scholarly journals The Population Genetic Variation Analysis of Bitter Gourd Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. momordicae in China by Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) Molecular Marker

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zang ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Kangdi Guo ◽  
Kunqi Hong ◽  
Huijun Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Diseased Plant ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Group I ◽  
Geographical Populations

AbstractThe bitter gourd fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. momordicae (FOM) was a devastating disease in China and leading to great economic losses every year. A total of 152 isolates, which have the typical Fusarium oxysporum characteristics with abundant microconidia and macroconidia on the white or ruby colonies, were obtained from diseased plant tissues with typical fusarium wilt symptoms. The BLASTn analysis of rDNA-ITS showed 99% identity with F.oxysporum species. Among the tested isolates, three isolates infected tower gourd, and five isolates were pathogenic to bottle gourd. However, they were all pathogenic to bitter gourd. Based on the molecular and morphologic results, the isolates were identified as FOM. For genetic variation analysis, forty ISSR primers were screened and eleven primers were used in PCR amplification. Totally, 121 loci were detected, of which 52 loci were polymorphic at rate of 42.98%. The POPGENE analysis showed that Nei’s gene diversity index (H) and Shannon’s information index (I) were 0.0902 and 0.1478, respectively, which indicated that the genetic diversity for the tested 152 isolates was relatively low. It also means that each geographical population was a relatively independent unit. While the value of coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst=0.4929 > 0.15) pointed to the genetic differentiation was mainly among populations. The strength of gene flow (Nm=0.5143<1.0) was weaker, indicating that gene exchanges were blocked to some degree. The dendrogram based on ISSR markers showed that the eight geographical populations were clustered into four groups at the threshold of genetic similar coefficient 0.96. Fujian, Jiangxi and Guangdong populations were clustered into Group I. Group II contained Hunan and Guangxi populations. Group III only had Hainan population. Group IV consisted Shandong and Henan populations. The geographical populations closer to each other grouped together, suggesting a correlationship between geographical origin and genetic differentiation. Two hybridization events were observed between Hainan and Hunan populations and between Guangdong and Guangxi by Structure analysis. Our findings enrich the knowledge on genetic variation characteristics of the FOM populations with helpful of development of effective disease management programs and disease resistance breeding.

scholarly journals Population genetic variation analysis of bitter gourd wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. momordicae in China using inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) molecular markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zang ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Kangdi Guo ◽  
Kunqi Hong ◽  
Huijun Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Diseased Plant ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Group I

AbstractBitter gourd wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. momordicae (FOM) is a devastating crop disease in China. A total of 173 isolates characteristic of typical Fusarium oxysporum with abundant microconidia and macroconidia on white or ruby colonies were obtained from diseased plant tissues. BLASTn analysis of the rDNA-ITS of the isolates showed 99% identity with F. oxysporum species. Among the tested isolates, three were infectious toward tower gourd and five were pathogenic to bottle gourd. However, all of the isolates were pathogenic to bitter gourd. For genetic differences analysis, 40 ISSR primers were screened and 11 primers were used for ISSR-PCR amplification. In total, 127 loci were detected, of which 76 were polymorphic at a rate of 59.84%. POPGENE analysis showed that Nei’s gene diversity index (H) and Shannon’s information index (I) were 0.09 and 0.15, respectively, which indicated that the genetic diversity of the 173 isolates was low. The coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst = 0.33 > 0.15) indicated that genetic differentiation was mainly among populations. The strength of gene flow (Nm = 1.01 > 1.0) was weak, indicating that the population differentiation caused by gene drift was blocked to some degree. The dendrogram based on ISSR markers showed that the nine geographical populations were clustered into two groups at the threshold of genetic similarity coefficient of 0.96. The Shandong and Henan populations were clustered into Group I, while the Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, and Hubei populations constituted Group II. Results of the genetic variation analysis showed that the Hunan and Guangxi populations had the highest degree of genetic differentiation, while the Hubei population had the lowest genetic differentiation. Our findings enrich the knowledge of the genetic variation characteristics of FOM populations with the goal of developing effective disease-management programs and resistance breeding programs.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Natural Lycorma delicatula (White) (Hemiptera: Fulgoridea) Populations in China as Revealed by Microsatellite and Mitochondrial Markers

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Wenhui Zhao ◽  
Fuping Wang ◽  
Daozheng Qin
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Lycorma Delicatula ◽  
Geographical Populations

The spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White) (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), is a polyphagous pest originating in China and now widely distributed in Asian countries. This is one of the more serious forestry pests with a broad host range and causes significant economic losses. Molecular comparison has been used to investigate this pest’s origin in China, and recent studies have explored the genetic structure among populations in Korea. However, the population structure of this pest in China remains poorly understood. In this study, 13 microsatellite markers and two mitochondrial markers (from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotid (NADH) dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 (ND6) regions) were used to reveal the origins and dispersal of L. delicatula based on a genetic analysis of Chinese populations from eight locations. Results show a low to high level of genetic differentiation among populations and significant genetic differentiation between both two clusters and four clusters. The network and phylogenetic analyses for mitochondrial haplotypes and population structure analyses for microsatellite datasets suggest that there is potential gene flow between geographical populations. The populations from Zhejiang and Fujian provinces may come from the other geographical populations in north China. The populations from Beijing, Henan, and Anhui provinces were regarded as the major source of migrants with a high number of migrants leaving (the effective number of migrants (Nem) = 24.40) and the low number of migrants entering (Nem = 2.05) based on the microsatellite dataset, where significant asymmetrical effective migrants to the other populations were detected by non-overlapping 95% confidence intervals.

scholarly journals Exploiting cucurbitaceous species as rootstocks for management of Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in bitter gourd

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1460-1465
Author(s):  
N. A. Tamilselvi ◽  
◽  
L. Pugalendhi ◽  
T. Raguchander ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Bitter Gourd

scholarly journals Identification of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris Physiological Races in Chickpea Cultivated Areas in Al-Ghab Region, Syria

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-240
Author(s):  
Leila Allouch ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Vascular Wilt ◽  
Physiological Races ◽  
The World ◽  
Chickpea Cultivars

Alloush, L., S. Al-Maghribi and B. Barhom. 2021. Identification of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris Physiological Races in Chickpea Cultivated Areas in Al-Ghab Region, Syria. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 39(4): 231-240. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-39.4.231240 Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris is one of the diseases that cause significant economic losses to the chickpea crop around the world, as infection with FOC can occurs during the different stages of plant growth. One of the best approaches to reduce the damage caused by FOC is by using resistant chickpea varieties. Hence, this study aimed to determine the physiological races of 25 FOC isolates collected from 20 agricultural sites belonging to six regulatory zones in the Al-Ghab region in Syria, based on their pathogenicity on 13 differential chickpea cultivars (C-104, JG -74, CPS-1, BG-215, BG-212, WR-315, Anniger, Chaffa, ILC482, L-550, K850-3/27, UC-27). The study was carried out during 2020 at the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Al-Ghab. The results obtained showed that the tested isolates belong to races 0, 1B/C, 2, 3, 5, and 6. This is the first report of races 2 and 3 in Syria, and each of them constituted 28% of the total tested isolates, whereas 24% of the isolates were represented by race 0, and both races 5 and 1B/C occurred at 8% frequency, and race 6 included one isolate obtained from Abu Faraj site. Keywords: Chickpea, vascular wilt, physiological races, pathogenicity, Al-Ghab, Syria

scholarly journals The cause and potential solution to the Fusarium wilt disease in banana plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-442
Author(s):  
Ana Claudia Sánchez-Espinosa ◽  
José Luis Villarruel-Ordaz ◽  
Luis Maldonado-Bonilla
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Production Control ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease

The Fusarium wilt disease of banana caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense is currently considered the most prominent disease that threatens the global fruit production. Control of this pathogen is essential to guarantee the supply of banana fruits. The use of chemical pesticides is a common practice for its control; however, this causes contamination of soils, water and atmosphere, and also affects the human health. The knowledge of natural antagonists of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense is a reliable alternative to develop crop protection strategies. Concerning this, the genus Trichoderma comprises mycoparasitic species adapted to distinct environmental and soil conditions. The features of Trichoderma have enabled its use as an effective biological control agent, but this potential must be extended in order to prevent the economic losses caused by the Fusarium wilt. In this review we present essential information about two contrasting fungal inhabitants of the soil: a group of phytopathogens that produces deleterious consequences in banana plants and its potential antagonists that will provide novel methods of biological control.

Population structure and genetic variation in Nectria fuckeliana

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1707-1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimvydas Vasiliauskas ◽  
Jan Stenlid
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Somatic Incompatibility ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
The Baltic

Population structure and genetic variation in Nectria fuckeliana Booth isolated from Picea abies (L.) Karst. in Sweden and Lithuania was studied using somatic incompatibility tests and DNA fingerprinting. All incompatibility pairings between different isolates of N. fuckeliana resulted in demarcation zones; thus, no vegetative compatibility groups were detected. Each isolate was distinguishable from all other isolates on the basis of banding patterns produced by amplification of DNA using the M13 primer. No country-specific markers were observed. Principal component analysis of amplified banding patterns separated the isolates from Sweden and Lithuania into two clusters, showing genetic differentiation between the geographical populations across the Baltic sea. An analysis of similarity matrix, calculated by the program SIMQUAL from the numerical taxonomy package NTSYS-pc, confirmed the separation of the isolates into the two groups. Low genetic differentiation was revealed within both the Swedish and Lithuanian geographical populations of the fungus. Local distances in the forest stand (100 m) had no influence on the genetic similarity of the N. fuckeliana isolates (R2 = 0.003). Key words: Nectria fuckeliana, DNA fingerprinting, genetic variation, somatic incompatibility, population structure.

scholarly journals A Novel Ourmia-Like Mycovirus Confers Hypovirulence-Associated Traits on Fusarium oxysporum

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Yuanyan Zhang ◽  
Xinru Wan ◽  
Yuanyuan She ◽  
Min Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Fungal Disease ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
The Family ◽  
Viral Genomic Rna

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. momordicae (FoM) is an important fungal disease that affects the production of bitter gourd. Hypovirulence-associated mycoviruses have great potential and application prospects for controlling the fungal disease. In this study, a novel ourmia-like virus, named Fusarium oxysporum ourmia-like virus 1 (FoOuLV1), was isolated from FoM strain HuN8. The viral genomic RNA is 2,712 nucleotides (nt) in length and contains an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) using either standard or mitochondrial codes. In strain HuN8, there was also a FoOuLV1-associated RNA segment with 1,173 nt in length with no sequence homology. Phylogenetic analysis showed that FoOuLV1 is a member of the genus Magoulivirus of the family Botourmiaviridae. FoOuLV1 was found to be associated with hypovirulence in FoM. Moreover, FoOuLV1 and its hypovirulence trait can be transmitted horizontally to other FoM strains and also to other formae speciale strains of F. oxysporum. In addition, FoOuLV1 showed significant biological control effect against the bitter gourd Fusarium wilt. To our knowledge, this study reveals the first description of a hypovirulence-associated ourmia-like mycovirus, which has the potential to the biological control of Fusarium wilt.

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ghea Dotulong ◽  
Stella Umboh ◽  
Johanis Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity Test

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro) Ghea Dotulong1*), Stella Umboh1), Johanis Pelealu1), 1) Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima 9 Juli 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasi 10 Agustus 2019 Abstrak Tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) adalah salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang sering mengalami penurunan dari segi produksi dan produktivitasnya, akibat adanya serangan penyakit layu yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi toksisitas beberapa fungisida nabati dalam mengendalikan penyakit Layu Fusarium (F. oxysporum) pada tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode umpan beracun. Data dianalisis dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan metode BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil Penelitian, diperoleh nilai toksisitas fungisida nabati tertinggi yaitu pada ekstrak daun sirsak dengan nilai HR (69,44%), kategori berpengaruh, ditandai dengan diameter koloni 2,75 cm (100ppm) dan yang terendah toksisitasnya yaitu pada ekstrak daun jeruk purut dengan nilai HR (49,81%), kategori cukup berpengaruh ditandai dengan diameter koloni 3,75 cm (25ppm). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang diujikan maka semakin tinggi toksisitas dari fungisida nabati yang diberikan.Kata Kunci: fungisida nabati, Fusarium oxysporum, tanaman kentang, In Vitro Abstract Potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the horticulture plants which often decreases in terms of production and productivity, due to the attack of wilt, one of which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of several biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (F. oxysporum) in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Vitro. The research method used was the In Vitro method with the poison bait method. Data were analyzed by Completely Randomized Design with Variant Analysis (ANAVA), followed by the BNT method. The results showed that the highest biofungicide toxicity value was soursop leaf extract with HR values (69.44%), influential categories, characterized by colony diameter 2.75 cm (100ppm) and the lowest toxicity, namely in kaffir lime leaf extract with a value of HR (49.81%), quite influential category was characterized by colony diameter of 3.75 cm (25ppm). The higher the concentration tested, the higher the toxicity of the biofungicide given.Keywords: biofungicides, Fusarium oxysporum, Potato Plants, In Vitro.

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