scholarly journals Rapid environmental change in games: complications and curiosities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pete C Trimmer ◽  
Brendan J Barrett ◽  
Richard McElreath ◽  
Andrew Sih
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Functional Perspective ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Expected Payoffs ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Rapid Environmental Change

AbstractHuman-induced rapid environmental change (HIREC) has recently led to alterations in the fitness and behavior of many organisms. Game theory is an important tool of behavioral ecology for analyzing evolutionary situations involving multiple individuals. However, game theory bypasses the details by which behavioral phenotypes are determined, taking the functional perspective straight from expected payoffs to predicted frequencies of behaviors. In contrast with optimization approaches, we identify that to use existing game theoretic models to predict HIREC effects, additional mechanistic details (or assumptions) will often be required. We illustrate this in relation to the hawk-dove game by showing that three different mechanisms, each of which support the same ESS prior to HIREC (fixed polymorphism, probabilistic choice, or cue dependency), can have a substantial effect on behavior (and success) following HIREC. Surprisingly, an increase in the value of resources can lead to a reduction in payoffs (and vice versa), both in the immediate- and long-term following HIREC. An increase in expected costs also increases expected payoffs. Along with these counter-intuitive findings, this work shows that simply understanding the behavioral payoffs of existing games is insufficient to make predictions about the effects of HIREC.It’s the little details that are vital. Little things make big things happen.John Wooden

Game-Theoretic Insights Concerning Key Business Ethics Issues Occurring in Emerging Economies

2015 ◽  
pp. 34-55
Author(s):  
Duane Windsor
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Corporate Values ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Sustainable Business Models ◽  
Game Theoretic

This chapter identifies some game-theoretic insights concerning several key issues of business ethics typically occurring in emerging economies. The chapter explicates four elements in this sequence: nature of game theory, characteristics of emerging economies, fundamentals of business ethics, and key business ethics issues. The chapter emphasizes useful insights of game theory rather than undertaking formal modeling (examples are noted in references). Game theory assists reasoning about strategic scenarios for businesses. A multinational entity operates within layers of institutions and norms from the international to the national and sub-national levels. Such institutions and norms help structure the complex environment within which a multinational entity operates. The approach in this chapter is to inquire into certain specific decision scenarios available in the extant literature as instances of important classes of decision problems and to suggest game-theoretic responses. These scenarios concern long-term sustainable business models, corporate values, and corporate reputation.

Could a Feminist and a Game Theorist Co-Parent?

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Wendling ◽  
Paul Viminitz
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Political Justification ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
And Behavior

Game theorists assume that rational defensibility is a necessary condition for moral, social, or political justification. By itself, this is a fairly uncontroversial claim; most moral or political philosophers would agree. And yet game theorists tend to be advocates of the free market. External critics of game theory usually claim this is because game theorists assume that individuals are atomistic and self-interested. Game theorists themselves deny this, however, for what strike us as good reasons. In principle, game theory has no necessary ties to right-wing distribution schemes. Why, then, is game theory almost exclusively the province of conservative philosophers, political scientists, and economists? The problem, we believe, lies in the theory of rational choice standardly employed by game theory. Even if we accept, for the purposes of argument, game theory's account of the justification of moral dispositions — that a disposition is morally justified if and only if, in its absence, it would be game theoretically rational to acquire it — we need not be led to right-wing solutions. If we expand the kinds of choices facing individuals to include choices about what we will call ‘institutional roles,’ then we can explain the game theoretic rationality of the kinds of emotions and behavior exemplified by duty, loyalty, and love.

Game-Theoretic Insights Concerning Key Business Ethics Issues Occurring in Emerging Economies

2015 ◽  
pp. 1646-1667
Author(s):  
Duane Windsor
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Corporate Values ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Sustainable Business Models ◽  
Game Theoretic

This chapter identifies some game-theoretic insights concerning several key issues of business ethics typically occurring in emerging economies. The chapter explicates four elements in this sequence: nature of game theory, characteristics of emerging economies, fundamentals of business ethics, and key business ethics issues. The chapter emphasizes useful insights of game theory rather than undertaking formal modeling (examples are noted in references). Game theory assists reasoning about strategic scenarios for businesses. A multinational entity operates within layers of institutions and norms from the international to the national and sub-national levels. Such institutions and norms help structure the complex environment within which a multinational entity operates. The approach in this chapter is to inquire into certain specific decision scenarios available in the extant literature as instances of important classes of decision problems and to suggest game-theoretic responses. These scenarios concern long-term sustainable business models, corporate values, and corporate reputation.

Business Ethics in Emerging Economies

2014 ◽  
pp. 30-45
Author(s):  
Duane Windsor
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Corporate Values ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Sustainable Business Models ◽  
Game Theoretic

This chapter seeks to identify useful game-theoretic insights concerning key issues of business ethics in emerging economies. The study considers four elements in this sequence: game theory, emerging economies, business ethics, and key issues. The chapter does not undertake formal modeling but rather emphasizes useful insights. Game theory provides assistance in reasoning about strategic scenarios for businesses in emerging economies. A multinational entity operates within layers of institutions and norms from international to national and sub-national levels. The approach taken here is to inquire into certain specific decision scenarios available in the extant literature as instances of important classes of decision problems. These scenarios involve long-term sustainable business models, corporate values, and corporate reputation.

Business Ethics in Emerging Economies

2015 ◽  
pp. 856-871
Author(s):  
Duane Windsor
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Corporate Values ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Sustainable Business Models ◽  
Game Theoretic

This chapter seeks to identify useful game-theoretic insights concerning key issues of business ethics in emerging economies. The study considers four elements in this sequence: game theory, emerging economies, business ethics, and key issues. The chapter does not undertake formal modeling but rather emphasizes useful insights. Game theory provides assistance in reasoning about strategic scenarios for businesses in emerging economies. A multinational entity operates within layers of institutions and norms from international to national and sub-national levels. The approach taken here is to inquire into certain specific decision scenarios available in the extant literature as instances of important classes of decision problems. These scenarios involve long-term sustainable business models, corporate values, and corporate reputation.

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