scholarly journals Natural alteration of HIV-1 co-receptor tropism by contemporaneous HIV-2 infection

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Esbjörnsson ◽  
Fredrik Månsson ◽  
Hans Norrgren ◽  
Sarah L. Rowland-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Late Stage ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Late Stage Disease ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Disease Understanding ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
The Way

In this study, we show that the pathogenic HIV-1 CXCR4-tropism is more common in HIV-1 single (79%) than in HIV-1 and HIV-2 dual-infected individuals (35%), suggesting that contemporaneous HIV-2 infection can affect HIV-1 co-receptor tropism in late-stage disease. Understanding the underlying mechanisms responsible for this natural alteration by HIV-2 could pave the way towards a deeper understanding of the AIDS pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Frequent CXCR4 tropism of HIV-1 subtype A and CRF02_AG during late-stage disease - indication of an evolving epidemic in West Africa

Retrovirology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Esbjörnsson ◽  
Fredrik Månsson ◽  
Wilma Martínez-Arias ◽  
Elzbieta Vincic ◽  
Antonio J Biague ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Late Stage Disease ◽  
Subtype A ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Resistance to antibody neutralization in HIV-2 infection occurs in late stage disease and is associated with X4 tropism

AIDS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 2275-2284 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Marcelino ◽  
Pedro Borrego ◽  
Charlotta Nilsson ◽  
Carlos Família ◽  
Helena Barroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Stage ◽  
Antibody Neutralization ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Late Stage Disease

Receipt of Screening Mammography by Insured Women Diagnosed With Breast Cancer and Impact on Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa B. Lawson ◽  
Christoph I. Lee ◽  
Daniel S. Hippe ◽  
Shasank Chennupati ◽  
Catherine R. Fedorenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Socioeconomic Deprivation ◽  
Tumor Characteristics ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Late Stage Disease

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with receipt of screening mammography by insured women before breast cancer diagnosis, and subsequent outcomes. Patients and Methods: Using claims data from commercial and federal payers linked to a regional SEER registry, we identified women diagnosed with breast cancer from 2007 to 2017 and determined receipt of screening mammography within 1 year before diagnosis. We obtained patient and tumor characteristics from the SEER registry and assigned each woman a socioeconomic deprivation score based on residential address. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations of patient and tumor characteristics with late-stage disease and nonreceipt of mammography. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to identify predictors of subsequent mortality. Results: Among 7,047 women, 69% (n=4,853) received screening mammography before breast cancer diagnosis. Compared with women who received mammography, those with no mammography had a higher proportion of late-stage disease (34% vs 10%) and higher 5-year mortality (18% vs 6%). In multivariable modeling, late-stage disease was most associated with nonreceipt of mammography (odds ratio [OR], 4.35; 95% CI, 3.80–4.98). The Cox model indicated that nonreceipt of mammography predicted increased risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 2.00; 95% CI, 1.64–2.43), independent of late-stage disease at diagnosis (HR, 5.00; 95% CI, 4.10–6.10), Charlson comorbidity index score ≥1 (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 2.26–3.34), and negative estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor status (HR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.67–2.61). Nonreceipt of mammography was associated with younger age (40–49 vs 50–59 years; OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.45–1.96) and increased socioeconomic deprivation (OR, 1.05 per decile increase; 95% CI, 1.03–1.07). Conclusions: In a cohort of insured women diagnosed with breast cancer, nonreceipt of screening mammography was significantly associated with late-stage disease and mortality, suggesting that interventions to further increase uptake of screening mammography may improve breast cancer outcomes.

Oxidative stress in chronic hepatitis C: not just a feature of late stage disease

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjiv K. Jain ◽  
Philip W. Pemberton ◽  
Alexander Smith ◽  
Raymond F.T. McMahon ◽  
Peter C. Burrows ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Late Stage Disease

scholarly journals Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy and Systemic Inflammation in Sub-Saharan Africa: Results From the META Longitudinal Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (7) ◽  
pp. 1172-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J Siedner ◽  
Mwebesa Bosco Bwana ◽  
Stephen Asiimwe ◽  
Gideon Amanyire ◽  
Nicholas Musinguzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Late Stage Disease ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Abstract Chronic inflammation predicts complications in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection. We compared D-dimer, soluble CD14, and interleukin 6 levels before and 12 months after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, among individuals starting ART during earlier-stage (CD4 T-cell count >350/µL) or late-stage disease (CD4 T-cell count <200/µL). Female sex, older age, viral load, and late-stage disease were associated with pre-ART biomarkers (n = 661; P < .05). However, there were no differences in biomarkers by disease stage after 12 months of ART (n = 438; P > .05), owing to loss from observation and greater declines in biomarkers in late-stage initiators (P < .001). Earlier initiation of ART is associated with decreased inflammation, but levels seem to converge between earlier and later initiators surviving to 12 months.

The management of sinogenic orbital complications

1995 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharath Singh
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics ◽  
Late Stage Disease ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Orbital Complications ◽  
Group 1

AbstractThe place of conservative treatment in sinogenic orbital complications has not been fully explained in the literature. The question that remains unresolved is – at which stage of the disease is surgery indicated?A study was undertaken in 240 patients with sinogenic orbital complications, to determine this. The patients were divided into three groups according to the stage of the disease as determined clinically: Group 1 (52 patients) with early stage disease, as detected by cellulitis only; Group 2 (76 patients) with intermediate stage, as detected by periorbital cellulitis and proptosis, but with full range of eye movement and unaltered vision: Group 3 (122 patients) with late stage disease, as detected by periorbital cellulitis and gross proptosis. with limitation of eye movement and altered vision.Group I and Group 2 patients were treated conservatively, with intravenous antibiotics and antral lavage. Group 3 patients were treated with intravenous antibiotics and surgery. External frontoethmoidectomy was performed in 31 (bilateral in two), ethmoidectomy in 91 (bilateral in five), sphenoidectomy in 15 and bilateral antral washout in all (122 patients). There was 100 per cent success with conservative treatment in Group 1 patients, whilst in Group 2 there was 98.6 per cent failure. The 75 patients in whom conservative treatment failed were successfully treated with surgery: frontoethmoidectomy was performed in 66 and ethmoidectomy in nine. In Group 3 patients, 100 per cent success was achieved with intravenous antibiotics and surgery.Sinogenic orbital complications can be treated conservatively and surgically, depending on the stage of the disease on presentation. Conservative treatment is only suitable for early complications, i.e. patients with periorbital cellulitis only. For disease beyond this stage i.e. intermediate and late stage disease, surgery is the treatment of choice.

scholarly journals Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction-Mediated Improvements at Late-Stage Disease in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Stem Cells ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 532-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie C. Bowles ◽  
Amy L. Strong ◽  
Rachel M. Wise ◽  
Robert C. Thomas ◽  
Brittany Y. Gerstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Late Stage Disease

scholarly journals Large-scale genome-wide screening of circulating microRNAs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma reveals specific signatures in late-stage disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 141 (9) ◽  
pp. 1730-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estelle Chanudet ◽  
Magdalena B. Wozniak ◽  
Liacine Bouaoun ◽  
Graham Byrnes ◽  
Anush Mukeriya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Late Stage Disease
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