scholarly journals Measuring hospital spatial wingspan by using a discrete choice model with utility-threshold

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saley Issa ◽  
Ribatet Mathieu ◽  
Molinari Nicolas
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Mcmc Methods ◽  
Hospital Competition ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
The One

AbstractPolicy makers increasingly rely on hospital competition to incentivize patients to choose high-value care. Travel distance is one of the most important drivers of patients’ decision. The paper presents a method to numerically measure, for a given hospital, the distance beyond which no patient is expected to choose the hospital for treatment by using a new approach in discrete choice models. To illustrate, we compared 3 hospitals attractiveness related to this distance for asthma patients admissions in 2009 in Hérault (France), showing, as expected, CHU Montpellier is the one with the most important spatial wingspan. For estimation, Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) methods are used.

scholarly journals Mode choice analysis using discrete choice model from transport user (Case study: Jakarta LRT, Indonesia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Dwi Novi Wulansari ◽  
Milla Dwi Astari
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Choice Models ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Choice Analysis ◽  
Mode Choice Model

Jakarta Light Rail Transit (Jakarta LRT) has been planned to be built as one of mass rail-based public transportation system in DKI Jakarta. The objective of this paper is to obtain a mode choice models that can explain the probability of choosing Jakarta LRT, and to estimate the sensitivity of mode choice if the attribute changes. Analysis of the research conducted by using discrete choice models approach to the behavior of individuals. Choice modes were observed between 1) Jakarta LRT and TransJakarta Bus, 2) Jakarta LRT and KRL-Commuter Jabodetabek. Mode choice model used is the Binomial Logit Model. The research data obtained through Stated Preference (SP) techniques. The model using the attribute influences such as tariff, travel time, headway and walking time. The models obtained are reliable and validated. Based on the results of the analysis shows that the most sensitive attributes affect the mode choice model is the tariff.

scholarly journals A DISCRETE CHOICE MODEL FOR FIRM LOCATION DECISION

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noordini Che Man ◽  
Harry Timmerman
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Location Decisions ◽  
Firm Location ◽  
Suitability Analysis ◽  
Choice Data ◽  
Business District

Where to locate? It is one of the most important question in locating a business in a city. In the city center, business or firms are functioning as a dominant attractor of employment and also employment locations which linked the land use and transportation system. The objective of this paper is to describe the location model of firms in Kuala Lumpur area. Two important determinants of location choice model in this study are the accessibility measures and the suitability analysis indicators. The model focuses on the statistical technique for analyzing discrete choice data by using econometric and Geographic Information System software. The findings in this paper show that agriculture, mining, electricity, gas and water, transport and finance firms' type are mostly located outside of Kuala Lumpur's Central Business District area. Meanwhile, manufacturing, construction and wholesale firms' type are located in the Central Business District area. The result of this study will highlight the use of discrete choice models in the analysis of firm location decisions which will be a foundation to facilitate town planners and decision makers to understand the firm location decisions in their region.

Pricing Competition Under Specific Discrete Choice Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 2050008
Author(s):  
Farhad Etebari
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Multinomial Logit ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Nested Logit ◽  
Nested Logit Model ◽  
Substitution Pattern

Recent developments of information technology have increased market’s competitive pressure and products’ prices turned to be paramount factor for customers’ choices. These challenges influence traditional revenue management models and force them to shift from quantity-based to price-based techniques and incorporate individuals’ decisions within optimization models during pricing process. Multinomial logit model is the simplest and most popular discrete choice model, which suffers from an independence of irrelevant alternatives limitation. Empirical results demonstrate inadequacy of this model for capturing choice probability in the itinerary share models. The nested logit model, which appeared a few years after the multinomial logit, incorporates more realistic substitution pattern by relaxing this limitation. In this paper, a model of game theory is developed for two firms which customers choose according to the nested logit model. It is assumed that the real-time inventory levels of all firms are public information and the existence of Nash equilibrium is demonstrated. The firms adapt their prices by market conditions in this competition. The numerical experiments indicate decreasing firm’s price level simultaneously with increasing correlation among alternatives’ utilities error terms in the nests.

The concept of ‘flexicurity’: a new approach to regulating employment and labour markets

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ton Wilthagen ◽  
Frank Tros
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Work Organisation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The One ◽  
National Governments

This article deals with the new policy concept of ‘flexicurity’ in view of the emerging flexibility-security nexus currently faced by the European Union, national governments, sectors of industry, individual companies and workers. On the one hand there is a strong demand to make labour markets, employment and work organisation more flexible. At same time, an equally strong demand exists for providing security to employees – especially vulnerable groups – and for preserving social cohesion in our societies. Policy-makers, legislators, trade unions and employers’ organisations have a strong need for new theory-inspired policy models and concepts that promise to reconcile these goals of enhancing both flexibility and security that at first sight seem incompatible. This article discusses the origins, conditions and potential of ‘flexicurity’ as policy or strategy at various levels of industrial relations. It also outlines a research agenda.

scholarly journals A DISCRETE CHOICE MODEL FOR FIRM LOCATION DECISION

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noordini Che Man ◽  
Harry Timmerman
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Location Decisions ◽  
Firm Location ◽  
Suitability Analysis ◽  
Choice Data ◽  
Business District

Where to locate? It is one of the most important question in locating a business in a city. In the city center, business or firms are functioning as a dominant attractor of employment and also employment locations which linked the land use and transportation system. The objective of this paper is to describe the location model of firms in Kuala Lumpur area. Two important determinants of location choice model in this study are the accessibility measures and the suitability analysis indicators. The model focuses on the statistical technique for analyzing discrete choice data by using econometric and Geographic Information System software. The findings in this paper show that agriculture, mining, electricity, gas and water, transport and finance firms' type are mostly located outside of Kuala Lumpur's Central Business District area. Meanwhile, manufacturing, construction and wholesale firms' type are located in the Central Business District area. The result of this study will highlight the use of discrete choice models in the analysis of firm location decisions which will be a foundation to facilitate town planners and decision makers to understand the firm location decisions in their region.

Unobserved Heterogeneity in Dynamic Discrete Choice Models

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Reader
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Estimation Procedure ◽  
Choice Models ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Dynamic Discrete Choice ◽  
Cross Sectional

Monte Carlo simulation methods are used to confirm the identifiability of discrete choice models in which unobserved heterogeneity is specified as a random effect and modelled using the nonparametric mass-points approach. This simulation analysis is also used to examine alternative strategies for the estimation of such models by using a quasi-Newton maximum-likelihood estimation procedure, given the apparent sensitivity of model identification to choice of starting values. A mass-point model approach is then applied to a dataset of repeated choice involving household shopping trips between three types of retail centre, and the results from this approach are compared with those obtained from a conventional cross-sectional multinomial logit choice model as well as to results from a model in which a parametric distribution (the Dirichlet) is used to model the unobserved heterogeneity.

Analysis of Stated Preferences for Intermodal Bicycle-Transit Interfaces

1996 ◽  
Vol 1556 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Taylor ◽  
Hani Mahmassani
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Stated Preferences ◽  
Nested Logit ◽  
Facility Type ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Work Trip

One proposed means of increasing use of both transit and bicycles is to replace long automobile trips with “bike and ride” trips. In this study, a stated-preference survey was conducted using hypothetical scenarios within which respondents ranked their preferences for making a work trip by automobile only, park and ride, or bike and ride. The survey addressed numerous potential factors that might influence this choice, including three policy variables that were systematically varied in the scenarios: on-street bicycle facility type, bicycle parking facility type, and bicycle access distance to transit. The survey data are summarized and used to estimate discrete choice models. A nested logit choice model was developed as the preferred model. From this model, inferences are drawn about many factors. Conclusions are drawn about the three main policy variables. In short, the results support the notion that bicycle lockers are the preferred parking facility to increase bike and ride use. The results also indicate that bike lanes are superior to wide curb lanes as an incentive for casual and inexperienced cyclists, but that bike lanes and wide curb lanes are an identical incentive for experienced cyclists.

scholarly journals Forecasting jobs location choices by Discrete Choice Models: A sensitivity analysis to scale and implications for LUTI models

REGION ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Jones ◽  
Isabelle Thomas ◽  
Dominique Peeters
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Location Choices ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Household Location ◽  
New Jobs

This paper proposes an empirical analysis of the sensitivity of Discrete Choice Model (DCM) to the size of the spatial units used as choice set (which relates to the well-known Modifiable Areal Unit Problem). Job's location choices in Brussels (Belgium) are used as the case study. DCMs are implemented within different Land Use and Transport Interactions (LUTI) models (UrbanSim, ILUTE) to forecast jobs or household location choices. Nevertheless, no studies have assessed their sensitivity to the size of the Basic Spatial Units (BSU) in an urban context. The results show significant differences in parameter estimates between BSUs. Assuming that new jobs are distributed among the study area proportionally to the utility level predicted by the DCM for each BSU (as in a LUTI model), it is also demonstrated that the spatial distribution of these new jobs varies with the size of the BSUs. These findings mean that the scale of the BSU used in the model can influence the output of a LUTI model relying on DCM to forecast location choices of agents and, therefore, have important operational implications for land-use planning.

scholarly journals Limit theorems for the zig-zag process

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 791-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joris Bierkens ◽  
Andrew Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Asymptotic Variance ◽  
Mcmc Methods ◽  
Diffusion Limit ◽  
Switching Rate ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Piecewise Deterministic Markov Processes ◽  
Reversible Markov Chains ◽  
The One

AbstractMarkov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods provide an essential tool in statistics for sampling from complex probability distributions. While the standard approach to MCMC involves constructing discrete-time reversible Markov chains whose transition kernel is obtained via the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm, there has been recent interest in alternative schemes based on piecewise deterministic Markov processes (PDMPs). One such approach is based on the zig-zag process, introduced in Bierkens and Roberts (2016), which proved to provide a highly scalable sampling scheme for sampling in the big data regime; see Bierkenset al.(2016). In this paper we study the performance of the zig-zag sampler, focusing on the one-dimensional case. In particular, we identify conditions under which a central limit theorem holds and characterise the asymptotic variance. Moreover, we study the influence of the switching rate on the diffusivity of the zig-zag process by identifying a diffusion limit as the switching rate tends to ∞. Based on our results we compare the performance of the zig-zag sampler to existing Monte Carlo methods, both analytically and through simulations.

scholarly journals Comparation of logistic regression methods and discrete choice model in the selection of habitats

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-333
Author(s):  
Sandra Vergara Cardozo ◽  
Bryan Frederick John Manly ◽  
Carlos Tadeu dos Santos Dias
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Resource Selection ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Selection Function ◽  
Data Set ◽  
North West ◽  
Selection Of

Based on a review of most recent data analyses on resource selection by animals as well as on recent suggestions that indicate the lack of an unified statistical theory that shows how resource selection can be detected and measured, the authors suggest that the concept of resource selection function (RSF) can be the base for the development of a theory. The revision of discrete choice models (DCM) is suggested as an approximation to estimate the RSF when the choice of animal or groups of animals involves different sets of available resource units. The definition of RSF requires that the resource which is being studied consists of discrete units. The statistical method often used to estimate the RSF is the logistic regression but DCM can also be used. The theory of DCM has been well developed for the analysis of data sets involving choices of products by humans, but it can also be applicable to the choice of habitat by animals, with some modifications. The comparison of the logistic regression with the DCM for one choice is made because the coefficient estimates of the logistic regression model include an intercept, which are not presented by the DCM. The objective of this work was to compare the estimates of the RSF obtained by applying the logistic regression and the DCM to the data set on habitat selection of the spotted owl (Strix occidentalis) in the north west of the United States.

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