scholarly journals Optimization of the flash extraction of flavonoids from the leaves ofSalix babylonicausing the response surface method and an evaluation of the leaves’ high antioxidant activity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijie Chen ◽  
Lei Diao ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Haixin Liu ◽  
Ming Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Extraction Voltage ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Salix Babylonica

AbstractMany biological activities ofSalix babylonicaleaves are attributed to the plants’ high total flavonoid content. Flash extraction has the advantages of high efficiency and maximum retention of the active ingredient. In this study, flash extraction was used to extract the total flavonoids, and a Box–Behnken design was used to optimize the extraction conditions for the first time. The effects of four independent variables, including ethanol concentration, extraction voltage, time, and ratio of liquid to material on flavonoid yield, was determined, and the optimal conditions for flavonoid extraction were evaluated using response surface methodology. Statistical analyses showed that the linear and quadratic terms of these four variables had significant effects. The fitted second-order model revealed that the optimal conditions consisted of an ethanol concentration of 67.91%, extraction time of 87 s, extraction voltage of 116 V and ratio of liquid to material of 42.79. Under the optimum conditions, the experimental value of 66.40±0.80% nearly coincided with that predicted by the model. In the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH.) assays, the extracts showed significant antioxidant and scavenging capacity for free radicals, respectively. This study helps to better exploit the resources ofSalix babylonicaleaves and provides new insights for effective extraction of flavonoids.

scholarly journals Homogenate Extraction of Crocins from Saffron Optimized by Response Surface Methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingpeng Tong ◽  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Dan Guo ◽  
Yongqiu Yan ◽  
Shiping Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Extraction Voltage ◽  
Homogenate Extraction

Saffron, which has many kinds of biological activities, has been widely used in medicine, cosmetics, food, and other fields of health promotion industries. Crocins are the main component of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). At present, most of the extraction methods for crocins require long time or special instruments to complete the process and some of them are not suitable for industrial production at present. In this article, homogenate extraction technology which is a convenient and efficient method was developed for crocins extraction from saffron. Firstly, the influences of extraction voltage, extraction time, ethanol concentration, and temperature on crocins yield were studied by single factor experiments; and then response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize levels of four variables based on the result of single factor experiments. Results showed that the optimum extraction process conditions for crocins were as follows: extraction voltage, 110 V; ethanol concentration, 70%; extraction temperature, 57°C; and extraction time, 40 s. Based on these conditions, the extraction yield of crocins can reach 22.76% which is higher than ultrasonic extraction method. Therefore, homogenate extraction is an effective way to extract crocins from saffron with higher extraction yield and shorter extraction time.

scholarly journals Optimization of the extraction of natural phenolic antioxidants from the seeds of Tamarindus indica L. - an undervalued by product of food processing - using response surface methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atreyi Sarkar ◽  
Uma Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Solvent Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

The seeds of Tamarindus indica are known to possess a wide range of phenolic compounds with high antioxidant activity as measured by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). In the present study, the optimum conditions for the extraction of crude phenolic antioxidants from Tamarind seed were determined using response surface methodology (RSM). A central composite design (CCD) was used to investigate the effects of four independent variables, namely concentration of extractable solids in solvent (g/ml; X1), extraction time (h; X2), extraction temperature (°C; X3) and solvent concentration (%, v/v; X4) on the responses of total polyphenol content (TPC) and FRAP. The CCD consisted of 30 experimental runs. A second-order polynomial model was used for predicting the responses. Canonical analysis of the surface responses revealed that the predicted optimal conditions for the maximal yield of TPC and FRAP were concentration of extractable solids in solvent of 0.049 g/ml, extraction time of 3.24 h, extraction temperature of 45 °C and a solvent concentration of 50%. The experimental values in the optimised condition coincided with the predicted ones within a 95% confidence interval, hence indicating the suitability of the model and the success of RSM in optimizing the extraction parameters.

scholarly journals Approach to Optimization of FRAP Methodology for Studies Based on Selected Monoterpenes

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5267
Author(s):  
Karolina A. Wojtunik-Kulesza
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Reduction Activity ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Analgesic Activities

Terpenes, wide-spread secondary plant metabolites, constitute important parts of many natural compounds that hold various biological activities, including antioxidant, calming, antiviral, and analgesic activities. Due to their high volatility and low solubility in water, studies of compounds based on terpenes are difficult, and methodologies must be adjusted to their specific characteristics. Considering the significant influence of iron ions on dementia development, the activity of terpenes in reducing Fe3+ represents an important area to be determined. Previously obtained results were unreliable because ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methodology was not adjusted regarding studying terpenes. Taking this fact into account, the aim of this study was to optimize the method for monoterpene assessment. The study included three modifications, namely, (1) slightly adjusting the entire FRAP procedure, (2) replacing methanol with other solvents (heptane, butanone, or ethyl acetate), and (3) adding Tween 20. Additionally, a thin layer chromatography (TLC) -FRAP assay was performed. The obtained results revealed significant improvement in the reduction activity of selected terpenes (linalool, α-phellandrene, and α-terpinene) in studies with Tween 20, whereas replacing methanol with other solvents did not show the expected effects.

scholarly journals From the Field to the Pot: Phytochemical and Functional Analyses of Calendula officinalis L. Flower for Incorporation in an Organic Yogurt

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bragueto Escher ◽  
Cardoso Borges ◽  
Sousa Santos ◽  
Mendanha Cruz ◽  
Boscacci Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Functional Analyses ◽  
Calendula Officinalis L

Edible flowers have been used as ingredients because of their biological activities, taste, and overall appearance. This research was aimed to characterize the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of the marigold flower (Calendula officinalis L.) extracted with different proportions of water and ethyl alcohol, and the lyophilized extract with higher content of antioxidant compounds was incorporated into an organic yogurt. Results showed that the hydroalcoholic extract (50:50 v/v) presented the highest total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoids, and antioxidant activity (ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total reducing capacity (TRC), and Cu2+/Fe2+ chelating ability). Phenolic acids and flavonoids were quantified in the extract by LC-DAD, while 19 compounds were tentatively identified by ESI-MS/MS. The lyophilized marigold extract (LME) also inhibited 12% of Wistar rat’s brain lipid oxidation in vitro, inhibited α-amylase, and α-glucosidase activities, but showed no cytotoxicity towards cancerous cells (HCT8 and A549). However, marigold flower extract protected human erythrocytes against mechanical stress. When added into an organic yogurt model (0 to 1.5%), LME increased TPC and antioxidant activity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and TRC), and the sensory analysis showed that the organic yogurt had an acceptance of 80.4%. Our results show that the use of LME may be a technological strategy to increase the content of bioactive compounds in yogurts.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antioxidant Capacity of Polar Microorganisms Isolated from Arctic Lichen Ochrolechia sp.

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
MI-KYEONG KIM ◽  
HYUN PARK ◽  
TAE-JIN OH
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Diffusion Test ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Although many scientists have been studying lichens, the bacterial communities among lichens have not been fully explored. In this study, the biological activities of bacterial isolates from Arctic lichen Ochrolechia sp. were screened. Cell cultures were extracted using ethyl acetate, and these cultures were tested for antibacterial and antioxidant activities. To evaluate the antibacterial activities, we carried out a disk diffusion test and minimum inhibitory concentration assay. The inhibition zone diameter (mm) was 8 to 12, and its MIC value ranged from 222.0 to > 1000 μg/ml (control antibiotic ampicillin ranged from 0.31 to 0.58 μg/ml). PAMC26625 (Sphingomonas sp., sequence similarity: 99.108%) showed a high amount of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents within 5 extracts and also exhibited 77.23% and 80.02% in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl assay and the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) assay, respectively. In the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, it was determined that PAMC26625 contained a higher amount of ferrous ion [8.72 mM Fe(II)/mg extract] than control ascorbic acid [6.21 mM Fe(II)/mg extract]. Our data indicated that they had potential to be novel sources of antibacterials and antioxidants.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction for Flavonoids and Antioxidant Activity of Angelica keiskei Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Yuhuan Jiang ◽  
Xuening Pang ◽  
Puyue Hua ◽  
Xiang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Time ◽  
Angelica Keiskei ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

Angelica keiskei Koidzumi (A. keiskei), as a Japanese edible herbal plant, enjoys a variety of biological activities due to the presence of numerous active compounds, especially flavonoids. This study aims for the optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for flavonoids in A. keiskei and their antioxidant activity by using the response surface methodology (RSM). Single-factor experiments and a four-factor three-level Box–Behnken design (BBD) were performed to explore the effects of the following parameters on flavonoid extraction and antioxidant activity evaluation: ultrasonic temperature (X1), ultrasonic time (X2), ethanol concentration (X3) and liquid–solid ratio (X4). The optimum conditions of the combination of total flavonoid content (TFC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity (DPPH-RSC) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were as follows: X1 = 80 °C, X2 = 4 min, X3 = 78%, X4 = 35 mL/g, respectively. The experimental results provide a theoretical basis for the extensive utilization of A. keiskei and flavonoids extraction from A. keiskei as a potential source of antioxidants.

scholarly journals Anti-Zika Virus Effects, Placenta Protection and Chemical Composition of Passiflora edulis Seeds Ethanolic Extract

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadriane Xavier ◽  
Jaqueline Santos ◽  
Monique Vila Nova ◽  
Camilla Gonçalves ◽  
Karen Borbely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Ns1 Protein ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Various beneficial biological activities have been reported for passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), grown in tropical and subtropical regions. However, no study has yet demonstrated its action against the Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-ZIKV of the ethanolic passion fruit seed extract (PFSE), from which, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis allowed to putatively annotate the occurrence of piceatannol, astringin, scirpusin A, scirpusin B, isookanin-7-O-glucoside and naringenin-7-O-glucoside, two quadranguloside derivatives, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. PFSE is well tolerated by cell lines (Vero E6 and HTR-8/SVneo) and tissue explants from the human placenta. With 1- and 24-h treatments, PFSE consistently reduced the viral load and NS1 protein expression of the two strains of ZIKV (MR766 and PE243) in placental explants and cell lines. Thus, PFSE has a promising potential for developing anti-ZIKV treatments, protecting the placenta against infection caused by ZIKV, along with relevant antioxidant potential, represented by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of 390.5 Trolox eq per g dry extract and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) of 12.1 μg mL–1, and more than 90% protection from lipid peroxidation. Although further studies need to be conducted, PFSE treatment was safe and effective in trophoblast cells and placental explants, thus representing a promising class of all-accessible products based on the reuse of industrial by-products.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Four Extraction Methods of Antioxidant Compounds from Decatropis bicolor in Aqueous Medium Applying Response Surface Design

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1042
Author(s):  
Judith Jaimez-Ordaz ◽  
Elizabeth Contreras-López ◽  
Tania Hernández-Sánchez ◽  
Luis Guillermo González-Olivares ◽  
Javier Añorve-Morga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Response Surface Designs ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

The objective of this paper is to compare conventional, ultrasound, microwave, and French press methods for the extraction of antioxidant compounds from Decatropis bicolor in an aqueous medium. This plant is widely used in Mexican traditional medicine for breast cancer treatment. Despite that, there are few studies on D. bicolor. Two response surface designs were applied to establish the best conditions of the liberation of antioxidants from D. bicolor, which were determined by DPPH• and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) techniques. The total phenolic content was evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The results showed that D. bicolor is a source of antioxidants (669–2128 mg ET/100 g and 553–1920 mg EFe2+/100 g, respectively) and phenolic compounds (2232–9929 mg EGA/100 g). Among the physical factors that were analyzed, the temperature was the determinant factor to liberate the compounds of interest by using low concentrations of the sample and short times of extraction. The French press was the most efficient method, obtaining values of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds even higher than those reported by using extraction methods with solvents such as methanol.

scholarly journals Potential Importance of Molybdenum Priming to Metabolism and Nutritive Value of Canavalia spp. Sprouts

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2387
Author(s):  
Mohammad K. Okla ◽  
Nosheen Akhtar ◽  
Saud A. Alamri ◽  
Salem Mesfir Al-Qahtani ◽  
Ahmed Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Phenolic Metabolism ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Canavalia Ensiformis ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Nutrient Profiles

Molybdenum ions (Mo) can improve plants’ nutritional value primarily by enhancing nitrogenous metabolism. In this study, the comparative effects of seed priming using Mo were evaluated among sproutings of Canavalia species/cultivars, including Canavalia ensiformis var. gladiata (CA1), Canavalia ensiformis var. truncata Ricker (CA2), and Canavalia gladiata var. alba Hisauc (CA3). Mo impacts on growth, metabolism (e.g., nitrogen and phenolic metabolism, pigment and total nutrient profiles), and biological activities were assayed. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to correlate Mo-mediated impacts. The results showed that Mo induced photosynthetic pigments that resulted in an improvement in growth and increased biomass. The N content was increased 0.3-fold in CA3 and 0.2-fold in CA1 and CA2. Enhanced nitrogen metabolism by Mo provided the precursors for amino acids, protein, and lipid biosynthesis. At the secondary metabolic level, phenolic metabolism-related precursors and enzyme activities were also differentially increased in Canavalia species/cultivars. The observed increase in metabolism resulted in the enhancement of the antioxidant (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging, 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)) and antidiabetic potential (Glycemic index (GI) and inhibition activity of α-amylase, and α-glucosidase) of species. The antioxidant activity increased 20% in CA3, 14% in CA1, and 8% in CA2. Furthermore, PCA showed significant variations not only between Mo-treated and untreated samples but also among Canavalia species. Overall, this study indicated that the sprouts of Canavalia species have tremendous potential for commercial usage due to their high nutritive value, which can be enhanced further with Mo treatment to accomplish the demand for nutritious feed.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF Hericium erinaceus, Hericium americanum AND Hericium coralloides

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Funda Atila
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Hericium Erinaceus ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity

The aim of this work was to determine the total phenolic content (TPC) and the antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of Hericium erinaceus, Hericium americanum and Hericium coralloides, including free radical scavenging method (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and radical cation scavenging method (ABTS). Hericium spp exhibited moderate to high antioxidant activity. The highest TPC (3.27 ±0.01 mg GAE g–1) and antioxidant activity values (17.0 ±0.68 mmol TE g‒1 in FRAP; EC50 = 4.12 ±0.12 mg mL‒1 in DPPH•; EC50 = 2.83 ± 0.10 mg mL‒1 in ABTS•+) were found for methanol extracts of H. coralloides. The TPC and antioxidant activity of H. erinaceus isolates varied from strain to strain. H. americanum possessed considerably lower total phenolic content (2.31 ±0.01 mg GAE g‒1) and antioxidant activity (10.5 ±0.59 mmol TE g‒1 in FRAP; EC50 = 7.82 ±0.09 mg mL‒1 in DPPH•; EC50 = 6.36 ± 0.12 mg mL‒1 in ABTS•+) than H. coralloides and H. erinaceus. A high correlation was determined between TPC and ABTS•+ (r2 = 0.855), DPPH• (r2 = 0.969) and FRAP (r2 = 0.942). According to results obtained in the present study, Hericium spp., especially H. coralloides and some of H. erinaceus isolates, might be promising natural source of antioxidants for food and pharmaceutical industry.

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