scholarly journals Towards an applied metaecology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Schiesari ◽  
Miguel G. Matias ◽  
Paulo Inácio Prado ◽  
Mathew A. Leibold ◽  
Cecile H. Albert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Spatial Context ◽  
Applied Ecology ◽  
Multiple Spatial Scales ◽  
The Many

AbstractThe complexity of ecological systems is a major challenge for practitioners and decision-makers who work to avoid, mitigate and manage environmental change. Here, we illustrate how metaecology - the study of spatial interdependencies among ecological systems through fluxes of organisms, energy, and matter - can enhance understanding and improve managing environmental change at multiple spatial scales. We present several case studies illustrating how the framework has leveraged decision-making in conservation, restoration and risk management. Nevertheless, an explicit incorporation of metaecology is still uncommon in the applied ecology literature, and in action guidelines addressing environmental change. This is unfortunate because the many facets of environmental change can be framed as modifying spatial context, connectedness and dominant regulating processes - the defining features of metaecological systems. Narrowing the gap between theory and practice will require incorporating system-specific realism in otherwise predominantly conceptual studies, as well as deliberately studying scenarios of environmental change.

scholarly journals Maximising the Edges of Natural and Human Systems: The Case for Sociotones

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7203
Author(s):  
May East
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Biological Communities ◽  
Applied Ecology ◽  
Multiple Spatial Scales ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
Over Time

In many fields of fundamental and applied ecology, the transition or edge between two distinct biological communities is known as ‘ecotone’. The ecotone concept was first introduced in the early 20th century, describing the edge between two ecological systems which disappear in a transition zone but in opposite directions. This paper examines the evolution of the concept and its different applications over time. It explores the characteristics of ecotones as biodiverse enriched ecological niches occurring at multiple spatial scales. The paper goes further by proposing the concept of sociotone or social systems in tension, first by postulating a series of principles through which many possible interpretations may arise and secondly, by describing the societal interface where diverse worldviews, intentions and experiences meet. The concept is tested against a territory of social tensions between newcomers and stakeholders in Sicily providing evidence of a field of dynamic socio-economic transformations and prospects. The paper concludes by positioning sociotone as a possible framework to realise the systemic potential of multicultural globalised societies.

scholarly journals Imaging Spectroscopy for Conservation Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Megan Seeley ◽  
Gregory P. Asner
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Imaging Spectroscopy ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Broad Array

As humans continue to alter Earth systems, conservationists look to remote sensing to monitor, inventory, and understand ecosystems and ecosystem processes at large spatial scales. Multispectral remote sensing data are commonly integrated into conservation decision-making frameworks, yet imaging spectroscopy, or hyperspectral remote sensing, is underutilized in conservation. The high spectral resolution of imaging spectrometers captures the chemistry of Earth surfaces, whereas multispectral satellites indirectly represent such surfaces through band ratios. Here, we present case studies wherein imaging spectroscopy was used to inform and improve conservation decision-making and discuss potential future applications. These case studies include a broad array of conservation areas, including forest, dryland, and marine ecosystems, as well as urban applications and methane monitoring. Imaging spectroscopy technology is rapidly developing, especially with regard to satellite-based spectrometers. Improving on and expanding existing applications of imaging spectroscopy to conservation, developing imaging spectroscopy data products for use by other researchers and decision-makers, and pioneering novel uses of imaging spectroscopy will greatly expand the toolset for conservation decision-makers.

scholarly journals Scenario Development and Foresight Analysis: Exploring Options to Inform Choices

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 545-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Wiebe ◽  
Monika Zurek ◽  
Steven Lord ◽  
Natalia Brzezina ◽  
Gnel Gabrielyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Scenario Development ◽  
Environmental Challenges ◽  
Socioeconomic Analysis ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
Social And Environmental Change ◽  
Effective Decision Making ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
The Many

In an increasingly globalized and interconnected world, where social and environmental change occur ever more rapidly, careful futures-oriented thinking becomes crucial for effective decision making. Foresight activities, including scenario development, quantitative modeling, and scenario-guided design of policies and programs, play a key role in exploring options to address socioeconomic and environmental challenges across many sectors and decision-making levels. We take stock of recent methodological developments in scenario and foresight exercises, seek to provide greater clarity on the many diverse approaches employed, and examine their use by decision makers in different fields and at different geographic, administrative, and temporal scales. Experience shows the importance of clearly formulated questions, structured dialog, carefully designed scenarios, sophisticated biophysical and socioeconomic analysis, and iteration as needed to more effectively link the growing scenarios and foresight community with today's decision makers and to better address the social, economic, and environmental challenges of tomorrow.

scholarly journals Developing and Evaluating Drought Indicators for Decision-Making

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1793-1803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Steinemann ◽  
Sam F. Iacobellis ◽  
Daniel R. Cayan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Multiple Indicators ◽  
Climate Division ◽  
Consecutive Time ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Drought Indicators ◽  
Division 2

Abstract Drought indicators can help to detect, assess, and reduce impacts of drought. However, existing indicators often have deficiencies that limit their effectiveness, such as statistical inconsistency, noncomparability, arbitrary metrics, and lack of historic context. Further, indicators selected for drought plans may be only marginally useful, and relatively little prior work has investigated ways to design operationally practical indicators. This study devises a generalizable approach, based on feedback from users, to develop and evaluate indicators for decision-making. This approach employs a percentile-based framework that offers clarity, consistency, and comparability among different indicators, drought levels, time periods, and spatial scales. In addition, it characterizes the evolution of droughts and quantifies their severity, duration, and frequency. User preferences are incorporated into the framework’s parameters, which include percentile thresholds for drought onset and recovery, severity levels, anomalies, and consecutive time periods for triggering. To illustrate the approach and decision-making implications, the framework is applied to California Climate Division 2 and is used with decision-makers, water managers, and other participants in the National Integrated Drought Information System (NIDIS) California Pilot. Stakeholders report that the framework provides an easily understood and beneficial way to assess and communicate drought conditions, validly compare multiple indicators across different locations and time scales, quantify risks relative to historic droughts, and determine indicators that would be valuable for decision-making.

scholarly journals TIME MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS UNDER CONDITIONS OF TERRITORIALLY-DISTRIBUTED DECISION-MAKING PROCESS IN COURSE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE OF STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Андрей Воронин ◽  
Andrey Voronin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Management Theory ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Distributed Decision Making ◽  
Distributed Decision

Abstract: The article is targeted for those who researches problems of management theory and practice, as well as for decision-makers in the process of territorially-distributed corporate governance of state-owned companies. The main focus of the article is on the conceptual fundamental issues of time management, comparison of various modern approaches and practical tools of time management, as well as the existing problems of time management of territorially-distributed decision-making process in course of corporate governance of state-owned enterprises (on the example of Russian companies).

SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN SUPERVISOR TERBAIK PADA BAGIAN PERENCANAAN PT. PLN (PERSERO) AREA MEDAN MENERAPKAN PREFERENCE SELECTION INDEX

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesran Mesran ◽  
Nurul Huda ◽  
Siti Nurhabibah Hutagalung ◽  
Khasanah Khasanah ◽  
Akbar Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Attribute Weights ◽  
The Many ◽  
Psi Method ◽  
A Company ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Proper Consideration

Every company carries out functions contained in management, the company must have a well-defined plan. The existence of a plan in a company is very influential on the performance process in the period of dependence to obtain good management results, therefore managers in the company must be able to master the whole of the existing management functions.Problems faced by PT. PLN (Persero) The current Medan Area is the absence of a supervisor selection program that uses measurements based on aspects and criteria that are absolutely set by the company. However, with the many criteria needed to become a supervisor, decision makers must be observant in choosing prospective replacement supervisors who will fill supervisor positions in their companies.The Preference Selection Index method generates a ranking of the selection of an object with the success of the best index up to poor. This method is useful when there are conflicts in determining the relative importance between attributes. In the PSI method, the results are obtained with minimal and simple calculations as they are based on statistical concepts without the need for attribute weights. With proper consideration, this method can be one of the tools for specific selection in decision-making systems, especially the selection of the best planning supervisors. The choice of the best supervisor planning taken as a basis for decision making, must use criteria that can be defined clearly and objectivelyKeywords: Supervisor, Decision, Planning

scholarly journals The Tensions of Strategic Communication Decision-Making: An Exploratory Examination of Theory and Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-242
Author(s):  
Robert Littlefield
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Strategic Communication ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Applied Theory ◽  
Relational Dialectics ◽  
Relational Dialectics Theory ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Communication Decisions

The Tensions of Strategic Communication Decision-Making (TSCD) is introduced as an applied theory describing the way decision-makers experience a risk or crisis and prioritize their strategic communication responses to maintain positive relationships with their publics. Relational Dialectics Theory is applied to illustrate how tensions between organizations and publics influence communication decisions. The strategic messages used by the World Health Organization regarding the Zika virus mega-crisis provide a backdrop illustrating how TSCD is enacted. Theoretical and practical implications for decision-making suggest that TSCD contributes to a more robust understanding of how the changing context in a crisis prompts the prioritization of strategic messages.

scholarly journals SISTEM PENUNJANG KEPUTUSAN KRITERIA BEASISWA MENGGUNAKAN RULE BASED DAN FORWARD CHAINING

SAINTEKBU ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Azizaturrizqiyah ◽  
Munawarah ◽  
Tholib Hariono
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Ideal Solution ◽  
Decision Matrix ◽  
Counting System ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Forward Chaining ◽  
Relative Proximity ◽  
Negative Ideal Solution ◽  
The Many

It is known in the selection of the scholarship will certainly experience difficulties because of the many criteria for scholarship applicants and the number of criteria used to determine the grantee's decision as expected. Therefore the need for a system of decision-makers to take into account all the criteria that support decision making by using rule-based and forward chaining, because the rule-based and forward chaining will implement a counting system for certain that the admin just entering data and will gain value in accordance with the criteria.In this study, the author tries to analyze the main points of the discussion and the results are intended to develop information systems that can be used in AMIK Jombang. System decision makers have preferred to build a decision matrix, decision making matrix is normalized, weighted normalized decision making matrix, determine the positive and negative ideal solution, calculate separation, calculate the relative proximity to the positive ideal solution, rank the alternatives. The final result of the data sorting recipients. Keywords: scholarships, rule based dan forward chaining

Decision making based on intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations with additive approximate consistency

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 4041-4058
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
Xu Tan ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Hui Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Real Interval ◽  
Preference Relations ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Fuzzy Preference Relations ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Fuzzy Weights ◽  
Fuzzy Preference

Intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations (IFPRs) have the natural ability to reflect the positive, the negative and the non-determinative judgements of decision makers. A decision making model is proposed by considering the inherent property of IFPRs in this study, where the main novelty comes with the introduction of the concept of additive approximate consistency. First, the consistency definitions of IFPRs are reviewed and the underlying ideas are analyzed. Second, by considering the allocation of the non-determinacy degree of decision makers’ opinions, the novel concept of approximate consistency for IFPRs is proposed. Then the additive approximate consistency of IFPRs is defined and the properties are studied. Third, the priorities of alternatives are derived from IFPRs with additive approximate consistency by considering the effects of the permutations of alternatives and the allocation of the non-determinacy degree. The rankings of alternatives based on real, interval and intuitionistic fuzzy weights are investigated, respectively. Finally, some comparisons are reported by carrying out numerical examples to show the novelty and advantage of the proposed model. It is found that the proposed model can offer various decision schemes due to the allocation of the non-determinacy degree of IFPRs.

Inhibition of coral settlement at multiple spatial scales by a pervasive algal competitor

2019 ◽  
Vol 612 ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
NR Evensen ◽  
C Doropoulos ◽  
KM Morrow ◽  
CA Motti ◽  
PJ Mumby
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Coral Settlement ◽  
Multiple Spatial Scales
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