scholarly journals Fatigue and cognitive performance change in MS: multifactorial with disparate influences Short title: Predictors of fatigue and performance change in MS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hu ◽  
N Muhlert ◽  
N Robertson ◽  
M Winter
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Fatigue Assessment ◽  
Performance Change ◽  
Subjective Fatigue ◽  
And Performance

AbstractBackgroundFatigue is a common and disabling symptom in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) with a variety of direct and indirect influences, but remains poorly understood. Performance-based and self-report measures of fatigue are only weakly correlated and may have independent predictors. We adopted a multifactorial approach, utilising a measure of concurrent cognitive performance change in order to examine the clinical, psychological, and cognitive factors influencing subjective and objective fatigue in MS.MethodsSixty-one people with MS were assessed. Subjective fatigue was measured using the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale, Fatigue Assessment Instrument, and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The Conners Continuous Performance Test 3 (CCPT3) and VAS were administered before and after two hours of cognitive testing, representing a period of cognitive effort. The differences in scores formed measures of objective performance fatigue and subjective fatigue change, respectively. We examined differences across baseline fatigue, fatigue change and performance change classifications, using regression analysis to uncover predictors of subjective fatigue and performance change.Table 1.Demographic and clinical features of the sampleResultsDepression, sleep, and emotion-focused coping each predicted baseline fatigue and together explained 53.5% of variance. Increased subjective fatigue was linked with anxiety, lower self-efficacy and gender. Cognitive performance change on the CCPT3 was however predicted by estimated general cognitive ability, self-efficacy and post-intervention fatigue.ConclusionSubjective fatigue in MS is a multifactorial construct, with subjective and objective cognitive performance fatigue largely influenced by indirect psychological and cognitive factors. The varying factors driving subjective and objective fatigue suggest that future studies need to take into account these disparate aspects when developing fatigue assessment tools. Targeting influential fatigue drivers such as psychological variables, and even using gender specific interventions may have the potential to improve the burden of fatigue and quality of life of people with MS.

scholarly journals Predicting and Influencing Voice Therapy Adherence Using Social–Cognitive Factors and Mobile Video

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva van Leer ◽  
Nadine P. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Alliance ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Goal Commitment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Voice Therapy ◽  
Adherence Behavior ◽  
Treatment Onset

PurposePatient adherence to voice therapy is an established challenge. The purpose of this study was (a) to examine whether adherence to treatment could be predicted from three social–cognitive factors measured at treatment onset: self-efficacy, goal commitment, and the therapeutic alliance, and (b) to test whether the provision of clinician, self-, and peer model mobile treatment videos on MP4 players would influence the same triad of social cognitive factors and the adherence behavior of patients.MethodForty adults with adducted hyperfunction with and without benign lesions were prospectively randomized to either 4 sessions of voice therapy enhanced by MP4 support or without MP4 support. Adherence between sessions was assessed through self-report. Social cognitive factors and voice outcomes were assessed at the beginning and end of therapy. Utility of MP4 support was assessed via interviews.ResultsSelf-efficacy and the therapeutic alliance predicted a significant amount of adherence variance. MP4 support significantly increased generalization, self-efficacy for generalization, and the therapeutic alliance. An interaction effect demonstrated that MP4 support was particularly effective for patients who started therapy with poor self-efficacy for generalization.ConclusionAdherence may be predicted and influenced via social–cognitive means. Mobile technology can extend therapy to extraclinical settings.

Tubular Daylighting Devices and People: A comparison of the human responses to Tubular Daylighting Devices and fluorescent lighting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
James Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Performance Change ◽  
Performance Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The University ◽  
Fluorescent Lighting ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Before And After Study

<p>Tubular Daylighting Devices are used to bring daylight into deep-plan spaces, and meet sustainability goals. However, they are expensive, and justification for their use lies in hypothesised benefits they can provide in areas such as well-being and productivity. Yet, there is very little research into the effects of Tubular Daylighting Devices. The broader daylighting literature suggests that benefits to satisfaction, mood, and performance are possible — though research into the benefits of daylight is still not conclusive.  Therefore, a before and after study was carried out in a windowless computer room in the university to compare how the students responded under TDDs versus typical electric lighting. Their cognitive performance, change in mood, average sleepiness, and perceptions of the room and lighting were measured.  TDDs significantly increased ratings of room attractiveness and brightness, and had no more perceived glare than the electric lighting. Ratings of lighting quality were on a par with both typical electric lighting and good modern lighting. They were also just as effective on overcast days as sunny. No effects were found on performance or sleepiness, and mood results were inconclusive.  Overall, it is suggested that TDDs can be considered to be on a par with good modern lighting, and superior to typical existing lighting. Note, however, that it is possible that effects in rooms with windows could differ from those found here. Further research should use longer exposures and larger sample sizes if they wish to find performance effects.</p>

Math self-efficacy, not emotional self-efficacy, mediates the math anxiety-performance relationship in undergraduate students

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-394
Author(s):  
James J Palestro ◽  
Molly M. Jameson
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Math Anxiety ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Midwest United States ◽  
Standardized Measure ◽  
And Performance

A clear inverse relationship exists between efficacy and anxiety and anxiety and performance in mathematics. However, efficacy is domain- and task-specific, so the role that specific types of efficacy play in the anxiety-performance relationship is less clear. Emotional self-efficacy moderates this relationship in children, but research has not yet examined its role with math anxiety and performance in undergraduate students who have more developed emotional regulation. Further, understanding the role of self-efficacy for different tasks (i.e., efficacy for math versus for emotion regulation) is important to understanding math anxiety and how to intervene for math anxious individuals. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to explore the moderating and/or mediating role of both math self-efficacy and emotional self-efficacy in undergraduate students using indirect effects analyses. One hundred and fifteen students at a mid-sized state university in the Midwest United States completed self-report measures of emotional self-efficacy, math self-efficacy, and math anxiety before completing a standardized measure of math performance. Results of indirect effects analyses determined that math self-efficacy had an indirect effect on the anxiety-performance relationship while emotional self-efficacy had neither indirect nor moderating effects on the math anxiety-performance relationship.

scholarly journals Tubular Daylighting Devices and People: A comparison of the human responses to Tubular Daylighting Devices and fluorescent lighting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
James Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Performance Change ◽  
Performance Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The University ◽  
Fluorescent Lighting ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Before And After Study

<p>Tubular Daylighting Devices are used to bring daylight into deep-plan spaces, and meet sustainability goals. However, they are expensive, and justification for their use lies in hypothesised benefits they can provide in areas such as well-being and productivity. Yet, there is very little research into the effects of Tubular Daylighting Devices. The broader daylighting literature suggests that benefits to satisfaction, mood, and performance are possible — though research into the benefits of daylight is still not conclusive.  Therefore, a before and after study was carried out in a windowless computer room in the university to compare how the students responded under TDDs versus typical electric lighting. Their cognitive performance, change in mood, average sleepiness, and perceptions of the room and lighting were measured.  TDDs significantly increased ratings of room attractiveness and brightness, and had no more perceived glare than the electric lighting. Ratings of lighting quality were on a par with both typical electric lighting and good modern lighting. They were also just as effective on overcast days as sunny. No effects were found on performance or sleepiness, and mood results were inconclusive.  Overall, it is suggested that TDDs can be considered to be on a par with good modern lighting, and superior to typical existing lighting. Note, however, that it is possible that effects in rooms with windows could differ from those found here. Further research should use longer exposures and larger sample sizes if they wish to find performance effects.</p>

scholarly journals Self-efficacy in creativity and curiosity as predicting creative emotions

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-99
Author(s):  
Wajeeh Daher ◽  
Faaiz Gierdien ◽  
Ahlam Anabousy
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Classroom Setting ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
And Performance

Self-efficacy constructs could predict students’ practices and affect in learning the sciences. Researchers have pointed at such constructs as predictors of students’ mathematics achievement and performance. Self-efficacy was also studied as predictor of emotions in learning mathematics, though little research has done so regarding self-efficacy as predictor of creative emotions. Another predictor of creative emotions could be curiosity. The present study has a regression-based modelling design, where it examined whether a set of constructs of self-efficacy in creativity or/and a set of constructs of curiosity predict significantly creative emotions in mathematical problem solving. Five hundred Grade 8-10 students participated in the study. Data were collected using three self-report questionnaires that measured the research constructs. Data analysis used SPSS 21. Results from multiple regression indicated that the set of constructs of self-efficacy in creativity explained significantly 29.6% of the variance in creative emotions. Moreover, the set of constructs of curiosity explained 17.8% of the variance in creative emotions. Furthermore, three of the five independent variables had best prediction of creative emotions, explaining 32.9% of the variance in creative emotions. The results of the stepwise regression showed that self-efficacy in originality and stretching curiosity were the first two variables in a set of three variables that best explained the variance in creative emotions. The research results lead to the recommendation of developing the previous two constructs in classroom setting to cultivate students’ creative emotions and thus their creative practices.

Tubular Daylighting Devices and People: A comparison of the human responses to Tubular Daylighting Devices and fluorescent lighting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
James Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Performance Change ◽  
Performance Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The University ◽  
Fluorescent Lighting ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Before And After Study

<p>Tubular Daylighting Devices are used to bring daylight into deep-plan spaces, and meet sustainability goals. However, they are expensive, and justification for their use lies in hypothesised benefits they can provide in areas such as well-being and productivity. Yet, there is very little research into the effects of Tubular Daylighting Devices. The broader daylighting literature suggests that benefits to satisfaction, mood, and performance are possible — though research into the benefits of daylight is still not conclusive.  Therefore, a before and after study was carried out in a windowless computer room in the university to compare how the students responded under TDDs versus typical electric lighting. Their cognitive performance, change in mood, average sleepiness, and perceptions of the room and lighting were measured.  TDDs significantly increased ratings of room attractiveness and brightness, and had no more perceived glare than the electric lighting. Ratings of lighting quality were on a par with both typical electric lighting and good modern lighting. They were also just as effective on overcast days as sunny. No effects were found on performance or sleepiness, and mood results were inconclusive.  Overall, it is suggested that TDDs can be considered to be on a par with good modern lighting, and superior to typical existing lighting. Note, however, that it is possible that effects in rooms with windows could differ from those found here. Further research should use longer exposures and larger sample sizes if they wish to find performance effects.</p>

scholarly journals Who Thrives Under Pressure? Predicting the Performance of Elite Academy Cricketers Using the Cardiovascular Indicators of Challenge and Threat States

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Turner ◽  
Marc V. Jones ◽  
David Sheffield ◽  
Matthew J. Slater ◽  
Jamie B. Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Challenge And Threat ◽  
Batting Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Avoidance Goals

This study assessed whether cardiovascular (CV) reactivity patterns indexing challenge and threat states predicted batting performance in elite male county (N = 12) and national (N = 30) academy cricketers. Participants completed a batting test under pressure, before which CV reactivity was recorded in response to ego-threatening audio instructions. Self-reported self-efficacy, control, achievement goals, and emotions were also assessed. Challenge CV reactivity predicted superior performance in the Batting Test, compared with threat CV reactivity. The relationships between self-report measures and CV reactivity, and self-report measures and performance were inconsistent. A small subsample of participants who exhibited threat CV reactivity, but performed well, reported greater self-efficacy than participants who exhibited threat CV reactivity, but performed poorly. Also a small subsample of participants who exhibited challenge reactivity, but performed poorly, had higher avoidance goals than participants with challenge reactivity who performed well. The mechanisms for the observed relationship between CV reactivity and performance are discussed alongside implications for future research and applied practice.

scholarly journals Tubular Daylighting Devices and People: A comparison of the human responses to Tubular Daylighting Devices and fluorescent lighting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
James Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Performance Change ◽  
Performance Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The University ◽  
Fluorescent Lighting ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Before And After Study

<p>Tubular Daylighting Devices are used to bring daylight into deep-plan spaces, and meet sustainability goals. However, they are expensive, and justification for their use lies in hypothesised benefits they can provide in areas such as well-being and productivity. Yet, there is very little research into the effects of Tubular Daylighting Devices. The broader daylighting literature suggests that benefits to satisfaction, mood, and performance are possible — though research into the benefits of daylight is still not conclusive.  Therefore, a before and after study was carried out in a windowless computer room in the university to compare how the students responded under TDDs versus typical electric lighting. Their cognitive performance, change in mood, average sleepiness, and perceptions of the room and lighting were measured.  TDDs significantly increased ratings of room attractiveness and brightness, and had no more perceived glare than the electric lighting. Ratings of lighting quality were on a par with both typical electric lighting and good modern lighting. They were also just as effective on overcast days as sunny. No effects were found on performance or sleepiness, and mood results were inconclusive.  Overall, it is suggested that TDDs can be considered to be on a par with good modern lighting, and superior to typical existing lighting. Note, however, that it is possible that effects in rooms with windows could differ from those found here. Further research should use longer exposures and larger sample sizes if they wish to find performance effects.</p>

Inflated Perceptions of Physical Activity After Stroke: Pairing Self-Report With Physiologic Measures

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Resnick ◽  
Kathleen Michael ◽  
Marianne Shaughnessy ◽  
Eun Shim Nahm ◽  
Susan Kopunek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Efficacy Expectations ◽  
Treadmill Testing ◽  
And Performance

Background:Self-report measures of physical activity have well-known drawbacks, and physiologic measures alone do not account for behavioral variables important in the perception and performance of physical activity. Therefore, we considered multiple measures to quantify physical activity in community-dwelling men and women with chronic stroke.Methods:This analysis included data from a volunteer sample of 87 individuals at least 6 months poststroke. Physical activity was measured using self-report questionnaires, step activity monitors, self-efficacy expectations related to exercise, and VO2peak from treadmill testing, and a model of physical activity was tested.Results:Most of the variance in objective physical activity was explained by VO2peak, and most of the variance in subjective physical activity was explained by self-efficacy expectations. There were significant discrepancies between subjective and objective findings.Conclusion:This study helps to understand the perspective of stroke survivors with regard to physical activity.

scholarly journals Relationship between acute stress and clinical performance in medical students: a pilot simulation study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie J Russ ◽  
Ian Morrison ◽  
Cheryl Bell ◽  
Jeremy Charles Morse ◽  
Rhoda Katharine Mackenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Second Year ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Clinical Urgency

BackgroundAcute stress has been linked to impaired clinical performance in healthcare settings. However, few studies have measured experienced stress and performance simultaneously using robust measures in controlled experimental conditions, which limits the strength of their findings.AimIn the current study we examined the relationship between acute stress and clinical performance in second-year medical students undertaking a simulated ECG scenario. To explore this relationship in greater depth we manipulated two variables (clinical urgency and cognitive load), and also examined the impact of trait anxiety and task self-efficacy.MethodsSecond-year medical students were asked to conduct a 12-lead ECG on a simulated patient. Students were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions according to clinical urgency (high/low) and cognitive load (high/low), which were manipulated during a handover prior to the ECG. As part of the scenario they were asked to describe the ECG trace to a senior doctor over the phone and to conduct a drug calculation. They then received a performance debrief. Psychological stress and physiological stress were captured (via self-report and heart rate, respectively) and various aspects of performance were observed, including technical competence, quality of communication, work rate and compliance with patient safety checks. Trait anxiety and task self-efficacy were also captured via self-report.ResultsFifty students participated. While there was little impact of experimental condition on stress or performance, there was a significant relationship between stress and performance for the group as a whole. Technical competence was poorer for those reporting higher levels of psychological stress prior to and following the procedure. Neither trait anxiety nor task self-efficacy mediated this relationship.ConclusionsThis study has provided evidence for a link between acute stress and impaired technical performance in medical students completing a simulated clinical scenario using real-time measures. The implications for patient safety and medical education are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document