopsis. Results Eighteen PpHSF genes were identified within the peach genome. The PpHSF genes were nonuniformly distributed on the peach chromosomes. Seventeen of the PpHSFs (94.4%) contained one or two introns, except PpHSF18, which contained three introns. The in silico-translated PpHSFs were classified into three classes (PpHSFA, PpHSFB and PpHSFC) based on multiple alignment, motif analysis and phylogenetic comparison with HSFs from Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. Dispersed gene duplication (DSD at 67%) mainly contributed to HSF gene family expansion in peach. Promoter analysis showed that the most common cis-elements were the MYB (abiotic stress response), ABRE (ABA-responsive) and MYC (dehydration-responsive) elements. Transcript profiling of 18 PpHSFs showed that the expression trend of PpHSF5 was consistent with shoot length changes in the cultivar ‘Zhongyoutao 14’. Further analysis of the PpHSF5 was conducted in 5-year-old peach trees, Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana, respectively. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed that PpHSF5 was expressed predominantly in young vegetative organs (leaf and apex). Subcellular localization revealed that PpHSF5 was located in the nucleus in N. benthamiana cells. Two transgenic Arabidopsis lines were obtained that overexpressed PpHSF5. The root length and the number of lateral roots in the transgenic seedlings were significantly less than in WT seedlings and after cultivation for three weeks. The transgenic rosettes were smaller than those of the WT at 2–3 weeks. The two transgenic lines exhibited a dwarf phenotype three weeks after transplanting, although there was no significant difference in the number of internodes. Moreover, the PpHSF5-OE lines exhibited enhanced thermotolerance. These results indicated that PpHSF5 might be act as a suppresser of growth and development of root and aerial organs.

scholarly journals Identification of Potential Auxin-Responsive Small Signaling Peptides through a Peptidomics Approach in Arabidopsis thaliana

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 3146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weigui Luo ◽  
Yuan Xiao ◽  
Qiwen Liang ◽  
Yi Su ◽  
Langtao Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Protoplasts ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Technical Challenge ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Defective Mutant ◽  
Optimized Protocol ◽  
Signaling Peptides

Small signaling peptides (SSPs) are a class of short peptides playing critical roles in plant growth and development. SSPs are also involved in the phytohormone signaling pathway. However, identification of mature SSPs is still a technical challenge because of their extremely low concentrations in plant tissue and complicated interference by many other metabolites. Here, we report an optimized protocol to extract SSPs based on protoplast extraction and to analyze SSPs based on tandem mass spectrometry peptidomics. Using plant protoplasts as the material, soluble peptides were directly extracted into phosphate buffer. The interference of non-signaling peptides was significantly decreased. Moreover, we applied the protocol to identify potential SSPs in auxin treated wild type and auxin biosynthesis defective mutant yuc2yuc6. Over 100 potential SSPs showed a response to auxin in Arabidopsis thaliana.

scholarly journals Effects of AtSPS on the Growth and Development of Arabidopsis thaliana under Abiotic Stress

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Bao-Zhen Zhao ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Zhi Yang ◽  
Qi Ding ◽  
Na Cui
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Insertion Mutant ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Dna Insertion

Aims: SPS (Sucrose phosphate synthase) participates in plant growth and yield formation, and plays an important role in plant stress resistance. This study used T-DNA insertion mutant of AtSPS in Arabidopsis as test material. The growth indexes and soluble sugar contents of Arabidopsis thaliana under salt stress, osmotic stress and low temperature stress were determined, which laid the foundation for further understanding the mechanism of SPS in plant growth and development and abiotic stress resistance. Study Design: In order to analyze the mechanism of SPS in plant growth and development and abiotic stress resistance, this study used T-DNA insertion mutant of AtSPS in Arabidopsis as test material. The growth indexes and soluble sugar contents of Arabidopsis thaliana under salt stress, osmotic stress and low temperature stress were determined. Place and Duration of Study: College of Biological Science and Technology, between December 2020 and May 2021. Methodology: The contents of soluble sugar in tomato fruits were measured with HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography). The growth indexes were determined. Results: The results showed that AtSPS played positive regulation roles in seed germination and seedling growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. However, under abiotic stress conditions, AtSPS mutant increased the contents of soluble sugar, suggesting that Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings might improve resistance through osmotic regulating substances. Conclusion: AtSPS played positive regulation roles in seed germination and seedling growth of Arabidopsis. Meanwhile, AtSPS mutant increased the contents of soluble sugar to increase resistance of Arabidopsis under abiotic stresses, and the growth and development were blocked, suggesting that SPS was negative regulatory element to resist abiotic stress.

Diketopiperazine Modulates Arabidopsis thaliana Root System Architecture by Promoting Interactions of Auxin Receptor TIR1 and IAA7/17 Proteins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lujun Yin ◽  
Xiaodong Chen ◽  
Q i Chen ◽  
Dongqing Wei ◽  
Xiang-Yang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Auxin Receptor

ABSTRACT Plants can detect the quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecules of microorganisms, such as amino acids, fat derivatives and diketopiperazines (DKPs), thus allowing the exchange information to promote plant growth and development. Here, we evaluated the effects of 12 synthesized DKPs on Arabidopsis thaliana roots and studied their underlying mechanisms of action. Results showed that, as QS signal molecules, the DKPs promoted lateral root development and root hair formation in A.thaliana to differing degrees. The DKPs enhanced the polar transport of the plant hormone auxin from the shoot to root and triggered the auxin-responsive protein IAA7/17 to decrease the auxin response factor, leading to the accumulation of auxin at the root tip and accelerated root growth. In addition, the DKPs induced the development of lateral roots and root hair in the A. thaliana root system architecture via interference with auxin receptor transporter inhibitor response protein 1 (TIR1). A series of TIR1 sites that potentially interact with DKPs were also predicted using molecular docking analysis. Mutations of these sites inhibited the phosphorylation of TIR1 after DKP treatment, thereby inhibiting lateral root formation, especially TIR1-1 site. This study identified several DKP signal molecules in the QS system that can promote the expression of auxin response factors ARF7/19 via interactions of TIR1 and IAA7/17 proteins, thus promoting plant growth and development.

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